首页 > 代码库 > Python基本数据类型（二）
Python基本数据类型（二）
一、str的函数说明
class str(basestring):
"""
str(object=‘‘) -> string
Python2和Python3的用法一致，在Python2中，主要将参数以字符串形式进行返回，如果参数是字符串，则直接返回；
在Python3中，主要为给定对象创建一个新的字符串对象，如果指定了错误的编码，则必须为对象指定数据缓冲区来处理错误编码；否则，返回the result of object.__str__() (if defined) or repr(object)的报错； 默认的encoding为sys.getdefaultencoding()；默认的错误类型为"strict"；
"""
def capitalize(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.capitalize() -> string
首字母变大写；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> x.capitalize()
‘Abc‘
"""
return ""
def casefold(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.casefold() -> str
把字符串变成小写，用于不区分大小写的字符串比较，与lower()的区别，在汉语、英语环境下面，继续用lower()没问题；要处理其它语言且存在大小写情况的时候需用casefold()； （Python3新增）
例如：
>>> name = ‘Test User‘
>>> name.casefold()
‘test user‘
"""
return ""
def center(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string
内容居中，width：总长度；fillchar：空白处填充内容，默认无；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> x.center(50,‘*‘)
‘***********************abc************************‘
"""
return ""
def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
用于统计字符串里某个字符出现的次数，可选参数为在字符串搜索的开始与结束位置，即sub参数表示搜索的子字符串；start参数表示字符串开始搜索的位置，默认为第一个字符,第一个字符索引值为0；end参数表示字符串中结束搜索的位置，字符中第一个字符的索引为 0，默认为字符串的最后一个位置；
例如：
>>> x = ‘caaaaaaaab‘
>>> x.count(‘a‘)
8
>>> x.count(‘a‘,1,7)
6
"""
return 0
def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
以encoding指定的编码格式解码字符串，默认编码为字符串编码；即encoding参数指要使用的编码，如"UTF-8"；errors参数指设置不同错误的处理方案，默认为 ‘strict‘,意为编码错误引起一个UnicodeError，其他值有 ‘ignore‘, ‘replace‘, ‘xmlcharrefreplace‘, ‘backslashreplace‘ 以及通过 codecs.register_error() 注册的任何值； （Python2特有，Python3已删除）
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> str = str.encode(‘base64‘,‘strict‘)
>>> print ‘Encoded String: ‘ + str
Encoded String: dGhpcyBpcyBzdHJpbmcgZXhhbXBsZSE=
>>> print ‘Decoded String: ‘ + str.decode(‘base64‘,‘strict‘)
Decoded String: this is string example!
"""
return object()
def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
以encoding指定的编码格式编码字符串，errors参数可以指定不同的错误处理方案；即encoding参数指要使用的编码，如"UTF-8"；errors参数指设置不同错误的处理方案，默认为 ‘strict‘,意为编码错误引起一个UnicodeError，其他值有 ‘ignore‘, ‘replace‘, ‘xmlcharrefreplace‘, ‘backslashreplace‘ 以及通过codecs.register_error()注册的任何值；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print ‘Encoded String: ‘ + str.encode(‘base64‘,‘strict‘)
Encoded String: dGhpcyBpcyBzdHJpbmcgZXhhbXBsZSE=
"""
return object()
def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
用于判断字符串是否以指定后缀结尾，如果以指定后缀结尾返回True，否则返回False，可选参数"start"与"end"为检索字符串的开始与结束位置；即suffix参数指该参数可以是一个字符串或者是一个元素，start参数指字符串中的开始位置，end参数指字符中结束位置；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.endswith(‘e‘)
False
>>> print str.endswith(‘e!‘)
True
>>> print str.endswith(‘e!‘,3)
True
>>> print str.endswith(‘e!‘,3,8)
False
"""
return False
def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string
把字符串中的tab符号(‘\t‘)转为空格，tab符号(‘\t‘)默认的空格数是8，其中tabsize参数指定转换字符串中的tab符号(‘\t‘)转为空格的字符数；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is\tstring example!‘
>>> print ‘Original string: ‘ + str
Original string: this is string example!
