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Python实现DES加密算法的文本加密器
这是自行制作的一个DES文本加密工具
最终效果图:
本加密器支持UTF-8字符的加解密(包含中文),由于其中的编码方式与常用编码方式不同,加密结果与网上工具不同,但是能实现正常加解密。
最终目标:
目的是设计一个基于ECB模式,短块加密使用填充法的DES加密解密器,以此来实现对文本的加解密,其文本的处理还用到了base64编码。
实验内容:
该des加密软件我采用的是python语言编写。主程序分了四个大的模块,
一个负责图形化界面的编写及综合作用的mainfunc.py文件;
一个负责DES的加解密的DES.py文件;
一个负责字符串的处理以及base64编码的handle.py文件;
最后一个setup.py用于打包程序
以下将做详细介绍。
首先来介绍软解加解密的主要流程
对秘钥的处理:
由于用户输入的秘钥是8个字符,故首先要将其转化为64位的二进制字符串,该功能由handle.py中的keyencode函数实现:
加密流程:
1用户输入的明文为任意字符串(包含中文字符以及英文字母以及标点符号),首先要进行分组处理,分组成64位二进制一组的二进制字符串,最后一组不足64位的使用填充法,该部分由handle.py中的encode函数处理
2 接着根据之前得到的64位秘钥以及明文,依次进行DES加密,得到包含所有64位密文的数组
3 接着要将各64位的密文连在一起得到二进制的密文字符串,再对其进行base64编码得到最终的输出字符串,该部分由handle.py中的base64encode函数处理。
解密流程:
1 解密首先要对得到的密文字符串进行反base64编码处理,去掉后面添加的‘=’,接着将其根据base64的编码规则转化为二进制字符串,然后去掉之前添加的‘0’字符,然后将字符串进行分组,分为64位一组。这一部分由handle.py中的base64decode函数完成。
2接着根据之前得到的64位秘钥以及密文,依次进行DES解密,得到包含所有64位明文的数组。
3接着要对得到的包含所有64位明文的数组进行处理,首先去掉之前填充的多余的字符,接着对二进制字符串进行反编码得到源字符串。该部分由handle.py中的decode函数得到。
DES部分:
接着来编写DES加密模块,DES加解密流程完全按照书本上DES加解密流程实现,实现过程也没有什么难点,在此就不做过多介绍。
实验难点:
本次实验的DES加解密编程较为顺利,在字符串的操作上开始遇到了一点困难,之后比较顺利。主要是在字符串与二进制串的转换,字符编码上遇到了一些问题。
1.填充法的选择
由于初始的明文转化为64位二进制字符串后,最后一组并不一定是64位,故要进行处理,我这里运用的是比较直观的填充法,具体是PKCS5方法,在PKCS5方法中Block = 8bytes。Padding特点:对于Block=8bytes(64bits块)进行填充字节的值的取值范围在[1, 8].解码过程中,从最后一个字节看起,首先确定它表示的值1<=n<=8,然后检验最后n个字节的值是否相同,若相同最后删去最后n个字节即可得到完整的信息.特殊情况:若字符串恰好够分成完整的块,不多不少.则最后8个字节为:(IN HEX) 08 08 08 08 08 08 08 08
我在代码中已经实现:
2.中英文编码
这个问题实则比较麻烦,在我使用的python2.7版本中默认英文字符占一个字节,即八位,中文字符占据两个字节,即两个字节。如果中英文混在一起将无法区分。
一开始,我想到的解决方法是将中文字符16位中最高位置1,因为英文8位最高位为0,故可以将其区分,解码时在进行还原。但结果发现,有一部分中文字符最高位为0,故此法不通。
因此,我只好将英文字符也扩展到16位,高8位置0,我最终的代码也按此实现,但是此方法对加密的安全性应该有一定的影响。例如,对于全英文的文本,所需要破解的字符串瞬间减到一半。
但暂时没有想到更好的方法。
以下为我的代码实现:
附上最终源码:
mainfunc.py
#-*- coding=utf-8 -*- import wx import wx.lib.buttons as buttons from lib import DES from lib import handle class newframe(wx.Frame): def __init__(self): #主框架 wx.Frame.__init__(self,None,-1,u‘DES加解密工具‘,size=(820,760),pos=(500,100)) self.SetMinSize((820,760)) self.SetMaxSize((820,760)) self.panel=wx.Panel(self,-1) self.panelpic=wx.Image(‘./diary.jpg‘,wx.BITMAP_TYPE_JPEG,).Scale(820,760).ConvertToBitmap() self.picbk=wx.StaticBitmap(parent=self.panel,pos=(0,0),bitmap=self.panelpic) self.initstatictext() self.textctrl() self.buttoninit() self.buttonbind() def initstatictext(self): #定义文本 self.text1=wx.StaticText(self.picbk,-1,u‘请输入加解密秘钥(仅八位长):‘,pos=(40,10),size=(-1,25),style=wx.TE_CENTER)#,size=(240,25)) self.text2=wx.StaticText(self.picbk,-1,u‘未加密文本:‘,pos=(40,60),size=(-1,25),style=wx.TE_CENTER)#,size=(240,25)) self.text3=wx.StaticText(self.picbk,-1,u‘加密后文本:‘,pos=(40,400),size=(-1,25),style=wx.TE_CENTER)#,size=(240,25)) self.text1.SetBackgroundColour(‘AQUAMARINE‘) self.text2.SetBackgroundColour(‘AQUAMARINE‘) self.text3.SetBackgroundColour(‘AQUAMARINE‘) def