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zabbix监控nginx性能状态
nginx在生产环境中的应用越来越广泛,所以需要对nginx的性能状态做一些监控,来发现出来出现的问题。nginx处理流程图具体如下:
注释:Accepts(接受)、Handled(已处理)、Requests(请求数)是一直在增加的计数器。Active(活跃)、Waiting(等待)、Reading(读)、Writing(写)随着请求量而增减
名称 | 描述 | 指标类型 |
Accepts(接受) | NGINX 所接受的客户端连接数 | 资源: 功能 |
Handled(已处理) | 成功的客户端连接数 | 资源: 功能 |
Active(活跃) | 当前活跃的客户端连接数 | 资源: 功能 |
Dropped(已丢弃,计算得出) | 丢弃的连接数(接受 – 已处理) | 工作:错误* |
Requests(请求数) | 客户端请求数 | 工作:吞吐量 |
NGINX worker 进程接受 OS 的连接请求时 Accepts 计数器增加,而Handled 是当实际的请求得到连接时(通过建立一个新的连接或重新使用一个空闲的)。这两个计数器的值通常都是相同的,如果它们有差别则表明连接被Dropped, 往往这是由于资源限制,比如已经达到 NGINX 的worker_connections的限制。
首先nginx需要配置nginx_status 具体步骤是:在zabbix agentd客户端上,查看nginx是否加载了with-http_stub_status_module。因为zabbix监控nginx是根据nginx的Stub Status模块,抓取Status模块所提供的数据。假如以前没开启,现在想启用StubStatus 模块,在编译nginx 的时候要加上参数with-http_stub_status_module,执行./configure && make就可以了,不用make install,一般情况下都是安装的。
(一)配置nginx
1,查看nginx_status是否开启,查看已开启。
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.4.7 built by gcc 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC) TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module [root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]#
2,nginx_status开启的步骤:
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf server { listen 80 ; server_name www.guojinbao.com; rewrite ^/invitejoin/(.*)\.htm[l]?$ /register.shtml?$1 last; index index.jsp index.html; root /opt/home; location = /nginx-status { stub_status on; access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; allow 10.253.12.34; ####zabbix服务器端的IP地址一般为内网IP }
3,测试并启动nginx
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
4,用curl来进行测试:
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# curl www.guojinbao.com/nginx-status Active connections: 979 server accepts handled requests 756072922 756072922 1136799890 Reading: 0 Writing: 4 Waiting: 975
备注:
Active connections –对后端发起的活动连接数
server accepts handled requests — 总共处理了756072922个连接 , 成功创建 756072922次握手, 总共处理了1136799890个请求
Reading — nginx读取客户端的连接(header)数.
Writing — nginx返回给客户端的header数
waiting — nginx 请求处理完成,正在等待下一请求指令的连接。(开启 keep-alive 的情况下,这个值等于 active – (reading+writing), 意思就是 Nginx 已经处理完正在等候下一次请求指令的驻留连接。在访问效率很高,请求很快被处理完毕的情况下,Waiting 数比较多是正常的。如果 reading + writing 数较多,则说明并发访问量很大,正在处理过程中)
(二)配置zabbix_agentd
1,编写脚步来获取nginx的相关信息
[root@ittestserver1 opt]# vim /usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh #!/bin/bash ################################## # Zabbix monitoring script # # nginx: # - anything available via nginx stub-status module # ################################## # Contact: # vincent.viallet@gmail.com # Zabbix requested parameter ZBX_REQ_DATA="http://www.mamicode.com/$1" ZBX_REQ_DATA_URL="$2" # Nginx defaults NGINX_STATUS_DEFAULT_URL="www.guojinbao.com/nginx-status" #(这里写网站的域名) WGET_BIN="/usr/bin/wget" # # Error handling: # - need to be displayable in Zabbix (avoid NOT_SUPPORTED) # - items need to be of type "float" (allow negative + float) # ERROR_NO_ACCESS_FILE="-0.9900" ERROR_NO_ACCESS="-0.9901" ERROR_WRONG_PARAM="-0.9902" ERROR_DATA="http://www.mamicode.com/-0.9903" # either can not connect / bad host / bad port # Handle host and port if non-default if [ ! -z "$ZBX_REQ_DATA_URL" ]; then URL="$ZBX_REQ_DATA_URL" else URL="$NGINX_STATUS_DEFAULT_URL" fi # save the nginx stats in a variable for future parsing NGINX_STATS=$($WGET_BIN -q $URL -O - 2> /dev/null) # error during retrieve if [ $? -ne 0 -o -z "$NGINX_STATS" ]; then echo $ERROR_DATA exit 1 fi # # Extract data from nginx stats # case $ZBX_REQ_DATA in active_connections) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | head -1 | cut -f3 -d‘ ‘;; accepted_connections) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | grep -Ev ‘[a-zA-Z]‘ | cut -f2 -d‘ ‘;; handled_connections) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | grep -Ev ‘[a-zA-Z]‘ | cut -f3 -d‘ ‘;; handled_requests) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | grep -Ev ‘[a-zA-Z]‘ | cut -f4 -d‘ ‘;; reading) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | tail -1 | cut -f2 -d‘ ‘;; writing) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | tail -1 | cut -f4 -d‘ ‘;; waiting) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | tail -1 | cut -f6 -d‘ ‘;; *) echo $ERROR_WRONG_PARAM; exit 1;; esac exit 0 [root@ittestserver1 opt]# chmod +x /usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh -rw-r--r-x1 root root 1645 2月 4 14:26/usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh
