首页 > 代码库 > hive 复杂类型

hive 复杂类型

hive提供一种复合类型的数据

struct:可以使用“.”来存取数据
map:可以使用键值对来存取数据
array:array中存取的数据为相同类型,其中的数据可以通过下表获取数据
 
创建 struct类型
create table student_struct(id INT, info struct<name:STRING, age:INT>)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY , //指定表在加载数据时候的列分割符
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY :; //指定每个字段之间的item的分隔符
导入测试数据
1,zhang:24
2,wang:23
3,feng:22
4,li:22
5,zhou:21
6,xing:20
7,cai:19
8,yi:18
9,lan:17
查询表中数据
技术分享
使用struct的"."来查询数据
hive> select*from student_struct where info.age>20;
OK
1 {"name":"zhang","age":24}
2 {"name":"wang","age":23}
3 {"name":"feng","age":22}
4 {"name":"li","age":22}
5 {"name":"zhou","age":21}
Time taken: 2.31 seconds, Fetched: 5 row(s)
创建array
create table student_array(id INT, stuArray array<String>)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ,
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY :;
加载测试数据(stuArray里面存储的是相同的数据类型,可以有多个值)
struct 数据
查询表中数据(array类型,可以通过你创建表时定义列的别名,通过下标来获取数据)
hive> select*from student_array where stuArray[1]>20;
OK
1 ["zhang","24"]
2 ["wang","23"]
3 ["feng","22"]
4 ["li","22"]
5 ["zhou","21"]
Time taken: 2.63 seconds, Fetched: 5 row(s)
创建Map(stuMap可以有多个,我这里写了两个)
create table student_map(id string, stuMap map<string, int>)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY \t
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ,
MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY :;
导入测试数据
1 zhang:24,shangHai:100
2 wang:23,shangHai:200
3 feng:22,shangHai:1900
4 li:22,shangHai:2900
5 zhou:21,shangHai:1200
6 xing:20,shangHai:1200
7 cai:19,shangHai:600
8 yi:18,shangHai:7600
9 lan:17,shangHai:8000
查询数据
hive> select * from student_map where stuMap[‘shangHai‘]=100;
OK
1 {"zhang":24,"shangHai":100}
Time taken: 0.944 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive>
 

hive 复杂类型