>>> print ‘Defualt exapanded tab: ‘ + str.expandtabs()
Defualt exapanded tab: this is string example!
>>> print ‘Double exapanded tab: ‘ + str.expandtabs(16)
Double exapanded tab: this is string example!
"""
return ""
def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
检测字符串中是否包含子字符串str，如果指定beg（开始）和end（结束）范围，则检查是否包含在指定范围内，如果包含子字符串返回开始的索引值，否则返回-1；即str参数指定检索的字符串；beg参数指开始索引，默认为0；end参数指结束索引，默认为字符串的长度；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> str.find(‘ex‘)
15
>>> str.find(‘ex‘,10)
15
>>> str.find(‘ex‘,40)
-1
"""
return 0
def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
"""
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string
执行字符串格式化操作，替换字段使用{}分隔，替换字段可以是表示位置的位置或keyword参数名字；其中args指要替换的参数1，kwargs指要替换的参数2；
例如：
>>> ‘{0}, {1}, {2}‘.format(‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘)
‘a, b, c‘
>>> ‘{}, {}, {}‘.format(‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘)
‘a, b, c‘
>>> ‘{2}, {1}, {0}‘.format(‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘)
‘c, b, a‘
>>> ‘{0}{1}{0}‘.format(‘abra‘, ‘cad‘)
‘abracadabra‘
>>> ‘Coordinates: {latitude}, {longitude}‘.format(latitude=‘37.24N‘, longitude=‘-115.81W‘)
‘Coordinates: 37.24N, -115.81W‘
>>> coord = {‘latitude‘: ‘37.24N‘, ‘longitude‘: ‘-115.81W‘}
>>> ‘Coordinates: {latitude}, {longitude}‘.format(**coord)
‘Coordinates: 37.24N, -115.81W‘
>>> coord = (3, 5)
>>> ‘X: {0[0]}; Y: {0[1]}‘.format(coord)
‘X: 3; Y: 5‘
>>> str = ‘HOW {0} {1} WORKS‘
>>> print(str.format("Python", 3))
HOW Python 3 WORKS
>>> str = ‘HOW {soft} {Version} WORKS‘
>>> print(str.format(soft = ‘Python‘, Version = 2.7))
HOW Python 2.7 WORKS
"""
pass
def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.format_map(mapping) -> str
执行字符串格式化操作，替换字段使用{}分隔，同str.format(**mapping), 除了直接使用mapping，而不复制到一个dict； （Python3新增）
例如：
>>> str = ‘HOW {soft} {Version} WORKS‘
>>> soft = ‘Python‘
>>> Version = 2.7
>>> print (str.format_map(vars()))
HOW Python 2.7 WORKS
"""
return ""
def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
检测字符串中是否包含子字符串str，如果指定beg（开始）和end（结束）范围，则检查是否包含在指定范围内，该方法与python find()方法一样，只不过如果str不在string中会报一个异常；即str参数指定检索的字符串；beg参数指开始索引，默认为0；end参数指结束索引，默认为字符串的长度；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.index(‘ex‘)
15
>>> print str.index(‘ex‘,10)
15
>>> print str.index(‘ex‘,40)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: substring not found
"""
return 0
def isalnum(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isalnum() -> bool
检测字符串是否由字母和数字组成，返回布尔值；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this2009‘
>>> print str.isalnum()
True
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.isalnum()
False
"""
return False
def isalpha(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isalpha() -> bool
检测字符串是否只由字母组成，返回布尔值，所有字符都是字母则返回 True,否则返回 False；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this2009‘
>>> print str.isalpha()
False
>>> str = ‘this is string example‘
>>> print str.isalpha()
False
>>> str = ‘this‘
>>> print str.isalpha()
True
"""
return False
def isdecimal(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isdecimal() -> bool
检查字符串是否只包含十进制字符，这种方法只存在于unicode对象,返回布尔值，如果字符串是否只包含十进制字符返回True，否则返回False； （Python3新增）
注：定义一个十进制字符串，只需要在字符串前添加‘u‘前缀即可；
例如：
>>> str = u‘this2009‘
>>> print (str.isdecimal())
False
>>> str = u‘22342009‘
>>> print (str.isdecimal())
True
"""
return False
def isidentifier(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isidentifier() -> bool
判断字符串是否是合法的标识符，字符串仅包含中文字符合法，实际上这里判断的是变量名是否合法，返回布尔值； （Python3新增）
例如：
>>> str = ‘Python3‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
True
>>> str = ‘_123‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
True
>>> str = ‘123‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
False
>>> str = ‘‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
False
>>> str = ‘123_‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
False
>>> str = ‘#123‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
False
>>> str = ‘a123_‘
>>> print(str.isidentifier())
True
>>> #123 = ‘a‘
...
