首页 > 代码库 > 【转】linux之pmap命令!
【转】linux之pmap命令!
原贴:http://tonykorn97.itpub.net/post/6414/249221
发表于: 2007.01.09 17:39
分类: linux
出处: http://tonykorn97.itpub.net/post/6414/249221
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pmap
ldd
stace
要熟悉的几个调试命令!
观察到系统中的指定进程的地址空间分布情况显示一个目标文件或者链接库文件中的目标文件的各个段的大小。该文件从/proc//maps中获得数据。
命令格式:
pmap
范例:
[root@localhost security]# pmap -d 4993
4993: -bash
Address Kbytes Mode Offset Device Mapping
08047000 596 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 bash bash的代码段
080dc000 28 rwx-- 0000000000094000 003:00006 bash bash的数据段
080e3000 280 rwx-- 00000000080e3000 000:00000 [ anon ] bash的堆
4d575000 84 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 ld-2.3.4.so 共享库的代码段
4d58a000 4 r-x-- 0000000000015000 003:00006 ld-2.3.4.so 共享库的数据段
4d58b000 4 rwx-- 0000000000016000 003:00006 ld-2.3.4.so 共享库的堆
4d58e000 1164 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 libc-2.3.4.so
4d6b1000 4 r-x-- 0000000000123000 003:00006 libc-2.3.4.so
4d6b2000 12 rwx-- 0000000000124000 003:00006 libc-2.3.4.so
4d6b5000 8 rwx-- 000000004d6b5000 000:00000 [ anon ] 匿名物理内存,
4d6de000 8 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 libdl-2.3.4.so
4d6e0000 8 rwx-- 0000000000001000 003:00006 libdl-2.3.4.so
4d807000 12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 libtermcap.so.2.0.8
4d80a000 4 rwx-- 0000000000002000 003:00006 libtermcap.so.2.0.8
b7bc2000 176 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 GB18030.so
b7bee000 8 rwx-- 000000000002b000 003:00006 GB18030.so
b7bf0000 24 r-xs- 0000000000000000 003:00006 gconv-modules.cache
b7bf6000 1060 r-x-- 0000000002197000 003:00006 locale-archive
b7cff000 2048 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 locale-archive
b7eff000 36 r-x-- 0000000000000000 003:00006 libnss_files-2.3.4.so
b7f08000 8 rwx-- 0000000000008000 003:00006 libnss_files-2.3.4.so
b7f0a000 8 rwx-- 00000000b7f0a000 000:00000 [ anon ]
b7f20000 8 rwx-- 00000000b7f20000 000:00000 [ anon ]
bff0d000 84 rw--- 00000000bff0d000 000:00000 [ stack ]
ffffe000 4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ]
mapped: 5680K writeable/private: 460K shared: 24K
每列的含义如下:
参数 解释
Address:00378000-0038d000 进程所占的地址空间
Kbytes 该虚拟段的大小
RSS 设备号(主设备:次设备)
Anon 设备的节点号,0表示没有节点与内存相对应
Locked 是否允许swapped
Mode 权限:r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private(copy on write)
Mapping: bash 对应的映像文件名
[root@localhost security]# pmap -x 4993
4993: -bash
Address Kbytes RSS Anon Locked Mode Mapping
08047000 596 - - - r-x-- bash
080dc000 28 - - - rwx-- bash
080e3000 280 - - - rwx-- [ anon ]
4d575000 84 - - - r-x-- ld-2.3.4.so
4d58a000 4 - - - r-x-- ld-2.3.4.so
4d58b000 4 - - - rwx-- ld-2.3.4.so
4d58e000 1164 - - - r-x-- libc-2.3.4.so
4d6b1000 4 - - - r-x-- libc-2.3.4.so
4d6b2000 12 - - - rwx-- libc-2.3.4.so
4d6b5000 8 - - - rwx-- [ anon ]
4d6de000 8 - - - r-x-- libdl-2.3.4.so
4d6e0000 8 - - - rwx-- libdl-2.3.4.so
4d807000 12 - - - r-x-- libtermcap.so.2.0.8
4d80a000 4 - - - rwx-- libtermcap.so.2.0.8
b7bc2000 176 - - - r-x-- GB18030.so
b7bee000 8 - - - rwx-- GB18030.so
b7bf0000 24 - - - r-xs- gconv-modules.cache
b7bf6000 1060 - - - r-x-- locale-archive
b7cff000 2048 - - - r-x-- locale-archive
b7eff000 36 - - - r-x-- libnss_files-2.3.4.so
b7f08000 8 - - - rwx-- libnss_files-2.3.4.so
b7f0a000 8 - - - rwx-- [ anon ]
b7f20000 8 - - - rwx-- [ anon ]
bff0d000 84 - - - rw--- [ stack ]
ffffe000 4 - - - ----- [ anon ]
-------- ------- ------- ------- -------
total kB 5680 - - -
[root@localhost security]#
名称:
pmap - report memory map of a process(查看进程的内存映像信息)
用法
pmap [ -x | -d ] [ -q ] pids...
