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各大主流.Net的IOC框架性能测试比较

 在上一篇中,我简单介绍了下Autofac的使用,有人希望能有个性能上的测试,考虑到有那么多的IOC框架,而主流的有:Castle Windsor、微软企业库中的Unity、Spring.NET、StructureMap、Ninject等等。本篇文章主要针对这些IOC框架编写测试程序。

 

Autofac下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/autofac/

Castle Windsor下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/castleproject/files/Windsor/2.5/Castle.Windsor.2.5.3.zip/download

Unity下载地址:http://entlib.codeplex.com/

Spring.NET下载地址:http://www.springframework.net/

StructureMap下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/structuremap/files/

Ninject下载地址:http://ninject.org/download

其中,测试程序均采用最新的类库。

 

基础工作

1、程序还是引用上一篇的示例作为测试背景。

 

2、编写一个性能计数器,这里我采用老赵写的一个CodeTimer的类,具体介绍见:http://www.cnblogs.com/JeffreyZhao/archive/2009/03/10/codetimer.html

使用方式类似于:

int iteration = 100 * 1000;string s = ""; CodeTimer.Time("String Concat", iteration, () => { s += "a"; }); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); CodeTimer.Time("StringBuilder", iteration, () => { sb.Append("a"); });

 

3、编写一个IRunner运行接口:

public interface IRunner {     void Start(RunType runType); }

以及RunnerBase抽象基础运行类:

public abstract class RunnerBase {     private int _iteration = Convert.ToInt32(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["Iteration"] ?? "10000");     internal int Iteration     {         get { return _iteration; }     }
    internal void Time(Action action)     {         CodeTimer.Time(Name, Iteration, action);     }
    protected abstract string Name { get; } }

这里_iteration表示测试运行次数,通过配置文件来设置值。Time方法通过计数器对action方法进行Iteration次迭代。

 

编写一个RunManager的运行管理器:

public class RunManager {     public static void Start(IRunner runner)     {         Start(runner, RunType.Transient);     }
    public static void Start(IRunner runner, RunType runType)     {         runner.Start(runType);     } }

在测试中,我采用两种方式的性能比较,一个是单例状态,一个是非单例状态:

/// <summary> /// 运行状态 /// </summary> public enum RunType {     /// <summary>     /// 单例     /// </summary>     Singleton,
    /// <summary>     /// 瞬时     /// </summary>     Transient }

好了,现在我的程序只要继承RunnerBase以及IRunnre接口,就可以实现各个IOC框架的初始化装配的工作了。基础工作已经做好。

 

各个IOC框架测试程序

1、Autofac

public class AutofacRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner {     protected override string Name     {         get { return "Autofac"; }     }
    public void Start(RunType runType)     {         var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
        //if (runType == RunType.Singleton)         //    builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>().SingleInstance();         //else         //    builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>();         //builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();         ////builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac"));         builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();         if (runType == RunType.Singleton)             builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())).SingleInstance();         else             builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>())); 
        var container = builder.Build();
        Time(() =>         {             var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();             manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");         });
        container.Dispose();     } }

 

2、Castle Windsor

public class WindsorRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner {     protected override string Name     {         get { return "Castle Windsor"; }     }
    public void Start(RunType runType)     {         var container = new WindsorContainer();         if(runType == RunType.Singleton)             container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Singleton);         else             container.Register(Component.For(typeof(DatabaseManager)).LifeStyle.Transient);
        container.Register(Component.For(typeof(IDatabase)).ImplementedBy(typeof(SqlDatabase)));
        Time(() =>         {             var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();             manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");         });     } }

 

3、Unity

public class UnityRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner {     protected override string Name     {         get { return "Unity"; }     }
    public void Start(RunType runType)     {         var container = new UnityContainer();         if(runType == RunType.Singleton)             container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());         else             container.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>(new TransientLifetimeManager());         container.RegisterType<IDatabase, SqlDatabase>();
        Time(() =>             {                 var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();                 manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");             });     } }