textctrl(self): #定义文本框 font2 = wx.Font(12, wx.DECORATIVE, wx.NORMAL, wx.NORMAL) self.ctrl1=wx.TextCtrl(self.picbk,-1,‘‘,pos=(30,100),size=(750,250), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_RICH2) self.ctrl1.SetBackgroundColour(‘sky blue‘) self.ctrl1.SetFont(font2) self.ctrl2=wx.TextCtrl(self.picbk,-1,‘‘,pos=(270,10),size=(150,28)) self.ctrl2.SetBackgroundColour(‘sky blue‘) self.ctrl2.SetFont(font2) self.ctrl3=wx.TextCtrl(self.picbk,-1,‘‘,pos=(30,450),size=(750,250), style=wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_RICH2) self.ctrl3.SetBackgroundColour(‘sky blue‘) self.ctrl3.SetFont(font2) def buttoninit(self): #定义按钮 self.button1=buttons.GenButton(self.picbk,-1,u‘加密‘,pos=(240,380),size=(-1,50)) self.button2=buttons.GenButton(self.picbk,-1,u‘解密‘,pos=(540,380),size=(-1,50)) self.button1.SetBezelWidth(5) self.button2.SetBezelWidth(5) self.button1.SetBackgroundColour("CORAL") self.button2.SetBackgroundColour("CORAL") def buttonbind(self): #按钮事件绑定 self.button1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.encode) self.button2.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.decode) def encode(self,evt): #加密事件 out=[] password=self.ctrl2.GetValue() password=handle.keyencode(password) text=self.ctrl1.GetValue() text=handle.encode(text) for one in text: a=DES.desencode(password,one) out.append(a) cipher=handle.base64encode(out) self.ctrl3.SetLabelText(cipher) def decode(self,evt): #解密事件 cipherlist=[] outlist=[] password=self.ctrl2.GetValue() password=handle.keyencode(password) ciphertext=self.ctrl3.GetValue() cipherlist=handle.base64decode(ciphertext) for one in cipherlist: outlist.append(DES.desdecode(password,one)) outstring=handle.decode(outlist) self.ctrl1.SetLabelText(outstring) if __name__==‘__main__‘: newapp=wx.App(False) frame=newframe() frame.Show() newapp.MainLoop()
handle.py
#-*- coding=utf-8 -*- base=‘ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/‘ def keyencode(key): #该部分将秘钥串转化为64位二进制形式 out=‘‘ for i in key: #将每一个字符转化为二进制形式 out+=str(bin(ord(i))).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(8) return out def encode(string): #该部分主要是将明文字符串转化为每64位一组二进制明文 out1=‘‘ text=[] for i in string: #将每一个字符转化为二进制 temp=str(bin(ord(i))).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘) out1+=temp.zfill(16) time=len(out1)/64 for i in range(time+1): #对二进制字符串进行分组,每64位一组 text.append(out1[64*i:64*(i+1)]) length=len(text[time]) if length!=64: #最后一组如果不满64位进行填充 add=8-length/8 text[time]+=str(bin(ord(str(add)))).