2,配置zabbix_agentd.conf。启用UserParameter,并配置相关的参数。
[root@ittestserver1 opt]# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf ####### USER-DEFINED MONITORED PARAMETERS ####### ### Option: UnsafeUserParameters # Allow all characters to be passed in arguments to user-defined parameters. # The following characters are not allowed: # \ ‘ " ` * ? [ ] { } ~ $ ! & ; ( ) < > | # @ # Additionally, newline characters are not allowed. # 0 - do not allow # 1 - allow # # Mandatory: no # Range: 0-1 # Default: # UnsafeUserParameters=0 UnsafeUserParameters=1 ### Option: UserParameter # User-defined parameter to monitor. There can be several user-defined parameters. # Format: UserParameter=<key>,<shell command> # See ‘zabbix_agentd‘ directory for examples. # # Mandatory: no # Default: # UserParameter= UserParameter=nginx[*],/usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh "$1"
3,重启zabbix_agentd客户端
[root@zabbix ~]# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart Shutting down zabbix_agentd: [ OK ] Starting zabbix_agentd: [ OK ] [root@zabbix ~]#
4,在zabbix服务端(server)进行测试。
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 10.253.17.20 -p 10050 -k "nginx[reading]" 0 [root@zabbix ~]#
(三)在网页上配置nginx模板的相关监控
1,登录zabbix界面,依次点击:配置(configuration)---模板(template)---导入(import)
2,给主机添加模板:选择主机---nginx服务器主机---模板---选择(刚刚导入的nginx性能状态的模板)---添加---更新
3,查看nginx监控的最新数据:监控中---图形---选择相应的监控类型。
Active:当前活跃的连接数。
Accepts:接受的请求数
Handled:处理的请求数(正常服务器响应,这两项应该是可以相等的)
Requests:客户端处理的请求数。(吞吐量)
Reading:当接收到请求时,连接离开 Waiting 状态,并且该请求本身使 Reading 状态计数增加。在这种状态下 NGINX 会读取客户端请求首部。请求首部是比较小的,因此这通常是一个快速的操作。
Writing:请求被读取之后,其使 Writing 状态计数增加,并保持在该状态,直到响应返回给客户端。这意味着,该请求在 Writing 状态时, 一方面 NGINX 等待来自上游系统的结果(系统放在 NGINX “后面”),另外一方面,NGINX 也在同时响应。请求往往会在 Writing 状态花费大量的时间。
Waiting:活跃的连接也可以处于 Waiting 子状态,如果有在此刻没有活跃请求的话。新连接可以绕过这个状态并直接变为到 Reading 状态,最常见的是在使用“accept filter(接受过滤器)” 和 “deferred accept(延迟接受)”时,在这种情况下,NGINX 不会接收 worker 进程的通知,直到它具有足够的数据才开始响应。如果连接设置为 keep-alive ,那么它在发送响应后将处于等待状态
备注:nginx模板脚本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <zabbix_export> <version>2.0</version> <date>2013-03-26T04:17:58Z</date> <groups> <group> <name>Templates</name> </group> </groups> <templates> <template> <template>Template_Nginx</template> <name>Template_Nginx</name> <groups> <group> <name>Templates</name> </group> </groups> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <items> <item> <name>Nginx $1</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[waiting,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>0</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx $1</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[writing,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>0</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx $1</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[active_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>0</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx $1</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[reading,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>0</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx $1/sec</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[handled_requests,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>1</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx $1/sec</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[accepted_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>1</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx $1/sec</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx[handled_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> <delay>60</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>0</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>1</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>Nginx</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> </item> <item> <name>Number of $1 process</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community>public</snmp_community> <multiplier>0</multiplier> <snmp_oid>interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifInOctets.1</snmp_oid> <key>proc.num[nginx]</key> <delay>300</delay> <history>30</history> <trends>365</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <delta>0</delta> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <formula>1</formula> <delay_flex/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <data_type>0</data_type> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications/> <valuemap/> </item> </items> <discovery_rules/> <macros> <macro> <macro>{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}</macro> <value>http://127.0.0.1:10061/nginx_status</value> </macro> </macros> <templates/> <screens/> </template> </templates> <triggers> <trigger> <expression>{Template_Nginx:proc.num[nginx].last(0)}=0</expression> <name>Nginx is not running on {HOSTNAME}</name> <url/> <status>0</status> <priority>4</priority> <description>Nginx is not running. It has been stopped / shutdown or has crashed. Check on the server for more details: - w / last - dmesg logs - /var/log/messages - nginx error logs</description> <type>0</type> <dependencies/> </trigger> </triggers> <graphs> <graph> <name>Nginx - Connections and Requests status</name> <width>900</width> <height>200</height> <yaxismin>0.0000</yaxismin> <yaxismax>100.0000</yaxismax> <show_work_period>0</show_work_period> <show_triggers>0</show_triggers> <type>0</type> <show_legend>1</show_legend> <show_3d>0</show_3d> <percent_left>0.0000</percent_left> <percent_right>0.0000</percent_right> <ymin_type_1>1</ymin_type_1> <ymax_type_1>0</ymax_type_1> <ymin_item_1>0</ymin_item_1> <ymax_item_1>0</ymax_item_1> <graph_items> <graph_item> <sortorder>0</sortorder> <drawtype>1</drawtype> <color>FF9999</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template_Nginx</host> <key>nginx[accepted_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>1</sortorder> <drawtype>2</drawtype> <color>990000</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template_Nginx</host> <key>nginx[handled_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>2</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>009900</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template_Nginx</host> <key>nginx[handled_requests,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> </item> </graph_item> </graph_items> </graph> <graph> <name>Nginx - Threads status</name> <width>900</width> <height>200</height> <yaxismin>0.0000</yaxismin> <yaxismax>100.0000</yaxismax> <show_work_period>0</show_work_period> <show_triggers>0</show_triggers> <type>1</type> <show_legend>1</show_legend> <show_3d>0</show_3d> <percent_left>0.0000</percent_left> <percent_right>0.0000</percent_right> <ymin_type_1>1</ymin_type_1> <ymax_type_1>0</ymax_type_1> <ymin_item_1>0</ymin_item_1> <ymax_item_1>0</ymax_item_1> <graph_items> <graph_item> <sortorder>0</sortorder> <drawtype>1</drawtype> <color>990000</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template_Nginx</host> <key>nginx[writing,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>1</sortorder> <drawtype>1</drawtype> <color>999900</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template_Nginx</host> <key>nginx[reading,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>2</sortorder> <drawtype>1</drawtype> <color>009900</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template_Nginx</host> <key>nginx[waiting,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key> </item> </graph_item> </graph_items> </graph> </graphs> </zabbix_export>
本文出自 “清风明月” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://liqingbiao.blog.51cto.com/3044896/1894902
zabbix监控nginx性能状态