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CentOS7.2编译安装LNMP
一、前言
1、环境说明
基础环境Linux+Nginx+MySQL+PHP
linux:7.2
nginx:1.10.2
mysql:5.6.17
php:5.5.12
2、部署说明
php安装目录:/usr/local/php
php.ini配置文件路径:/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
Nginx安装目录:/usr/local/nginx
Nginx配置文件路径:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
Nginx网站根目录:/usr/local/nginx/html
二、准备工作
1、最小化安装Centos7.2
#建立一个软件包目录存放 mkdir -p /usr/local/src/ #清理已经安装包 rpm -e httpd rpm -e mysql rpm -e php yum -y remove httpd yum -y remove mysql yum -y remove php #搜索apache包 rpm -qa http* #强制卸载apache包 rpm -e --nodeps 查询出来的文件名 #检查是否卸载干净 rpm -qa|grep http*
selinux可能会致使编译安装失败,我们先禁用它。
永久禁用,需要重启生效
sed -i ‘s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g‘ /etc/selinux/config
临时禁用,不需要重启
setenforce 0
2、安装必备工具
yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison file libtool libtool-libs autoconf kernel-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel libpng10 libpng10-devel gd gd-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libevent libevent-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel gettext gettext-devel ncurses-devel gmp-devel pspell-devel unzip libcap lsof
三、安装MySQL5.6.17
1、准备工作
按照标准需要给mysql创建所属用户和用户组
#创建群组 groupadd mysql #创建一个用户,不允许登陆和不创主目录 useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql #检查刚创建的用户 tail -1 /etc/passwd
centos最小化安装后,会有mysql的库因此先卸载!
#检查安装与否 rpm -qa|grep mysql #强制卸载 rpm -erpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.73-3.el6_5.x86_64 --nodeps
MySQL从5.5版本开始,通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消,取而代之的是cmake工具。因此,我们首先要在系统中源码编译安装cmake工具。
wgethttp://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz tar zxvf cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz cd cmake-2.8.12.2 ./configure make && make install
2、使用cmake来编译安装MySQL 5.6.17
wgethttp://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz tar zxvf mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz cd mysql-5.6.17 cmake \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 \ -DWITH_SSL=system make && make install #修改/usr/local/mysql权限 chmod +w /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
关于my.cnf配置文件:
在启动MySQL服务时,会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf,先在/etc目录下找,找不到则会搜索”$basedir/my.cnf”就是安装目录下/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf,这是新版MySQL的配置文件的默认位置!注意:在最小安装完成后,在/etc目录下会存在一个my.cnf,需要将此文件更名为其他的名字。如:/etc/my.cnf.bak,否则,该文件会干扰源码安装的MySQL的正确配置,造成无法启动。由于我们已经卸载了最小安装完成后的mysql库所以,就没必要操作了。
cd support-files/ #如果还有my.cnf请备份 mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf #执行初始化配置脚本,创建系统自带的数据库和表,注意配置文件的路径 /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql #拷贝mysql安装目录下support-files服务脚本到init.d目录 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #赋予权限、设置开机自启并启动 chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig mysqld on service mysqld start #或者 /etc/init.d/mysql start
MySQL5.6.x启动成功后,root默认没有密码,我们需要设置root密码。设置之前,我们需要先设置PATH,否则不能直接调用mysql
#修改/etc/profile文件 vim /etc/profile #在文件末尾添加 PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH export PATH #让配置立即生效 source /etc/profile #登陆测试,默认是没有密码,直接回车就可进入 mysql -uroot -p #设置mysql密码 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password ‘你的密码‘ #登陆进命令行模式 mysql -uroot -p #查看用户 >select user,host from mysql.user; #删除不必要的用户 >drop user ""@localhost; > drop user root@‘::1‘; #赋予账号远程访问的权限 >GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘127.0.0.1‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘你的密码‘; >GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘你的密码‘; #其它一些信息查询: #检查mysql版本 mysql -uroot -p"密码" -e "select version();"
MySQL安装完毕!
四、安装PHP5.5.12
1、安装依赖关系
yum install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mcrypt mhash
2、下载并编译安装php
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.5.12.tar.gz tar zxvf php-5.5.12.tar.gz cd php-5.5.12 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www--with-fpm-group=www --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath--enable-magic-quotes --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers--enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-ftp --with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl--enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear--with-gettext --disable-fileinfo --enable-maintainer-zts make && make install
下面的警告说明已自带不需启用或安装,可忽略:
继续:
#修改fpm配置php-fpm.conf.default文件名称 mv /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #复制php.ini配置文件 cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #复制php-fpm启动脚本到init.d cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #赋予执行权限 chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm #添加为启动项 chkconfig --add php-fpm #设置开机启动 chkconfig php-fpm on #按照标准,给php-fpm创建一个指定的用户和组 #创建群组 groupadd www #创建一个用户,不允许登陆和不创主目录 useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www -M www #立即启动php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
PHP安装完毕!
五、安装Nginx1.10.2
1、准备工作
#添加用户与属组 groupadd -r nginx useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx -M nginx #创建目录 mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client/ #解压安装包 tar zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
2、编译安装
./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/bin/nginx \ --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --with-pcre
敲黑板:注意sbin、conf、pid、local的path要和后续的控制脚本保持一致!
make && make install
3、为Nginx提供SysV init脚本
cat /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # pidfile: /run/nginx/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf " lockfile=/var/lock/nginx.lock start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac |
类似的脚本网上很多,注意config、pid、sbin的路径保持和编译一致即可。
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add nginx chkconfig nginx on #然后就可以启动服务了 systemctl restart nginx.service #或 /etc/init.d/nginx start
Nginx安装完毕 ,下面开始整合Nginx与PHP
六、整合Nginx与PHP
1、编辑Nginx.conf,启用如下选项:
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/ cat nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } |
2、编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params,将其内容更改为如下内容:
# mv fastcgi_paramsfastcgi_params.bak # cat fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; |
在所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页,类似如下:
location / { root html; index index.php index.html index.htm; } |
#重新载入配置 # /etc/init.d/nginx reload
3、在/usr/local/nginx/html目录下新建index.php测试页面
cat > /usr/local/nignx/htmlindex.php << EOF
<?php phpinfo(); ?> |
可通过浏览器 访问此测试页面,验证nginx连接php配置是否成功。页面应该如下图
至此CenOS72下LNMP编译安装完毕!
本文出自 “泥淖” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://cangzihu.blog.51cto.com/6671848/1884270
CentOS7.2编译安装LNMP