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Linux安装和设置Samba服务器

1. 安装

安装前先关闭iptables和SELinux。

Centos输入以下命令:

yum install samba samba-client

Ubuntu输入以下命令:

apt-get install sambaapt-get install samba-client

2. 设置

创建一个文件夹:

mkdir /home/samba
chmod 777 /home/samba

编辑/etc/samba/smb.conf文件:

# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options (perhaps too# many!) most of which are not shown in this example## For a step to step guide on installing, configuring and using samba, # read the Samba-HOWTO-Collection. This may be obtained from:#  http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/Samba-HOWTO-Collection.pdf## Many working examples of smb.conf files can be found in the # Samba-Guide which is generated daily and can be downloaded from: #  http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/Samba-Guide.pdf## Any line which starts with a ; (semi-colon) or a # (hash) # is a comment and is ignored. In this example we will use a ## for commentry and a ; for parts of the config file that you# may wish to enable## NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command "testparm"# to check that you have not made any basic syntactic errors. ##---------------# SELINUX NOTES:## If you want to use the useradd/groupadd family of binaries please run:# setsebool -P samba_domain_controller on## If you want to share home directories via samba please run:# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on## If you create a new directory you want to share you should mark it as# "samba_share_t" so that selinux will let you write into it.# Make sure not to do that on system directories as they may already have# been marked with othe SELinux labels.## Use ls -ldZ /path to see which context a directory has## Set labels only on directories you created!# To set a label use the following: chcon -t samba_share_t /path## If you need to share a system created directory you can use one of the# following (read-only/read-write):# setsebool -P samba_export_all_ro on# or# setsebool -P samba_export_all_rw on## If you want to run scripts (preexec/root prexec/print command/...) please# put them into the /var/lib/samba/scripts directory so that smbd will be# allowed to run them.# Make sure you COPY them and not MOVE them so that the right SELinux context# is applied, to check all is ok use restorecon -R -v /var/lib/samba/scripts##--------------##======================= Global Settings =====================================    [global]    # ----------------------- Network Related Options -------------------------## workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name, eg: MIDEARTH## server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field## netbios name can be used to specify a server name not tied to the hostname## Interfaces lets you configure Samba to use multiple interfaces# If you have multiple network interfaces then you can list the ones# you want to listen on (never omit localhost)## Hosts Allow/Hosts Deny lets you restrict who can connect, and you can# specifiy it as a per share option as well#    workgroup = MYGROUP    server string = Samba Server Version %v        netbios name = HZHISERVER    map to guest = bad user    ;    interfaces = lo eth0 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24 ;    hosts allow = 127. 192.168.12. 192.168.13. 192.168.1    # --------------------------- Logging Options -----------------------------## Log File let you specify where to put logs and how to split them up.## Max Log Size let you specify the max size log files should reach        # logs split per machine    log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m    # max 50KB per log file, then rotate    max log size = 50    # ----------------------- Standalone Server Options ------------------------## Scurity can be set to user, share(deprecated) or server(deprecated)## Backend to store user information in. New installations should # use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards # compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration.    security = user    passdb backend = tdbsam# ----------------------- Domain Members Options ------------------------## Security must be set to domain or ads## Use the realm option only with security = ads# Specifies the Active Directory realm the host is part of## Backend to store user information in. New installations should # use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards # compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration.## Use password server option only with security = server or if you can‘t# use the DNS to locate Domain Controllers# The argument list may include:#   password server = My_PDC_Name [My_BDC_Name] [My_Next_BDC_Name]# or to auto-locate the domain controller/s#   password server = *        ;    security = domain;    passdb backend = tdbsam;    realm = MY_REALM;    password server = <NT-Server-Name># ----------------------- Domain Controller Options ------------------------## Security must be set to user for domain controllers## Backend to store user information in. New installations should # use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards # compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration.## Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This# allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don‘t use this# if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job## Domain Logons let Samba be a domain logon server for Windows workstations. ## Logon Scrpit let yuou specify a script to be run at login time on the client# You need to provide it in a share called NETLOGON## Logon Path let you specify where user profiles are stored (UNC path)## Various scripts can be used on a domain controller or stand-alone# machine to add or delete corresponding unix accounts#;    security = user;    passdb backend = tdbsam    ;    domain master = yes ;    domain logons = yes        # the login script name depends on the machine name;    logon script = %m.bat    # the login script name depends on the unix user used;    logon script = %u.bat;    logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%u    # disables profiles support by specifing an empty path;    logon path =              ;    add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd "%u" -n -g users;    add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd "%g";    add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -n -c "Workstation (%u)" -M -d /nohome -s /bin/false "%u";    delete user script = /usr/sbin/userdel "%u";    delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/userdel "%u" "%g";    delete group script = /usr/sbin/groupdel "%g"        # ----------------------- Browser Control Options ----------------------------## set local master to no if you don‘t want Samba to become a master# browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply## OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser# elections. The default value should be reasonable## Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election;    local master = no;    os level = 33;    preferred master = yes    #----------------------------- Name Resolution -------------------------------# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both## - WINS Support: Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it‘s WINS Server## - WINS Server: Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client## - WINS Proxy: Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on#   behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be#   at least one    WINS Server on the network. The default is NO.## DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names# via DNS nslookups.    ;    wins support = yes;    wins server = w.x.y.z;    wins proxy = yes    ;    dns proxy = yes    # --------------------------- Printing Options -----------------------------## Load Printers let you load automatically the list of printers rather# than setting them up individually## Cups Options let you pass the cups libs custom options, setting it to raw# for example will let you use drivers on your Windows clients## Printcap Name let you specify an alternative printcap file## You can choose a non default printing system using the Printing option        load printers = yes    cups options = raw;    printcap name = /etc/printcap    #obtain list of printers automatically on SystemV;    printcap name = lpstat;    printing = cups# --------------------------- Filesystem Options ---------------------------## The following options can be uncommented if the filesystem supports# Extended Attributes and they are enabled (usually by the mount option# user_xattr). Thess options will let the admin store the DOS attributes# in an EA and make samba not mess with the permission bits.## Note: these options can also be set just per share, setting them in global# makes them the default for all shares;    map archive = no;    map hidden = no;    map read only = no;    map system = no;    store dos attributes = yes#============================ Share Definitions ==============================    [homes]    comment = Home Directories    browseable = yes    writable = yes;    valid users = %S;    valid users = MYDOMAIN\%S    [printers]    comment = All Printers    path = /var/spool/samba    browseable = no    guest ok = no    writable = no    printable = yes    # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons;    [netlogon];    comment = Network Logon Service;    path = /var/lib/samba/netlogon;    guest ok = yes;    writable = no;    share modes = no        # Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share# the default is to use the user‘s home directory;    [Profiles];    path = /var/lib/samba/profiles;    browseable = no;    guest ok = yes        # A publicly accessible directory, but read only, except for people in# the "staff" group    [public]    comment = Public Stuff    path = /home/samba    public = yes    browseable = yes    writable = yes    printable = no    write list = +staff

3. 运行

CentOS下运行:

service smb startservice nmb start

Ubuntu下运行:

/etc/init.d/samba start

4. Windows7访问Samba

因为Samba使用NTLM认证,而Windows7使用的是NTLMv2认证,所以要先设置一下才能访问。

开始->运行->secpol.msc,这时会出错,提示“试图引用不存在的令牌。”,到C:\Windows\System32下找到secpol.msc,复制到桌面上再运行,选择本地策略->安全选项->网络安全:LAN管理器身份验证级别,改成“发送 LM 和 NTLMv2 ,如果已协商,则使用NTLMv2 会话安全”。

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技术分享

点击开始,在搜索对话框中输入“//Samba服务器IP”,就可以访问Samba服务器了,并且复制粘贴文件了,非常方便。

技术分享

Linux安装和设置Samba服务器