 

4、Spring.NET

public class SpringRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner {     protected override string Name     {         get { return "Spring.NET"; }     }
    public void Start(RunType runType)     {         string databaseManagerName;         if (runType == RunType.Singleton)             databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Singleton";         else             databaseManagerName = "DatabaseManager_Transient";
        Time(() =>         {             IApplicationContext context = ContextRegistry.GetContext();             var manager = (DatabaseManager)context.GetObject(databaseManagerName);             manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");         });     } }

 

5、StructureMap

public class StructureMapRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner {     protected override string Name     {         get { return "StructureMap"; }     }
    public void Start(RunType runType)     {         ObjectFactory.Initialize(container =>         {             if (runType == RunType.Singleton)                 container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>().Singleton();             else                 container.ForRequestedType<DatabaseManager>();             container.ForRequestedType<IDatabase>().TheDefaultIsConcreteType<SqlDatabase>();         });
        Time(() =>             {                 var manager = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<DatabaseManager>();                 manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");             });     } }

 

6、Ninject

public class NinjectRunner : RunnerBase, IRunner {     protected override string Name     {         get { return "Ninject"; }     }
    public void Start(RunType runType)     {         IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel(new MyNinjectModule(runType));
        Time(() =>         {             var manager = kernel.Get<DatabaseManager>();             manager.Search("SELECT * FROM USER");         });     } }

 

客户端测试程序

static void Main(string[] args) {     CodeTimer.Initialize();
    Console.WriteLine("IOC - Singleton");     // Autofac Singleton     RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Singleton);            // Castle Windsor     RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Singleton);     // Unity     RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Singleton);     // Spring.NET     RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Singleton);     // StructureMap     RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Singleton);     // Ninject     RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Singleton);
    Console.WriteLine("===================================");     Console.WriteLine("IOC - Transient");     // Autofac Singleton     RunManager.Start(new AutofacRunner(), RunType.Transient);     // Castle Windsor     RunManager.Start(new WindsorRunner(), RunType.Transient);     // Unity     RunManager.Start(new UnityRunner(), RunType.Transient);     // Spring.NET     RunManager.Start(new SpringRunner(), RunType.Transient);     // StructureMap     RunManager.Start(new StructureMapRunner(), RunType.Transient);     // Ninject     RunManager.Start(new NinjectRunner(), RunType.Transient);
    Console.ReadKey(); }

通过修改App.config的Iteration配置值,来设置迭代次数。

<appSettings>   <add key="Iteration" value="100000" /> </appSettings>

 

运行结果

1、Iteration=1000:

image

分析:在千数量级时,Autofac,CastleWindsor、StructureMap基本差不多,效率上比其他的要高。

 

2、Iteration=10000:

image

分析:在万数量级时,Autofac,CastleWindsor,StructureMap基本效率还是差不多,其中StructureMap效率稍稍有些下降;Spring.NET以及Ninject的性能比较低。

 

3、Iteration=100000:

image

分析:在十万数量级时,CastleWindsor的效率开始下降,而在Transient方面,StructureMap和Autofac基本差不多。

 

4、Iteration=1000000:

image

分析:在百万数量级时,Autofac和StructureMap两者还是保持比较高的效率,并且在Transient方面,StructureMap已经超过了Autofac。

 

总结:从测试中,可以看出Autofac和StructureMap在性能上面还是体现出比较大的优势,Ninject可以说性能上较低。而Spring.NET不仅仅专注于IOC方面,它还专注于其他方方面面的功能,所以在IOC方面的性能不是太高。另外,微软的Unity中规中矩,性能较为稳定,也是一个不错的选择。另外,可能测试程序会有所偏差,希望大家也能够指出问题!

 

测试程序源代码:IOCPerformanceTest.rar

各大主流.Net的IOC框架性能测试比较