NAME       pthread_create - create a new threadSYNOPSIS       #include <pthread.h>       int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr,                          void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg);       Compile and link with -pthread.

NAME       pthread_join - join with a terminated threadSYNOPSIS       #include <pthread.h>       int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **retval);       Compile and link with -pthread.DESCRIPTION       The  pthread_join() function waits for the thread specified       by thread to terminate.  If that thread has already  termi-       nated, then pthread_join() returns immediately.  The thread       specified by thread must be joinable.       If retval is not NULL, then pthread_join() copies the  exit       status  of the target thread (i.e., the value that the tar-       get thread supplied to pthread_exit(3)) into  the  location       pointed  to by *retval.  If the target thread was canceled,       then PTHREAD_CANCELED is placed in *retval.       If multiple threads simultaneously try  to  join  with  the       same  thread,  the  results  are  undefined.  If the thread       calling pthread_join() is canceled, then the target  thread       will remain joinable (i.e., it will not be detached).RETURN VALUE       On  success, pthread_join() returns 0; on error, it returns       an error number.

NAME       pthread_mutex_lock       pthread_mutex_unlock - lock and unlock a mutexSYNOPSIS       #include <pthread.h>       int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);       int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

NAME       pthread_mutex_destroy,  pthread_mutex_init  -  destroy  and initialize a mutexSYNOPSIS       #include <pthread.h>       int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);       int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *restrict attr);

/*************************************************************************  > File Name: ticket.c  > Author: KrisChou  > Mail:zhoujx0219@163.com   > Created Time: Mon 25 Aug 2014 07:40:38 PM CST ************************************************************************/#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <pthread.h>int ticket_cnt = 20;     /* 共有20张票 */typedef struct tag{    int s_id;    pthread_mutex_t *s_p;}DATA,*pDATA;void* handler(void *arg ){    int id = ((pDATA)arg)->s_id;    pthread_mutex_t *p_mutex = ((pDATA)arg)-> s_p;    printf("a window on !: %d \n", id);    while(1)    {        pthread_mutex_lock(p_mutex);        if(ticket_cnt == 0)        {            printf("ticket out! \n");            pthread_mutex_unlock(p_mutex);            free((pDATA)arg);            return (void*)0;        }        --ticket_cnt;        sleep(rand()%3 + 1);        printf("window: %d : a ticket sold. left : %d \n", id,ticket_cnt );        pthread_mutex_unlock(p_mutex);        sleep(rand() % 3 + 1); /* 如果不sleep，锁会一直被这个执行完的线程所占据 */    }}int main(int argc, char *argv[]){    srand(getpid());    pthread_mutex_t mutex;    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);    int thd_cnt = atoi(argv[1]); /* 从命令行输入卖票窗口数 */    pthread_t *tds = (pthread_t*)calloc(thd_cnt,sizeof(pthread_t));    int index;    for(index = 0; index < thd_cnt; index++ )    {        pDATA p = (pDATA)calloc(1,sizeof(DATA));        p->s_id = index;        p->s_p = &mutex;        pthread_create(tds + index , NULL,handler,(void*)p);    }    printf("joining...\n");    for(index = 0; index < thd_cnt; index++)    {        pthread_join(tds[index],NULL);    }    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);    return 0;}

[purple@localhost review]$ gcc ticket.c -lpthread[purple@localhost review]$ ./a.out 5joining...a window on !: 2a window on !: 3a window on !: 4a window on !: 1a window on !: 0window: 2 : a ticket sold. left : 19window: 3 : a ticket sold. left : 18window: 4 : a ticket sold. left : 17window: 1 : a ticket sold. left : 16window: 0 : a ticket sold. left : 15window: 2 : a ticket sold. left : 14window: 3 : a ticket sold. left : 13window: 4 : a ticket sold. left : 12window: 1 : a ticket sold. left : 11window: 0 : a ticket sold. left : 10window: 2 : a ticket sold. left : 9window: 3 : a ticket sold. left : 8window: 4 : a ticket sold. left : 7window: 1 : a ticket sold. left : 6window: 0 : a ticket sold. left : 5window: 2 : a ticket sold. left : 4window: 3 : a ticket sold. left : 3window: 4 : a ticket sold. left : 2window: 1 : a ticket sold. left : 1window: 0 : a ticket sold. left : 0ticket out!ticket out!ticket out!ticket out!ticket out!