题目链接：uva 11019 - Matrix Matcher

题目大意：给出一个n?m的字符矩阵T，要求找出给定r?c的字符矩阵P在T中出现的次数。

解题思路：对P矩阵中的每一行做一个字符串，形成一个字符串集合。构建AC自动机，然后对T矩阵中的每一行进行一次查找，对应出现在该字符串中的子串对应位置+1，如果有一个位置上r次匹配，那么就存在一个匹配矩阵。

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int maxn = 1005;
const int maxl = 10005;
const int sigma_size = 127;

char s[maxn][maxn];
int N, M, R, C;

struct Aho_Corasick {
    int sz;
    int ac[maxl][sigma_size];
    int vn[maxl], val[maxl][105];
    int fail[maxl], last[maxl];
    int cnt[maxn][maxn];

    void init ();
    int idx (char ch);

    void insert (int x, char* str);
    void get_fail ();
    void find (int id, int c, char *str);
    void count_ans(int x, int y, int u);
}ac_map;

void init () {
    char word[105];
    scanf("%d%d", &N, &M);

    for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
        scanf("%s", s[i]);

    ac_map.init();

    scanf("%d%d", &R, &C);
    for (int i = 1; i <= R; i++) {
        scanf("%s", word);
        ac_map.insert(i, word);
    }
    ac_map.get_fail();
}

int solve () {
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
        ac_map.find(i, C, s[i]);

    int ret = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
            if (ac_map.cnt[i][j] == R)
                ret++;
    return ret;
}

int main () {
    int cas;
    scanf("%d", &cas);
    while (cas--) {
        init();
        printf("%d\n", solve());
    }
    return 0;
}

void Aho_Corasick::init () {
    sz = 1;
    vn[0] = 0;
    memset(ac[0], 0, sizeof(ac[0]));
    memset(cnt, 0, sizeof(cnt));
}

int Aho_Corasick::idx (char ch) {
    return ch;
}

void Aho_Corasick::insert (int x, char* str) {
    int n = strlen(str), u = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int v = idx(str[i]);

        if (ac[u][v] == 0) {
            vn[sz] = 0;
            memset(ac[sz], 0, sizeof(ac[sz]));
            ac[u][v] = sz++;
        }
        u = ac[u][v];
    }
    val[u][vn[u]++] = x;
}

void Aho_Corasick::get_fail () {
    fail[0] = 0;
    queue<int> que;

    for (int i = 0; i < sigma_size; i++) {
        int u = ac[0][i];
        if (u) {
            fail[u] = last[u] = 0;
            que.push(u);
        }
    }

    while (!que.empty()) {
        int r = que.front();
        que.pop();

        for (int i = 0; i < sigma_size; i++) {
            int u = ac[r][i];

            if (u == 0) {
                ac[r][i] = ac[fail[r]][i];
                continue;
            }

            que.push(u);
            int v = fail[r];
            while (v && ac[v][i] == 0)
                v = fail[v];
            fail[u] = ac[v][i];
            last[u] = vn[fail[u]] ? fail[u] : last[fail[u]];
        }
    }
}

void Aho_Corasick::count_ans (int x, int y, int u) {
    if (u) {
        for (int i = 0; i < vn[u]; i++)
            if (x >= val[u][i])
                cnt[x - val[u][i]][y]++;
        count_ans(x, y, last[u]);
    }
}

void Aho_Corasick::find(int x, int y, char* str) { 
    int n = strlen(str), u = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int v = idx(str[i]);
        u = ac[u][v];

        if (vn[u])
            count_ans(x, i - y + 1, u);
        else if (last[u])
            count_ans(x, i - y + 1, last[u]);
    }
}

uva 11019 - Matrix Matcher(AC自动机)