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Capistrano+Nginx+Unicorn 自动部署Rails

2024-07-19 04:10:33   222人阅读

配置你的服务器

你需要在你的服务器上安装Ruby的环境，你可以使用RVM或者是rbenv.

上传到github

这步需要将你的应用上传到github,在你的github上创建新的repository,然后在你本机代码位置执行下面的命令，初始化git仓库。 

git init
git add .
git commit -m"<message>"
git remote add origin git@github.com:<username>/<git repo>.git
git push origin master



安装Capistrano

在你的Gemfile里添加下面的一行。

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gem‘capistrano‘

然后执行

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bundle

在你的项目目录里执行

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capify .

执行结果

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examination-paper ? capify .                                                                                                                      git:master*
[add] writing‘./Capfile‘
[add] writing‘./config/deploy.rb‘
[done] capified!
创建了两个文件，你的Rails应用的配置文件写在config/deploy.rb里。下面是一个示例。
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require"bundler/capistrano"
 
# Define your server here
server"<server>",:web,:app,:db, primary:true
 
# Set application settings
set:application,"<app_name>"
set:user,"<deployment_user>"# As defined on your server
set:deploy_to,"/home/#{user}/apps/#{application}"# Directoryinwhich the deployment will take place
set:deploy_via,:remote_cache
set:use_sudo,false
 
set:scm,"git"
set:repository,"git@github.com:<git_user>/#{application}.git"
set:branch,"master"
 
default_run_options[:pty] =true
ssh_options[:forward_agent] =true
 
after"deploy","deploy:cleanup"# keep only the last 5 releases
 
namespace:deploydo
  %w[start stop restart].eachdo|command|
    desc"#{command} unicorn server"
    task command, roles::app, except: {no_release:true}do
      run"/etc/init.d/unicorn_#{application} #{command}"# Using unicorn as the app server
    end
  end
 
  task:setup_config, roles::appdo
    sudo"ln -nfs #{current_path}/config/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/#{application}"
    sudo"ln -nfs #{current_path}/config/unicorn_ini.sh /etc/init.d/unicorn_#{application}"
    run"mkdir -p #{shared_path}/config"
    putFile.read("config/database.yml"),"#{shared_path}/config/database.yml"
    puts"Now edit the config files in #{shared_path}."
  end
  after"deploy:setup","deploy:setup_config"
 
  task:symlink_config, roles::appdo
    run"ln -nfs #{shared_path}/config/database.yml #{release_path}/config/database.yml"
  end
  after"deploy:finalize_update","deploy:symlink_config"
 
  desc"Make sure local git is in sync with remote."
  task:check_revision, roles::webdo
    unless`git rev-parseHEAD` == `git rev-parse origin/master`
      puts"WARNING: HEAD is not the same as origin/master"
      puts"Run `git push` to sync changes."
      exit
    end
  end
  before"deploy","deploy:check_revision"
end
deploy.rb 文件，使用unicorn 作为server,配置文件nginx.conf和unicorn.rb 例子如下：
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upstream unicorn {
  server unix:/tmp/unicorn.<app_name>.sock fail_timeout=0;
}
 
server {
    listen 80 default deferred;
    server_name <your_servername>;
    if($host =‘<your_servername>‘) {
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://<your_servername>/$1 permanent;
    }
  root/home/deployer/apps/<app_name>/current/public;
 
  location ^~/assets/{
    gzip_static on;
    expires max;
    add_header Cache-Control public;
  }
 
  try_files $uri/index.html $uri @unicorn ;
   
  location @unicorn {
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_redirect off;
    proxy_pass http://unicorn;
  }
 
  error_page 500 502 503 504/500.html;
  client_max_body_size 4G;
  keepalive_timeout 10;
}
unicorn.rb
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# Define your root directory
root ="/home/deployer/apps/gifroll/current"
 
# Define worker directory for Unicorn
working_directory root
 
# Location of PID file
pid"#{root}/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid"
 
# Define Log paths
stderr_path"#{root}/log/unicorn.log"
stdout_path"#{root}/log/unicorn.log"
 
# Listen on a UNIX data socket
listen"/tmp/unicorn.gifroll.sock"
 
# 16 worker processes for production environment
worker_processes16
 
# Load rails before forking workers for better worker spawn time
preload_apptrue
 
# Restart workes hangin‘ out for more than 240 secs
timeout240

最后

在config目录里，创建unicorn_init.sh ，添加下面的内容
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#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          unicorn
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Manage unicorn server
# Description:       Start, stop, restart unicorn server for a specific application.
### END INIT INFO
set-e
 
# Feel free to change any of the following variables for your app:
TIMEOUT=${TIMEOUT-60}
APP_ROOT=/home/deployer/apps/<app_name>/current
PID=$APP_ROOT/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid
CMD="cd $APP_ROOT; bundle exec unicorn -D -c $APP_ROOT/config/unicorn.rb -E production"
AS_USER=<user>
set-u
 
OLD_PIN="$PID.oldbin"
 
sig () {
  test-s"$PID"&&kill-$1 `cat$PID`
}
 
oldsig () {
  test-s $OLD_PIN &&kill-$1 `cat$OLD_PIN`
}
 
run () {
  if["$(id -un)"="$AS_USER"];then
    eval$1
  else
    su-c"$1"- $AS_USER
  fi
}
 
case"$1"in
start)
  sig 0 &&echo>&2"Already running"&&exit0
  run"$CMD"
  ;;
stop)
  sig QUIT &&exit0
  echo>&2"Not running"
  ;;
force-stop)
  sig TERM &&exit0
  echo>&2"Not running"
  ;;
restart|reload)
  sig HUP &&echoreloaded OK &&exit0
  echo>&2"Couldn‘t reload, starting ‘$CMD‘ instead"
  run"$CMD"
  ;;
upgrade)
  ifsig USR2 &&sleep2 && sig 0 && oldsig QUIT
  then
    n=$TIMEOUT
    whiletest-s $OLD_PIN &&test$n -ge0
    do
      printf‘.‘&&sleep1 && n=$(( $n - 1 ))
    done
    echo
 
    iftest$n -lt 0 &&test-s $OLD_PIN
    then
      echo>&2"$OLD_PIN still exists after $TIMEOUT seconds"
      exit1
    fi
    exit0
  fi
  echo>&2"Couldn‘t upgrade, starting ‘$CMD‘ instead"
  run"$CMD"
  ;;
reopen-logs)
  sig USR1
  ;;
*)
  echo>&2"Usage: $0 <start|stop|restart|upgrade|force-stop|reopen-logs>"
  exit1
  ;;
esac
我们如何部署我们的应用呢？ 
把你最新的改动push到github,然后执行下面的命令
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cap deploy:setup
这个命令会在你的服务器   /<user>/apps/<app_name> 创建两个文件夹，然后把nginx和unicorn的配置文件链接到合适的位置。

你需要给服务器访问git 代码库的权限。
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ssh-add
执行下面的命令部署
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cap deploy:cold
cold部署会执行迁移并且重启web服务.

Capistrano+Nginx+Unicorn 自动部署Rails


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