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Android 如何导入已有的外部数据库

转载自:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowenji/archive/2011/01/03/1925014.html

 

我们平时见到的android数据库操作一般都是在程序开始时创建一个空的数据库,然后再进行相关操作。如果我们需要使用一个已有数据的数据库怎么办呢?
我们都知道android系统下数据库应该存放在 /data/data/com.*.*(package name)/ 目录下,所以我们需要做的是把已有的数据库传入那个目录下。操作方法是用FileInputStream读取原数据库,再用FileOutputStream把读取到的东西写入到那个目录。
操作方法:1. 把原数据库包括在项目源码的 res/raw 目录下,然后建立一个DBManager类,代码如下:

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package com.android.ImportDatabase;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
 
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
 
public class DBManager {
    private final int BUFFER_SIZE = 400000;
    public static final String DB_NAME = "countries.db"; //保存的数据库文件名
    public static final String PACKAGE_NAME = "com.android.ImportDatabase";
    public static final String DB_PATH = "/data"
            + Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/"
            + PACKAGE_NAME;  //在手机里存放数据库的位置
 
    private SQLiteDatabase database;
    private Context context;
 
    DBManager(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }
 
    public void openDatabase() {
        this.database = this.openDatabase(DB_PATH + "/" + DB_NAME);
    }
 
    private SQLiteDatabase openDatabase(String dbfile) {
        try {
            if (!(new File(dbfile).exists())) {  //判断数据库文件是否存在,若不存在则执行导入,否则直接打开数据库
                InputStream is = this.context.getResources().openRawResource(
                        R.raw.countries); //欲导入的数据库
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(dbfile);
                byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
                int count = 0;
                while ((count = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                    fos.write(buffer, 0, count);
                }
                fos.close();
                is.close();
            }
            SQLiteDatabase db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(dbfile,
                    null);
            return db;
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            Log.e("Database", "File not found");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e("Database", "IO exception");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
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//do something else here<br>
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    public void closeDatabase() {
        this.database.close();
    }
}

然后在程序的首个Activity中示例化一个DBManager对象,然后对其执行openDatabase方法就可以完成导入了,可以把一些要对数据库进行的操作写在DBManager类里,然后通过DBManager类的对象调用;也可以在完成导入之后通过一个SQliteDatabase类的对象打开数据库,并执行操作。

我的做法是 在程序的首个Activity中导入数据库:

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package com.android.ImportDatabase;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
 
public class RootView extends Activity {
 
    public DBManager dbHelper;
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    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
 
        dbHelper = new DBManager(this);
        dbHelper.openDatabase();
        dbHelper.closeDatabase();
 
    }
}

此时在DDMS中可以查看到,外部数据库已经成功导入

在需要使用数据库的类里:

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package com.android.ImportDatabase;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
 
public class TaxiActivity extends Activity {
 
    private SQLiteDatabase database;
        ArrayList<CityClass> CITY;
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
         
        database = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(DBManager.DB_PATH + "/" + DBManager.DB_NAME, null);
 
        CITY = getCity();
         
        // do something with CITY
 
        database.close();
    }
 
    private ArrayList<CityClass> getCity() {
         
        Cursor cur = database.rawQuery("SELECT city.id_city, city.name FROM taxi, city WHERE city.id_city = taxi.id_city GROUP BY city.id_city", null);
         
        if (cur != null) {
            int NUM_CITY = cur.getCount();
            ArrayList<CityClass> taxicity = new ArrayList<CityClass>(NUM_CITY);
            if (cur.moveToFirst()) {
                do {
                    String name = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("name"));
                    int id = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex("id_city"));
                    CityClass city = new CityClass("", 0);
                    System.out.println(name);  //额外添加一句,把select到的信息输出到Logcat
                    city.city_name = name;
                    city.city_id = id;
                    taxicity.add(city);
                } while (cur.moveToNext());
            }
            return taxicity;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

查看输出的结果:

如果导入的数据库大小有问题,或使用InputStream读取出错了,请看此贴 [iPhone/Android] 导入程序的数据库大小与原数据库大小不一致怎么办?

Android 如何导入已有的外部数据库