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GTK3学习笔记4 Drawing
原文介绍可见这里。
这篇介绍一个很好玩的窗口,一个可以进行绘图的窗口。换句话说,就是你已经可以做一个简单的绘图软件了!
效果见下面的动画:
虽然很粗糙,不过,做出这么个简单的绘图窗口算是很有成就感了吧。
关于代码:
不过代码也是比较长的,我将原文中的代码分成了两部分,即头文件mygtk.h和源程序main.c。
mygtk.h:
#ifndef MYGTK_H_INCLUDED #define MYGTK_H_INCLUDED /* 建立一个surface(我翻译为“表面”),用于存储当前的涂鸦*/ static cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL; /* 摘自cairo.h,A cairo_surface_t represents an image, either as the destination * of a drawing operation or as source when drawing onto another * surface. To draw to a #cairo_surface_t, create a cairo context * with the surface as the target, using cairo_create().*/ /* 将 surface 初始化为白色*/ static void clear_surface (void) { cairo_t *cr; cr = cairo_create (surface); cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 1, 1, 1); cairo_paint (cr); cairo_destroy (cr); } /* 创造一个新的、大小适当的 surface 去存储我们的涂鸦 */ static gboolean configure_event_cb (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventConfigure *event, gpointer data) { if (surface) cairo_surface_destroy (surface); surface = gdk_window_create_similar_surface (gtk_widget_get_window (widget), CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR, gtk_widget_get_allocated_width (widget), gtk_widget_get_allocated_height (widget)); /* 将 surface 初始化为白色*/ clear_surface (); /* 我们做了处理后,不必再做进一步的处理 */ return TRUE; } /*通过 surface 重绘屏幕。 * 接收一个现有的 cairo_t 对象,绘制widget的暴露部分。 */ static gboolean draw_cb (GtkWidget *widget, cairo_t *cr, gpointer data) { cairo_set_source_surface (cr, surface, 0, 0); cairo_paint (cr); return FALSE; } /*在指定的位置绘制一个矩形 */ static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y) { cairo_t *cr; /* Paint to the surface, where we store our state */ cr = cairo_create (surface); cairo_rectangle (cr, x - 3, y - 3, 6, 6); cairo_fill (cr); cairo_destroy (cr); /* Now invalidate the affected region of the drawing area. */ gtk_widget_queue_draw_area (widget, x - 3, y - 3, 6, 6); } /* Handle button press events by either drawing a rectangle * or clearing the surface, depending on which button was pressed. * The ::button-press signal handler receives a GdkEventButton * struct which contains this information. */ static gboolean button_press_event_cb (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventButton *event, gpointer data) { /* paranoia check, in case we haven't gotten a configure event */ if (surface == NULL) return FALSE; if (event->button == GDK_BUTTON_PRIMARY) { draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y); } else if (event->button == GDK_BUTTON_SECONDARY) { clear_surface (); gtk_widget_queue_draw (widget); } /* We've handled the event, stop processing */ return TRUE; } /* Handle motion events by continuing to draw if button 1 is * still held down. The ::motion-notify signal handler receives * a GdkEventMotion struct which contains this information. */ static gboolean motion_notify_event_cb (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventMotion *event, gpointer data) { /* paranoia check, in case we haven't gotten a configure event */ if (surface == NULL) return FALSE; if (event->state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK) draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y); /* We've handled it, stop processing */ return TRUE; } static void close_window (void) { if (surface) cairo_surface_destroy (surface); gtk_main_quit (); } #endif // MYGTK_H_INCLUDED
main.c:
#include <gtk/gtk.h> #include "mygtk.h" int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget *window, *frame, *da; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); /* 构图 */ window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Drawing Area"); g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (close_window), NULL); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 8); frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL); gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame); da = gtk_drawing_area_new (); /* set a minimum size */ gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, 100, 100); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da); /* Signals used to handle the backing surface */ g_signal_connect (da, "draw", G_CALLBACK (draw_cb), NULL); /*信号“ configure-event“被发射了 , *则所绑定构件的大小、位置与次序栈都被捕获了。 */ g_signal_connect (da,"configure-event", G_CALLBACK (configure_event_cb), NULL); /* Event signals */ g_signal_connect (da, "motion-notify-event", G_CALLBACK (motion_notify_event_cb), NULL); g_signal_connect (da, "button-press-event", G_CALLBACK (button_press_event_cb), NULL); /* Ask to receive events the drawing area doesn't normally * subscribe to. In particular, we need to ask for the * button press and motion notify events that want to handle. */ gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da) | GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }
这里需要做些说明:
对于头文件中的后两个函数我还没有弄得太懂,不过大致跟按钮press捕捉有关,至于其详细特性,需要查看头文件中的声明。如果在codeblocks中查找声明显示找不到,应该是编译器选项的搜索路径没有添加上或者添加完全,大致应该如图:
即:添加你的GTK目录下include的所有目录及其子目录到搜索路径,这样就能找到函数声明了。
GTK3学习笔记4 Drawing
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