【故障处理】告警日志报“ORA-01565 Unable To open Spfile”

1.1  BLOG文档结构图

1.2  故障分析及解决过程

1.2.1  故障环境介绍

1.2.2  故障发生现象及报错信息

客户的12.1.0.2的RAC库告警日志报ORA-01565: Unable To open Spfile的错误，其中一个节点在每天凌晨3点多，另外一个节点在凌晨1点多。

1.2.3  故障分析及解决过程

根据MOS How to troubleshoot ORA-01565 being reported in alert log (文档 ID 1950208.1)查询出来是由于$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID和OCR 中的配置（srvctl config db -d racdb1）查询出来的结果不一致导致的。

解决：将两者配置修改为一致即可。

可以设置trace事件来追踪该问题，生成trace后再关闭该跟踪事件：

alter system set events ‘1565 trace name errorstack level 10‘;

alter system set events ‘1565 trace name context off‘;

另外，在12.1.0.2的RAC中，文件“<DB_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID>.ora”不再使用：

The only reference to the incorrect spfile name is in <DB_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID>.ora which isn‘t being used in 12.1.0.2:

$ cat initeaipprd1.ora
SPFILE=‘+DATA/eaipprd/spfileeaipprd.ora‘

1.3  MOS

1.3.1  Grid Infrastructure 12.1.0.2 ORA-01565 Unable To open Spfile (文档 ID 1970979.1)

In this Document

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 12.1.0.2 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.

SYMPTOMS

Newly created database using dbca, seeing the following in database alert.log frequently:

The spfile doesn‘t exist, the spfile in the OCR for the database is correct:

The only reference to the incorrect spfile name is in <DB_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID>.ora which isn‘t being used in 12.1.0.2:

CAUSE

The issue was investigated in multiple bugs: 

BUG 20133332 - FREQUENT ALERT.LOG MSG: ORA-01565: UNABLE TO OPEN SPFILE +DATA/EAIPPRD/SPFILEEAI
BUG 19064439 - ORA-01565: UNABLE TO OPEN SPFILE ON AN IDLE SYSTEM - FOR 1 SECOND 
BUG 20025790 - EM CAUSES ORA-1565 TO BE GENERATED DUE TO DBCA ISSUE

The exact cause wasn‘t determined.

SOLUTION

After applied 12.1.0.2 GI PSU2, the issue stopped.

1.3.2  How to troubleshoot ORA-01565 being reported in alert log (文档 ID 1950208.1)

In this Document

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 12.1.0.2 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.

GOAL

 Troubleshooting "ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile"

SOLUTION

When "ORA-01565: Unable to open Spfile" is being reported in the instance alert log, then some process is trying to access the spfile but referring to the incorrect location

In a situation where the error is not generating any trace files we need to set the following event at the database level

Once the above event is set we can see messages as follows in the alert log when the issue occurs again

After the event has occurred, the tracing can be disabled as follows

In the current example the trace file has the following information

The actual SPFILE location of the database can be checked from the alert log or database configuration

From the above it is clear that the actual location of the spfile is "+DATA/spfileracdb1.ora" however the process is trying to access the spfile from "+DATA/racdb1/spfileracdb1.ora"

In such a situation the reference of the spfile needs to be corrected by the process.

REFERENCES

BUG:18334406 - ORA-01565 ERROR ON THE TWO RAC NODES
BUG:9906253 - ORA-01565: UNABLE TO OPEN SPFILE EACH SIX HOURS

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【故障处理】告警日志报“ORA-01565 Unable To open Spfile”