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Java NIO 读数据处理过程
这两天仿hadoop 写java RPC框架,使用PB作为序列号工具,在写读数据的时候遇到一个小坑。之前写过NIO代码,恰好是错误的代码产生正确的逻辑,误以为自己写对了。现在简单整理一下。
使用NIO,select()到读事件时,要处理4种情况:
1. channel还有数据,继续读。
2. channel中暂时没数据,但channel还没断开,这是读取到的数据个数为0,结束读,继续到select()处阻塞等待数据。
3. 另一端channel.close()关闭连接,这时候读channel返回的读取数是-1,表示已经到末尾,跟读文件到末尾时是一样的。既然已经结束了,就把对应的SelectionKey给cancel掉,表示selector不再监听这个channel上的读事件。并且关闭连接,本端channel.close()。
4. 另一端被强制关闭,也就是channel没有close()就被强制断开了,这时候本端会抛出一个IOException异常,要处理这个异常。
之前对 另一端channel.close()关闭连接 没有细究,不清楚 读channel返回的读取数-1 是什么意思。然后没有cancel对应的SelectionKey,也没关闭连接,结果就是selector.select()一直返回读事件,但是没有数据。
直接贴服务器和客户端代码:
Server:
package socket;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.InetSocketAddress;import java.net.ServerSocket;import java.nio.ByteBuffer;import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;import java.nio.channels.Selector;import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.Set;public class NIOServer2 { private void startServer() throws IOException { Selector selector = Selector.open(); { ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open(); ssc.configureBlocking(false); ServerSocket ss = ssc.socket(); InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(9000); ss.bind(address); System.out.println("ssc 0 : " + ssc); System.out.println("ss 0 : " + ss); SelectionKey acceptKey = ssc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT); System.out.println("acceptKey: " + acceptKey); printKeyInfo(acceptKey); System.out.println("Going to listen on 9000"); } while (true) { System.out.println("===================================\nstart select..."); int num = selector.select(); System.out.println("NIOServer: Number of keys after select operation: " + num); Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys(); Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selectionKeys.iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { SelectionKey key = it.next(); System.out.println("key: " + key); printKeyInfo(key); it.remove(); if ((key.readyOps() & SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT) == SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT) { System.out.println("select ACCEPT"); ServerSocketChannel ssc = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel(); SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept(); sc.configureBlocking(false); System.out.println("ssc 1 : " + ssc); System.out.println("sc 1 : " + sc); SelectionKey newKey = sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ); System.out.println("new key:" + newKey); printKeyInfo(newKey); } else if ((key.readyOps() & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ) {// System.out.println("select READ");// System.out.print("before cancel:");printKeyInfo(key);// key.cancel();// System.out.println("after cancel:");printKeyInfo(key); SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) key.channel(); System.out.println("sc 2 : " + sc); //echo data //下面的处理是正确的,count<0则cancel key。count=0则进入下一轮select()阻塞等待数据。// try {// int count = doRead(key);// if (count < 0) {// key.cancel();// System.out.println("cancel key for < 0");// sc.read(ByteBuffer.allocate(2));// }// } catch(IOException e) {// e.printStackTrace();// key.cancel();// System.out.println("cancel key");// } //下面的处理过程是错误的,偶然情况下会出现正确逻辑。在客户端连续写,写完马上关闭连接,这时下面代码能打印出客户端的输出, //客户端关闭连接,下面的代码马上爆出异常,是这行代码。java.io.IOException: 您的主机中的软件中止了一个已建立的连接。// int nbytes = 0;// ByteBuffer echoBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(16);// while (true) {// echoBuffer.clear();// int r = sc.read(echoBuffer);// System.out.println(new String(echoBuffer.array()));// if (r <= 0) break;// echoBuffer.flip();// sc.write(echoBuffer);// nbytes += r;// }// System.out.println("echoed " + nbytes + " from " + sc); //下面的是处理过程是正确的。正确的做法就是对读取到n,0,-1分别处理,还要对客户端强制关闭的异常做处理 while (true) { ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2); buffer.clear(); int r; try { r = sc.read(buffer); System.out.println("r = " + r); System.out.println(new String(buffer.array())); if (r < 0) { //客户端socket.close()会到这里,读取数r=-1 key.cancel(); System.out.println("cancel key for < 0"); break; } else if (r == 0) { //客户端socket没有关闭,而channel没有数据,数据数r=0。 //有时候select()返回了,但channel不一定有数据。可能select()是被其他方法唤醒 break; } } catch (IOException e) { //客户端强制关闭会来这里报异常 e.printStackTrace(); key.cancel(); System.out.println("cancel key for Exception"); break; } }//while }// if ... else if// try {// Thread.sleep(500);// } catch (InterruptedException e) {// e.printStackTrace();// } }//while }//while } private int doRead(SelectionKey key) throws IOException { SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel(); while (true) { int count = -1; ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2); if (buffer.remaining() > 0) { count = channel.read(buffer); System.out.println("count = " + count); if (count <= 0) return count; } } } private static void printKeyInfo(SelectionKey sk) { String s = new String(); s = "Att: " + (sk.attachment() == null ? "no" : "yes"); s += ", Read: " + sk.isReadable(); s += ", Acpt: " + sk.isAcceptable(); s += ", Cnct: " + sk.isConnectable(); s += ", Wrt: " + sk.isWritable(); s += ", Valid: " + sk.isValid(); s += ", interestOps: " + sk.interestOps(); s += ", readyOps: " + sk.readyOps(); System.out.println(s); } public static void main(String[] args) { try { new NIOServer2().startServer(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
Client:
package socket;import java.io.DataOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.Socket;import java.net.UnknownHostException;public class SocketClient { public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException, InterruptedException { Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 9000); DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream()); byte[] bytes = "fdfd".getBytes();// System.out.println("send fdfd"); out.write(bytes); out.flush(); // Thread.sleep(15*1000); // System.out.println("send loll"); out.write("loull".getBytes()); out.flush(); // Thread.sleep(1*1000); socket.close(); System.out.println("client socket close"); }}
浪费了一些时间,一方面因为自己对网络编程不够熟悉,比如不清楚-1什么意思。另一方面Java NIO的API还是略显难用。
Java NIO 读数据处理过程
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