pmap -V
选项含义
-x extended Show the extended format. 显示扩展格式
-d device Show the device format. 显示设备格式
-q quiet Do not display some header/footer lines. 不显示头尾行
-V show version Displays version of program. 显示版本
扩展格式和设备格式域:
Address: start address of map 映像起始地址
Kbytes: size of map in kilobytes 映像大小
RSS: resident set size in kilobytes 驻留集大小
Dirty: dirty pages (both shared and private) in kilobytes 脏页大小
Mode: permissions on map 映像权限: r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private (copy on write)
Mapping: file backing the map , or ‘[ anon ]‘ for allocated memory, or ‘[ stack ]‘ for the program stack. 映像支持文件,[anon]为已分配内存 [stack]为程序堆栈
Offset: offset into the file 文件偏移
Device: device name (major:minor) 设备名
举例:
查看进程1的设备格式
[root@C44 ~]# pmap -d 1 1: init [5] Address Kbytes Mode Offset Device Mapping 00934000 88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so 0094a000 4 r---- 0000000000015000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so 0094b000 4 rw--- 0000000000016000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so 0094e000 1188 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so 00a77000 8 r---- 0000000000129000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so 00a79000 8 rw--- 000000000012b000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so 00a7b000 8 rw--- 0000000000a7b000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00a85000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1 00a92000 4 rw--- 000000000000c000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1 00a93000 32 rw--- 0000000000a93000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00d9d000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1 00daa000 4 rw--- 000000000000d000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1 08048000 28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 init 0804f000 4 rw--- 0000000000007000 008:00005 init 084e1000 132 rw--- 00000000084e1000 000:00000 [ anon ] b7f5d000 8 rw--- 00000000b7f5d000 000:00000 [ anon ] bffee000 72 rw--- 00000000bffee000 000:00000 [ stack ] ffffe000 4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] mapped: 1700K writeable/private: 276K shared: 0K [root@C44 ~]#
最后一行的值
mapped 表示该进程映射的虚拟地址空间大小,也就是该进程预先分配的虚拟内存大小,即ps出的vsz
writeable/private 表示进程所占用的私有地址空间大小,也就是该进程实际使用的内存大小
shared 表示进程和其他进程共享的内存大小
查看进程1的设备格式,不显示头尾行
[root@C44 ~]# pmap -d -q 1 1: init [5] 00934000 88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so 0094a000 4 r---- 0000000000015000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so 0094b000 4 rw--- 0000000000016000 008:00005 ld-2.3.4.so 0094e000 1188 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so 00a77000 8 r---- 0000000000129000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so 00a79000 8 rw--- 000000000012b000 008:00005 libc-2.3.4.so 00a7b000 8 rw--- 0000000000a7b000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00a85000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1 00a92000 4 rw--- 000000000000c000 008:00005 libsepol.so.1 00a93000 32 rw--- 0000000000a93000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00d9d000 52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1 00daa000 4 rw--- 000000000000d000 008:00005 libselinux.so.1 08048000 28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 008:00005 init 0804f000 4 rw--- 0000000000007000 008:00005 init 084e1000 132 rw--- 00000000084e1000 000:00000 [ anon ] b7f5d000 8 rw--- 00000000b7f5d000 000:00000 [ anon ] bffee000 72 rw--- 00000000bffee000 000:00000 [ stack ] ffffe000 4 ----- 0000000000000000 000:00000 [ anon ] [root@C44 ~]#
查看进程1的扩展格式
[root@C44 ~]# pmap -x 1 1: init [5] Address Kbytes RSS Anon Locked Mode Mapping 00934000 88 - - - r-x-- ld-2.3.4.so 0094a000 4 - - - r---- ld-2.3.4.so 0094b000 4 - - - rw--- ld-2.3.4.so 0094e000 1188 - - - r-x-- libc-2.3.4.so 00a77000 8 - - - r---- libc-2.3.4.so 00a79000 8 - - - rw--- libc-2.3.4.so 00a7b000 8 - - - rw--- [ anon ] 00a85000 52 - - - r-x-- libsepol.so.1 00a92000 4 - - - rw--- libsepol.so.1 00a93000 32 - - - rw--- [ anon ] 00d9d000 52 - - - r-x-- libselinux.so.1 00daa000 4 - - - rw--- libselinux.so.1 08048000 28 - - - r-x-- init 0804f000 4 - - - rw--- init 084e1000 132 - - - rw--- [ anon ] b7f5d000 8 - - - rw--- [ anon ] bffee000 72 - - - rw--- [ stack ] ffffe000 4 - - - ----- [ anon ] -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- total kB 1700 - - - [root@C44 ~]#
循环显示进程3066的设备格式的最后1行,间隔2秒,
[root@C44 ~]# while true; do pmap -d 3066 | tail -1; sleep 2; done mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K mapped: 5412K writeable/private: 2028K shared: 0K