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(8)*add else: text.append(str(bin(ord(‘8‘))).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(8)*8) return text def base64encode(list): #该部分主要是对二进制串进行base64处理 out=‘‘ string=‘‘.join(list) a=len(string)%24 if a==8: #补0操作 string+=‘0000‘ if a==16: string+=‘00‘ m=int(len(string)/6) for j in range(m): out+=base[int(string[j*6:j*6+6],2)] if(a==8): #补=操作 out+=‘==‘ if(a==16): out+=‘=‘ return out def base64decode(string): #该部分主要进行base64解码操作 temp1=string.split(‘=‘)[0] #去掉多余的= temp2=‘‘ outlist=[] for i in temp1: #将字符串转化为二进制串 temp2+=str(bin(base.index(i))).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(6) temp3=len(temp2) if (temp3-2)%64==0: #去掉多余的0 temp2=temp2[0:len(temp2)-2] if (temp3-4)%64==0: temp2=temp2[0:len(temp2)-4] time=len(temp2)/64 for i in range(time): #将二进制串每64位进行分组 outlist.append(temp2[64*i:64*(i+1)]) return outlist def decode(list1): #该部分主要是将64位明文转化为原字符串 string=‘‘ more=int(chr(int(list1[len(list1)-1][56:64],2))) #得到补充位数目 strtemp1=‘‘.join(list1) strtemp2=strtemp1[0:(len(strtemp1)-8*more)] #去掉补充位 for i in range(0,len(strtemp2)/8,2): if int(strtemp2[i*8:(i+1)*8],2)==0: #如果此八位为0,则说明后面的一个字节为ascii编码 string+=chr(int(strtemp2[(i+1)*8:(i+2)*8],2)) else: #如果此八位不为0,则说明该字节与后一个为unicode编码 string+=unichr(int(strtemp2[i*8:(i+2)*8],2)) return string
DES.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import time import base64 import os m=0 C0=‘‘ D0=‘‘ L0=‘‘ R0=‘‘ cipher=‘‘ outtext=‘‘ k=0 substitute1=[57,49,41,33,25,17, 9, 1 ,58,50,42,34,26,18, 10, 2,59,51,43,35,27, 19,11, 3,60,52,44,36, 63,55,47,39,31,23,15, 7 ,62,54,46,38,30,22, 14, 6,61,53,45,37,29, 21,13, 5,28,20,12, 4] substitute2=[14,17,11,24, 1, 5, 3,28, 15, 6,21,10,23,19,12, 4, 26, 8,16, 7,27,20,13, 2, 41,52,31,37,47,55,30,40, 51,45,33,48,44,49,39,56, 34,53,46,42,50,36,29,32] shift=[1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1] KEY=[ dict() for i in range(16)] sbox= [ [ 0xe,0x4,0xd,0x1,0x2,0xf,0xb,0x8,0x3,0xa,0x6,0xc,0x5,0x9,0x0,0x7, 0x0,0xf,0x7,0x4,0xe,0x2,0xd,0x1,0xa,0x6,0xc,0xb,0x9,0x5,0x3,0x8, 0x4,0x1,0xe,0x8,0xd,0x6,0x2,0xb,0xf,0xc,0x9,0x7,0x3,0xa,0x5,0x0, 0xf,0xc,0x8,0x2,0x4,0x9,0x1,0x7,0x5,0xb,0x3,0xe,0xa,0x0,0x6,0xd, ], [ 0xf,0x1,0x8,0xe,0x6,0xb,0x3,0x4,0x9,0x7,0x2,0xd,0xc,0x0,0x5,0xa, 0x3,0xd,0x4,0x7,0xf,0x2,0x8,0xe,0xc,0x0,0x1,0xa,0x6,0x9,0xb,0x5, 0x0,0xe,0x7,0xb,0xa,0x4,0xd,0x1,0x5,0x8,0xc,0x6,0x9,0x3,0x2,0xf, 0xd,0x8,0xa,0x1,0x3,0xf,0x4,0x2,0xb,0x6,0x7,0xc,0x0,0x5,0xe,0x9, ], [ 0xa,0x0,0x9,0xe,0x6,0x3,0xf,0x5,0x1,0xd,0xc,0x7,0xb,0x4,0x2,0x8, 0xd,0x7,0x0,0x9,0x3,0x4,0x6,0xa,0x2,0x8,0x5,0xe,0xc,0xb,0xf,0x1, 0xd,0x6,0x4,0x9,0x8,0xf,0x3,0x0,0xb,0x1,0x2,0xc,0x5,0xa,0xe,0x7, 0x1,0xa,0xd,0x0,0x6,0x9,0x8,0x7,0x4,0xf,0xe,0x3,0xb,0x5,0x2,0xc, ], [ 