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c# 加密/解密 哈希
DES一共就有4个参数参与运作：明文、密文、密钥、向量。其中这4者的关系可以理解为：
- 密文=明文+密钥+向量；
- 明文=密文-密钥-向量；
为什么要向量这个参数呢？因为如果有一篇文章，有几个词重复，那么这个词加上密钥形成的密文，仍然会重复，这给破解者有机可乘，破解者可以根据重复的内容，猜出是什么词，然而一旦猜对这个词，那么，他就能算出密钥，整篇文章就被破解了！加上向量这个参数以后，每块文字段都会依次加上一段值，这样，即使相同的文字，加密出来的密文，也是不一样的，算法的安全性大大提高！
下面给出DES加、解密的.Net封装版：
using System;using System.Text;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.IO;namespace 开发测试{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string user = Encrypt("admin"); string pass = Encrypt("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user); Console.WriteLine(pass); string GetUser = Decrypt(user); string GetPass = Decrypt(pass); Console.WriteLine(GetUser); Console.WriteLine(GetPass); Console.ReadLine(); } /// <summary> /// 获取密钥 /// </summary> private static string Key { get { return @"P@+#wG%A"; } } /// <summary> /// 获取向量 /// </summary> private static string IV { get { return @"L*n67}G\Mk@k%:~Y"; } } /// <summary> /// DES加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="plainStr">明文字符串</param> /// <returns>密文</returns> public static string Encrypt(string plainStr) { byte[] bKey = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key); byte[] bIV = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(IV); byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainStr); string encrypt = null; DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); try { using (MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream()) { using (CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, des.CreateEncryptor(bKey, bIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { cStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); cStream.FlushFinalBlock(); encrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(mStream.ToArray()); } } } catch { } des.Clear(); return encrypt; } /// <summary> /// DES解密 /// </summary> /// <param name="encryptStr">密文字符串</param> /// <returns>明文</returns> public static string Decrypt(string encryptStr) { byte[] bKey = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key); byte[] bIV = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(IV); byte[] byteArray = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptStr); string decrypt = null; DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); try { using (MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream()) { using (CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, des.CreateDecryptor(bKey, bIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { cStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); cStream.FlushFinalBlock(); decrypt = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(mStream.ToArray()); } } } catch { } des.Clear(); return decrypt; } }}
二、AES加解密
AES是美国联邦政府采用的商业及政府数据加密标准，预计将在未来几十年里代替DES在各个领域中得到广泛应用。AES提供128位密钥，因此，128位AES的加密强度是56位DES加密强度的1021倍还多。假设可以制造一部可以在1秒内破解DES密码的机器，那么使用这台机器破解一个128位AES密码需要大约149亿万年的时间。
下面给出AES加解密的.Net封装版:
using System;using System.Text;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.IO;namespace 开发测试{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string user = Encrypt("admin"); string pass = Encrypt("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user); Console.WriteLine(pass); string GetUser = Decrypt(user); string GetPass = Decrypt(pass); Console.WriteLine(GetUser); Console.WriteLine(GetPass); Console.ReadLine(); } /// <summary> /// 获取密钥 /// </summary> private static string Key { get { return @"qO[NB]6,YF}gefcaj{+oESb9d8>Z‘e9M"; } } /// <summary> /// 获取向量 /// </summary> private static string IV { get { return @"L+\~f4.Ir)b$=pkf"; } } /// <summary> /// AES加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="plainStr">明文字符串</param> /// <returns>密文</returns> public static string Encrypt(string plainStr) { byte[] bKey = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key); byte[] bIV = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(IV); byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainStr); string encrypt = null; Rijndael aes = Rijndael.Create(); try { using (MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream()) { using (CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, aes.CreateEncryptor(bKey, bIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { cStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); cStream.FlushFinalBlock(); encrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(mStream.ToArray()); } } } catch { } aes.Clear(); return encrypt; } /// <summary> /// AES解密 /// </summary> /// <param name="encryptStr">密文字符串</param> /// <returns>明文</returns> public static string Decrypt(string encryptStr) { byte[] bKey = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key); byte[] bIV = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(IV); byte[] byteArray = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptStr); string decrypt = null; Rijndael aes = Rijndael.Create(); try { using (MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream()) { using (CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, aes.CreateDecryptor(bKey, bIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { cStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); cStream.FlushFinalBlock(); decrypt = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(mStream.ToArray()); } } } catch { } aes.Clear(); return decrypt; } }}三、MD5与SHA128、256...散列
MD5和SHA1散列通常被用于密码中，很多人称其为散列算法，实际上它正确应该叫做散列算法。散列是不可逆的，也就是没有了"解密"这个说法。
下面给出MD5与SHA128散列的.Net的System.Web快速实现版：
using System;using System.Text;using System.IO;namespace 开发测试{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string user = MD5("admin"); string pass = MD5("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user); Console.WriteLine(pass); string user2 = SHA1("admin"); string pass2 = SHA1("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user2); Console.WriteLine(pass2); Console.ReadLine(); } //32位大写MD5散列 public static string MD5(string str) { return System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(str, "MD5").ToUpper(); } //大写SHA1散列 public static string SHA1(string str) { return System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(str, "SHA1").ToUpper(); } }}全面版：
using System;using System.Text;using System.IO;using System.Security.Cryptography;namespace 开发测试{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string user = MD5("admin"); string pass = MD5("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user); Console.WriteLine(pass); string user2 = SHA128("admin"); string pass2 = SHA128("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user2); Console.WriteLine(pass2); string user3 = SHA256("admin"); string pass3 = SHA256("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user3); Console.WriteLine(pass3); string user4 = SHA384("admin"); string pass4 = SHA384("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user4); Console.WriteLine(pass4); string user5 = SHA512("admin"); string pass5 = SHA512("999999"); Console.WriteLine(user5); Console.WriteLine(pass5); Console.ReadLine(); } //16字节,128位 public static string MD5(string str) { byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); MD5CryptoServiceProvider MD5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] byteArr = MD5.ComputeHash(buffer); return BitConverter.ToString(byteArr); } //20字节,160位 public static string SHA128(string str) { byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); SHA1CryptoServiceProvider SHA1 = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] byteArr = SHA1.ComputeHash(buffer); return BitConverter.ToString(byteArr); } //32字节,256位 public static string SHA256(string str) { byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); SHA256CryptoServiceProvider SHA256 = new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] byteArr = SHA256.ComputeHash(buffer); return BitConverter.ToString(byteArr); } //48字节,384位 public static string SHA384(string str) { byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); SHA384CryptoServiceProvider SHA384 = new SHA384CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] byteArr = SHA384.ComputeHash(buffer); return BitConverter.ToString(byteArr); } //64字节,512位 public static string SHA512(string str) { byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); SHA512CryptoServiceProvider SHA512 = new SHA512CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] byteArr = SHA512.ComputeHash(buffer); return BitConverter.ToString(byteArr); } }}
c# 加密/解密 哈希
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