>>> 123_ = ‘a‘
File "<stdin>", line 1
123_ = ‘a‘
^
SyntaxError: invalid token
"""
return False
def isdigit(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isdigit() -> bool
检测字符串是否只由数字组成，返回布尔值，如果字符串只包含数字则返回 True 否则返回 False；
例如：
>>> str = ‘123456‘
>>> print str.isdigit()
True
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.isdigit()
False
"""
return False
def islower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.islower() -> bool
检测字符串是否由小写字母组成，返回布尔值，所有字符都是小写，则返回True，否则返回False；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.islower()
True
>>> str = ‘This is string example!‘
>>> print str.islower()
False
"""
return False
def isnumeric(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isnumeric() -> bool
检测字符串是否只由数字组成，这种方法是只针对unicode对象，返回布尔值，如果字符串中只包含数字字符，则返回True，否则返回False； （Python3新增）
注：定义一个字符串为Unicode，只需要在字符串前添加‘u‘前缀即可；
例如：
>>> str = u‘this2009‘
>>> print (str.isnumeric())
False
>>> str = u‘22342009‘
>>> print (str.isnumeric())
True
"""
return False
def isprintable(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isprintable() -> bool
判断字符串的所有字符都是可打印字符或字符串为空，返回布尔值； （Python3新增）
例如：
>>> str = ‘abc123‘
>>> print (str.isprintable())
True
>>> str = ‘123\t‘
>>> print (str.isprintable())
False
>>> str = ‘‘
>>> print (str.isprintable())
True
"""
return False
def isspace(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isspace() -> bool
检测字符串是否只由空格组成，返回布尔值，字符串中只包含空格，则返回True，否则返回False；
例如：
>>> str = ‘ ‘
>>> print str.isspace()
True
>>> str = ‘This is string example!‘
>>> print str.isspace()
False
"""
return False
def istitle(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.istitle() -> bool
检测字符串中所有的单词拼写首字母是否为大写，且其他字母为小写，返回布尔值，如果字符串中所有的单词拼写首字母是否为大写，且其他字母为小写则返回True，否则返回False；
例如：
>>> str = ‘This Is String Example!‘
>>> print (str.istitle())
True
>>> str = ‘This Is String example!‘
>>> print (str.istitle())
False
"""
return False
def isupper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isupper() -> bool
检测字符串中所有的字母是否都为大写，返回布尔值，如果字符串中包含至少一个区分大小写的字符，并且所有这些(区分大小写的)字符都是大写，则返回True，否则返回False；
例如：
>>> str = ‘THIS IS STRING EXAMPLE!‘
>>> print (str.isupper())
True
>>> str = ‘This Is String example!‘
>>> print (str.istitle())
False
"""
return False
def join(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.join(iterable) -> string
用于将序列中的元素以指定的字符连接生成一个新的字符串，其中sequence参数指要连接的元素序列；
例如：
>>> str1 = ‘-‘
>>> str2 = (‘a‘,‘b‘,‘c‘)
>>> print str1.join(str2)
a-b-c
"""
return ""
def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
返回一个原字符串左对齐,并使用空格填充至指定长度的新字符串，如果指定的长度小于原字符串的长度则返回原字符串，其中width参数指指定字符串长度，fillchar参数指填充字符，默认为空格；
>>> str = ‘This Is String example!‘
>>> print str.ljust(50,‘0‘)
This Is String example!000000000000000000000000000
"""
return ""
def lower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.lower() -> string
转换字符串中所有大写字符为小写，返回将字符串中所有大写字符转换为小写后生成的字符串；
例如：
>>> str = ‘THIS IS STRING EXAMPLE!‘
>>> print str.lower()
this is string example!