0x7,0xd,0xe,0x3,0x0,0x6,0x9,0xa,0x1,0x2,0x8,0x5,0xb,0xc,0x4,0xf, 0xd,0x8,0xb,0x5,0x6,0xf,0x0,0x3,0x4,0x7,0x2,0xc,0x1,0xa,0xe,0x9, 0xa,0x6,0x9,0x0,0xc,0xb,0x7,0xd,0xf,0x1,0x3,0xe,0x5,0x2,0x8,0x4, 0x3,0xf,0x0,0x6,0xa,0x1,0xd,0x8,0x9,0x4,0x5,0xb,0xc,0x7,0x2,0xe, ], [ 0x2,0xc,0x4,0x1,0x7,0xa,0xb,0x6,0x8,0x5,0x3,0xf,0xd,0x0,0xe,0x9, 0xe,0xb,0x2,0xc,0x4,0x7,0xd,0x1,0x5,0x0,0xf,0xa,0x3,0x9,0x8,0x6, 0x4,0x2,0x1,0xb,0xa,0xd,0x7,0x8,0xf,0x9,0xc,0x5,0x6,0x3,0x0,0xe, 0xb,0x8,0xc,0x7,0x1,0xe,0x2,0xd,0x6,0xf,0x0,0x9,0xa,0x4,0x5,0x3, ], [ 0xc,0x1,0xa,0xf,0x9,0x2,0x6,0x8,0x0,0xd,0x3,0x4,0xe,0x7,0x5,0xb, 0xa,0xf,0x4,0x2,0x7,0xc,0x9,0x5,0x6,0x1,0xd,0xe,0x0,0xb,0x3,0x8, 0x9,0xe,0xf,0x5,0x2,0x8,0xc,0x3,0x7,0x0,0x4,0xa,0x1,0xd,0xb,0x6, 0x4,0x3,0x2,0xc,0x9,0x5,0xf,0xa,0xb,0xe,0x1,0x7,0x6,0x0,0x8,0xd, ], [ 0x4,0xb,0x2,0xe,0xf,0x0,0x8,0xd,0x3,0xc,0x9,0x7,0x5,0xa,0x6,0x1, 0xd,0x0,0xb,0x7,0x4,0x9,0x1,0xa,0xe,0x3,0x5,0xc,0x2,0xf,0x8,0x6, 0x1,0x4,0xb,0xd,0xc,0x3,0x7,0xe,0xa,0xf,0x6,0x8,0x0,0x5,0x9,0x2, 0x6,0xb,0xd,0x8,0x1,0x4,0xa,0x7,0x9,0x5,0x0,0xf,0xe,0x2,0x3,0xc, ], [ 0xd,0x2,0x8,0x4,0x6,0xf,0xb,0x1,0xa,0x9,0x3,0xe,0x5,0x0,0xc,0x7, 0x1,0xf,0xd,0x8,0xa,0x3,0x7,0x4,0xc,0x5,0x6,0xb,0x0,0xe,0x9,0x2, 0x7,0xb,0x4,0x1,0x9,0xc,0xe,0x2,0x0,0x6,0xa,0xd,0xf,0x3,0x5,0x8, 0x2,0x1,0xe,0x7,0x4,0xa,0x8,0xd,0xf,0xc,0x9,0x0,0x3,0x5,0x6,0xb, ] ] substituteip= [ 58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2,60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4, 62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8, 57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,1,59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3, 61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7] selectoperate=[ 32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4 , 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8 , 9,10,11,12,13, 12,13,14,15,16,17, 16,17,18,19,20,21, 20,21,22,23,24,25, 24,25,26,27,28,29, 28,29,30,31,32, 1] substituteP=[ 16, 7,20,21,29,12,28,17, 1 ,15,23,26, 5,18,31,10, 2 ,8 ,24,14,32,27, 3, 9, 19,13,30, 6,22,11, 4,25] resubstituteip=[ 40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32,39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31, 38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30,37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29, 36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28,35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27, 34,2,42,10,50,18,58,26,33,1,41, 9,49,17,57,25] def before(): global KEY,m,C0,D0,L0,R0,cipher,outtext,k KEY=[ dict() for i in range(16)] m=0 C0=‘‘ D0=‘‘ L0=‘‘ R0=‘‘ cipher=‘‘ outtext=‘‘ k=0 def handleraw(string): a=‘‘ for i in string: a+=bin(ord(i)).