"""
return ""
def maketrans(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Return a translation table usable for str.translate().
用于创建字符映射的转换表，并通过str.translate()进行返回，对于接受两个参数的最简单的调用方式，第一个参数是字符串，表示需要转换的字符，第二个参数也是字符串表示转换的目标；即intab参数指字符串中要替代的字符组成的字符串，outtab参数指相应的映射字符的字符串； （Python3新增）
注：两个字符串的长度必须相同，为一一对应的关系；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> intab = ‘aeiou‘
>>> outtab = ‘12345‘
>>> tarn = str.maketrans(intab,outtab)
>>> print (str.translate(tarn))
th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2!
>>> tarn = str.maketrans(‘aeiou‘,‘12345‘)
>>> print (str.translate(tarn))
th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2!
"""
pass
def lstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
用于截掉字符串左边的空格或指定字符，返回截掉字符串左边的空格或指定字符后生成的新字符串，其中chars参数指指定截取的字符；
例如：
>>> str = ‘ This Is String example!‘
>>> print str.lstrip()
This Is String example!
>>> str = ‘88888888This Is String example!88888888‘
>>> print str.lstrip(‘8‘)
This Is String example!88888888
"""
return ""
def partition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
用来根据指定的分隔符将字符串进行分割，如果字符串包含指定的分隔符，则返回一个3元的元组，第一个为分隔符左边的子串，第二个为分隔符本身，第三个为分隔符右边的子串；其中sep参数指指定的分隔符；
例如：
>>> str = ‘http://434727.blog.51cto.com/‘
>>> print str.partition(‘://‘)
(‘http‘, ‘://‘, ‘434727.blog.51cto.com/‘)
"""
pass
def replace(self, old, new, count=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string
把字符串中的old（旧字符串）替换成new(新字符串)，如果指定第三个参数count，则替换不超过count次；
>>> str = ‘this is string example! this is really string‘
>>> print str.replace(‘is‘, ‘was‘)
thwas was string example! thwas was really string
>>> print str.replace(‘is‘, ‘was‘,3)
thwas was string example! thwas is really string
"""
return ""
def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
返回字符串最后一次出现的位置，如果没有匹配项则返回-1，其中sub参数指查找的字符串；beg参数指开始查找的位置，默认为0；end参数指结束查找位置，默认为字符串的长度；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.rfind(‘is‘)
5
>>> print str.rfind(‘is‘,0,10)
5
>>> print str.rfind(‘is‘,10,0)
-1
"""
return 0
def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
返回子字符串在字符串中最后出现的位置，如果没有匹配的字符串会报异常，其中sub参数指查找的字符串；beg参数指开始查找的位置，默认为0；end 参数指结束查找位置，默认为字符串的长度；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.rindex(‘is‘)
5
>>> print str.rindex(‘is‘,0,10)
5
>>> print str.rindex(‘is‘,10,0)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: substring not found
"""
return 0
def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
返回一个原字符串右对齐,并使用空格填充至长度width的新字符串，如果指定的长度小于字符串的长度则返回原字符串；其中width参数指填充指定字符后中字符串的总长度；fillchar参数指填充的字符，默认为空格；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.rjust(50,‘0‘)
000000000000000000000000000this is string example!
"""
return ""
def rpartition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
从后往前查找，返回包含字符串中分隔符之前、分隔符、分隔符之后的子字符串的元组；如果没找到分隔符，返回字符串和两个空字符串；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.rpartition(‘st‘)
(‘this is ‘, ‘st‘, ‘ring example!‘)
>>> print str.rpartition(‘is‘)
(‘this ‘, ‘is‘, ‘ string example!‘)
>>> print str.rpartition(‘py‘)
(‘‘, ‘‘, ‘this is string example!‘)
"""
pass
def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
从后往前按照指定的分隔符对字符串进行切片，返回一个列表，其中sep参数指分隔符，默认为空格；maxsplit参数指最多分拆次数；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.rsplit()
[‘this‘, ‘is‘, ‘string‘, ‘example!‘]
>>> print str.rsplit(‘st‘)
[‘this is ‘, ‘ring example!‘]
>>> print str.rsplit(‘is‘)
[‘th‘, ‘ ‘, ‘ string example!‘]
>>> print str.rsplit(‘is‘,1)
[‘this ‘, ‘ string example!‘]
"""
return []
def rstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
删除string字符串末尾的指定字符（默认为空格），返回删除string字符串末尾的指定字符后生成的新字符串，其中chars参数指删除的字符（默认为空格）；
例如：
>>> str = ‘ this is string example! ‘
>>> print str.rstrip()
this is string example!
>>> str = ‘88888888this is string example!88888888‘
>>> print str.rstrip(‘8‘)
88888888this is string example!
"""
return ""
def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
通过指定分隔符对字符串进行切片，如果参数maxsplit有指定值，则仅分隔maxsplit个子字符串；其中sep参数指分隔符，默认为所有的空字符，包括空格、换行(\n)、制表符(\t)等；maxsplit参数指分割次数；
例如：
>>> str = ‘Line1-abcdef \nLine2-abc \nLine4-abcd‘
>>> print str.split()
[‘Line1-abcdef‘, ‘Line2-abc‘, ‘Line4-abcd‘]
>>> print str.split(‘ ‘,1)
[‘Line1-abcdef‘, ‘\nLine2-abc \nLine4-abcd‘]
"""
return []
def splitlines(self, keepends=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings
按照行(‘\r‘, ‘\r\n‘, \n‘)分隔，返回一个包含各行作为元素的列表，如果参数keepends为 False，不包含换行符，如果为True，则保留换行符，返回一个包含各行作为元素的列表；其中keepends参数指在输出结果里是否去掉换行符(‘\r‘, ‘\r\n‘, \n‘)，默认为 False，不包含换行符，如果为 True，则保留换行符；
例如：
>>> str1 = ‘ab c\n\nde fg\rkl\r\n‘
>>> print str1.splitlines()
[‘ab c‘, ‘‘, ‘de fg‘, ‘kl‘]
>>> str2 = ‘ab c\n\nde fg\rkl\r\n‘
>>> print str2.splitlines(True)
[‘ab c\n‘, ‘\n‘, ‘de fg\r‘, ‘kl\r\n‘]
"""
return []
def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
用于检查字符串是否是以指定子字符串开头，如果是则返回True，否则返回False，如果参数beg和end指定了值，则在指定范围内检查；其中prefix参数指检测的字符串；start参数用于设置字符串检测的起始位置；end参数用于设置字符串检测的结束位置；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.startswith(‘this‘)
True
>>> print str.startswith(‘is‘,2,4)
True
>>> print str.startswith(‘this‘,2,4)
False
"""
return False
def strip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode
用于移除字符串头尾指定的字符（默认为空格），返回移除字符串头尾指定的字符生成的新字符串；其中chars参数指移除字符串头尾指定的字符；
例如：
>>> str = ‘88888888this is string example!88888888‘
>>> print str.strip(‘8‘)
this is string example!