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(8) return a def shiftleft(string,x): #循环左移 return string[-(len(string)-x):]+string[:x] def encodepassword1(x): #秘钥置换选择 global C0 global D0 for i in range(0,28): C0+=x[substitute1[i]-1] for j in range(28,56): D0+=x[substitute1[j]-1] def encodepassword2(): #秘钥处理主流程 global k,C0,D0 t=‘‘ if(k!=16): C0=shiftleft(C0,shift[k]) D0=shiftleft(D0,shift[k]) s=C0+D0 for i in substitute2: t+=s[i-1] KEY[k]=t k+=1 encodepassword2() def substituteIP(string): #初始置换IP global L0,R0 a=‘‘ for i in substituteip: a+=string[i-1] L0=a[:32] R0=a[-32:] def sboxoperate(): #S盒操作 mid=‘‘ for i in selectoperate: mid+=R0[i-1] mid=str(bin(int(mid,2)^int(KEY[m-1],2)).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(48)) outraw=‘‘ for n in range(8): a=int(mid[6*n]+mid[6*n+5],2) b=int(mid[(6*n+1):(6*n+5)],2) outraw+=str(bin(int(str(sbox[n][a*16+b]),10)).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(4)) out=‘‘ for i in substituteP: out+=outraw[i-1] return out def encodemain(): #加密主流程 global m,L0,R0,cipher m+=1 a=L0 L0=R0 R0=str(bin(int(sboxoperate(),2)^int(a,2)).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(32)) if(m!=16): encodemain() else: b=R0+L0 for i in resubstituteip: cipher+=b[i-1] def decodecircle(): #解密主流程 global L0,R0,outtext,m a=R0 R0=L0 L0=str(bin(int(sboxoperate(),2)^int(a,2)).replace(‘0b‘,‘‘).zfill(32)) m-=1 if(m!=0): decodecircle() else: d=L0+R0 decodetext=[0 for i in range(64)] for i in range(64): decodetext[substituteip[i]-1]=d[i] outtext=‘‘.join(decodetext) def decoderesubstituteip(string): #逆置换IP global R0,L0,m m=16 a=[0 for i in range(64)] for i in range(64): a[resubstituteip[i]-1]=string[i] a=‘‘.join(a) R0=a[:32] L0=a[-32:] def desencode(password,text): #加密函数 before() encodepassword1(password) encodepassword2() substituteIP(text) encodemain() return cipher def desdecode(password,encodetext): #解密函数 before() encodepassword1(password) encodepassword2() decoderesubstituteip(encodetext) decodecircle() return outtext if __name__==‘__main__‘: e=raw_input(‘This is a DES encrypt and decrypt function\n press 1 to encrypt, 2 to decrypt:‘) password=raw_input(‘please input the key:‘) encodepassword1(password) encodepassword2() print ‘the KEY is:\n‘,KEY if(e==‘1‘): text=raw_input(‘please input the text:‘) substituteIP(text) encodemain() print ‘the cipher is:‘,cipher if(e==‘2‘): ciphertext=raw_input(‘please input the cipher:‘) decoderesubstituteip(ciphertext) decodecircle() print ‘the decodetext is:‘,outtext os.system("pause")
setup.py
import py2exe from distutils.core import setup ‘‘‘setup(windows=["mainfunc.py"])‘‘‘ setup( windows = [{"script":"mainfunc.py", "icon_resources": [(1, "lock.ico")]} ] )
Python实现DES加密算法的文本加密器