"""
return ""
def swapcase(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.swapcase() -> string
用于对字符串的大小写字母进行转换，返回大小写字母转换后生成的新字符串；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.swapcase()
THIS IS STRING EXAMPLE!
"""
return ""
def title(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.title() -> string
返回"标题化"的字符串,就是说所有单词都是以大写开始，其余字母均为小写；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.title()
This Is String Example!
"""
return ""
def translate(self, table, deletechars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string
根据参数table给出的表(包含256个字符)转换字符串的字符, 要过滤掉的字符放到del参数中，返回翻译后的字符串；其中table参数指翻译表，翻译表是通过maketrans方法转换而来；deletechars参数指字符串中要过滤的字符列表；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> intab = ‘aeiou‘
>>> outtab = ‘12345‘
>>> tarn = str.maketrans(intab,outtab)
>>> print (str.translate(tarn))
th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2!
>>> tarn = str.maketrans(‘aeiou‘,‘12345‘)
>>> print (str.translate(tarn))
th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2!
"""
return ""
def upper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.upper() -> string
将字符串中的小写字母转为大写字母，返回小写字母转为大写字母的字符串；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.upper()
THIS IS STRING EXAMPLE!
"""
return ""
def zfill(self, width): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.zfill(width) -> string
返回指定长度的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前面填充0，即width参数指定字符串的长度。原字符串右对齐，前面填充0；
例如：
>>> str = ‘this is string example!‘
>>> print str.zfill(40)
00000000000000000this is string example!
"""
return ""
def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
（Python2特有，Python3已删除）
"""
pass
def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
（Python2特有，Python3已删除）
"""
pass
def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__add__(y) 等同于 x+y
将两个字符串相加，返回新的字符串；
例如：
>>> x = ‘a‘
>>> y = ‘b‘
>>> x.__add__(y)
‘ab‘
>>> x + y
‘ab‘
"""
pass
def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__contains__(y) 等同于 y in x
字符串包含判断，即判断y是否包含在x中，返回布尔值；
例如：
>>> x = ‘a‘
>>> y = ‘b‘
>>> y in x
False
>>> x = ‘ab‘
>>> y in x
True
"""
pass
def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__eq__(y) 等同于 x==y
字符串等同于判断，即判断x是否等于y，返回布尔值；
例如：
>>> x = ‘a‘
>>> y = ‘b‘
>>> x == y
False
>>> y = ‘a‘
>>> x == y
True
"""
pass
def __format__(self, format_spec): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.__format__(format_spec) -> string
格式化为字符串；
"""
return ""
def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) 等同于 x.name
"""
pass
def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__getitem__(y) 等同于 x[y]
返回字符串指定下标的子字符串，下标值需指定并为整数型，否则报错；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> y = 1
>>> x.__getitem__(y)
‘b‘
>>> x[y]
‘b‘
>>> x.__getitem__()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: expected 1 arguments, got 0
>>> x.__getitem__(1.1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: string indices must be integers, not float
"""
pass
def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__getslice__(i, j) 等同于 x[i:j]
返回字符串指定范围的子字符串，i参数指开始位置，j参数指结束位置，i，j两个参数必须同时存在，不指定或缺少参数将报错；（Python2特有，Python3已删除）
例如：
>>> x = ‘abcdefg‘
>>> x.__getslice__(1,4)
‘bcd‘
>>> x.__getslice__(1,0)
‘‘
>>> x.__getslice__()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: function takes exactly 2 arguments (0 given)
>>> x.__getslice__(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: function takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given)
>>> x[1:4]
‘bcd‘
"""
pass
def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__ge__(y) 等同于 x>=y
字符串大小等于判断，返回布尔值；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> y = ‘ab‘
>>> x >= y
True
>>> y = ‘abcd‘
>>> x >= y
False
"""
pass
def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__gt__(y) 等于 x>y
字符串大于判断，返回布尔值；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> y = ‘ab‘
>>> x > y
True
>>> y = ‘abcd‘
>>> x > y
False
"""
pass
def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__hash__() 等同于 hash(x)
返回字符串的哈希值；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abcd‘
>>> x.__hash__()
1540938112
>>> hash(x)
1540938112
"""
pass
def __init__(self, string=‘‘): # known special case of str.__init__
"""
str(object=‘‘) -> string
构造方法，执行x = ‘abc‘时自动调用str函数；
"""
pass
def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__len__() 等同于 len(x)
返回字符串的长度；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abcd‘
>>> x.__len__()
4
>>> len(x)
4
"""
pass
def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
迭代对象，返回自己； （Python3新增）
"""
pass
def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__le__(y) 等同于 x<=y
字符串小于等于判断，返回布尔值；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> y = ‘abcdef‘
>>> x .__le__(y)
True
>>> x <= y
True
>>> y = ‘ab‘
>>> x <= y
False
"""
pass
def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__lt__(y) 等同于 x<y
字符串小于判断，返回布尔值；
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> y = ‘abcdef‘
>>> x .__lt__(y)
True
>>> x < y
True
>>> y = ‘ab‘
>>> x < y
False
"""
pass
def __mod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__mod__(y) 等同于 x%y
"""
pass
def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__mul__(n) 等同于 x*n
字符串乘法，n需为整数，相当于n个字符串相加，新加入的字符串位置在原字符串后；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abc‘
>>> n = 2
>>> x.__mul__(n)
‘abcabc‘
>>> x * n
‘abcabc‘
"""
pass
@staticmethod # known case of __new__
def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T
"""
pass
def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__ne__(y) 等同于 x!=y
字符串不等于判断，返回布尔值；
"""
pass
def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__repr__() 等同于 repr(x)
转化为解释器可读取的形式，会使用""号将字符串包含起来；
例如：
>>> x = ‘abcd‘
>>> x.__repr__()
"‘abcd‘"
>>> repr(x)
"‘abcd‘"
"""
pass
def __rmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__rmod__(y) 等同于 y%x
"""
pass
def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__rmul__(n) 等同于 n*x
字符串乘法，n需为整数，相当于n个字符串相加，新加入的字符串位置在原字符串前；；
"""
pass
def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes
返回内存中的大小（以字节为单位）；
"""
pass
def __str__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__str__() <==> str(x)
转换为人阅读的形式，如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话，则返回解释器课阅读的形式；
"""
pass二、list的函数说明
class list(object): """ list() -> new empty list list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable‘s items """ def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """ pass def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """ return 0 def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """ pass def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value. Raises ValueError if the value is not present. """ return 0 def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """ pass def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last). Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range. """ pass def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value. Raises ValueError if the value is not present. """ pass def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """ pass def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*; cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1 """ pass def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ pass def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """ pass def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """ pass def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j] Use of negative indices is not supported. """ pass def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ pass def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """ pass def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """ pass def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j] Use of negative indices is not supported. """ pass def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ pass def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ pass def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """ pass def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """ pass def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__ """ list() -> new empty list list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable‘s items # (copied from class doc) """ pass def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """ pass def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """ pass def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ pass def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ pass def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """ pass @staticmethod # known case of __new__ def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ pass def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ pass def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ pass def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """ pass def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """ pass def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """ pass def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y Use of negative indices is not supported. """ pass def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """ pass __hash__ = None
本文出自 “m199369309” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://434727.blog.51cto.com/424727/1894497
Python基本数据类型（二）
声明：以上内容来自用户投稿及互联网公开渠道收集整理发布，本网站不拥有所有权，未作人工编辑处理，也不承担相关法律责任，若内容有误或涉及侵权可进行投诉： 投诉/举报 工作人员会在5个工作日内联系你，一经查实，本站将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。