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Android学习绘制图形

2024-07-23 18:56:38   223人阅读

Android的绘图继承于View组件，重写onDraw(Canvas canvas) 方法时涉及一个绘图API: Canvas 代表了依附于指定View的画布，并且提供了很多绘制方法。

Canvas提供的方法还涉及一个API: Paint ,Paint代表了Canvas上的画笔，主要用于设置绘制风格，画笔颜色，粗细，填充风格等。

Path代表任意多条直线连接而成的任意图形，当Canvas根据Path绘制图形时，它可以绘制出任意形状的图形。

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import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.LinearGradient;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Path;
import android.graphics.RectF;
import android.graphics.Shader;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
 
public class MyView extends View {
    public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet set) {
        super(context, set);
    }
 
    @Override
    // 重写该方法，进行绘图
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        // 把整张画布绘制成白色
        canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
        Paint paint = new Paint();
        // 去锯齿
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        paint.setStrokeWidth(3);
        // 绘制圆形
        canvas.drawCircle(40, 40, 30, paint);
        // 绘制正方形
        canvas.drawRect(10, 80, 70, 140, paint);
        // 绘制矩形
        canvas.drawRect(10, 150, 70, 190, paint);
        RectF re1 = new RectF(10, 200, 70, 230);
        // 绘制圆角矩形
        canvas.drawRoundRect(re1, 15, 15, paint);
        RectF re11 = new RectF(10, 240, 70, 270);
        // 绘制椭圆
        canvas.drawOval(re11, paint);
        // 定义一个Path对象，封闭成一个三角形。
        Path path1 = new Path();
        path1.moveTo(10, 340);
        path1.lineTo(70, 340);
        path1.lineTo(40, 290);
        path1.close();
        // 根据Path进行绘制，绘制三角形
        canvas.drawPath(path1, paint);
        // 定义一个Path对象，封闭成一个五角形。
        Path path2 = new Path();
        path2.moveTo(26, 360);
        path2.lineTo(54, 360);
        path2.lineTo(70, 392);
        path2.lineTo(40, 420);
        path2.lineTo(10, 392);
        path2.close();
        // 根据Path进行绘制，绘制五角形
        canvas.drawPath(path2, paint);
        // ----------设置填充风格后绘制----------
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        paint.setColor(Color.RED);
        canvas.drawCircle(120, 40, 30, paint);
        // 绘制正方形
        canvas.drawRect(90, 80, 150, 140, paint);
        // 绘制矩形
        canvas.drawRect(90, 150, 150, 190, paint);
        RectF re2 = new RectF(90, 200, 150, 230);
        // 绘制圆角矩形
        canvas.drawRoundRect(re2, 15, 15, paint);
        RectF re21 = new RectF(90, 240, 150, 270);
        // 绘制椭圆
        canvas.drawOval(re21, paint);
        Path path3 = new Path();
        path3.moveTo(90, 340);
        path3.lineTo(150, 340);
        path3.lineTo(120, 290);
        path3.close();
        // 绘制三角形
        canvas.drawPath(path3, paint);
        Path path4 = new Path();
        path4.moveTo(106, 360);
        path4.lineTo(134, 360);
        path4.lineTo(150, 392);
        path4.lineTo(120, 420);
        path4.lineTo(90, 392);
        path4.close();
        // 绘制五角形
        canvas.drawPath(path4, paint);
        // ----------设置渐变器后绘制----------
        // 为Paint设置渐变器
        Shader mShader = new LinearGradient(0, 0, 40, 60, new int[] {
                Color.RED, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE, Color.YELLOW }, null,
                Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
        paint.setShader(mShader);
        // 设置阴影
        paint.setShadowLayer(45, 10, 10, Color.GRAY);
        // 绘制圆形
        canvas.drawCircle(200, 40, 30, paint);
        // 绘制正方形
        canvas.drawRect(170, 80, 230, 140, paint);
        // 绘制矩形
        canvas.drawRect(170, 150, 230, 190, paint);
        RectF re3 = new RectF(170, 200, 230, 230);
        // 绘制圆角矩形
        canvas.drawRoundRect(re3, 15, 15, paint);
        RectF re31 = new RectF(170, 240, 230, 270);
        // 绘制椭圆
        canvas.drawOval(re31, paint);
        Path path5 = new Path();
        path5.moveTo(170, 340);
        path5.lineTo(230, 340);
        path5.lineTo(200, 290);
        path5.close();
        // 根据Path进行绘制，绘制三角形
        canvas.drawPath(path5, paint);
        Path path6 = new Path();
        path6.moveTo(186, 360);
        path6.lineTo(214, 360);
        path6.lineTo(230, 392);
        path6.lineTo(200, 420);
        path6.lineTo(170, 392);
        path6.close();
        // 根据Path进行绘制，绘制五角形
        canvas.drawPath(path6, paint);
        // ----------设置字符大小后绘制----------
        paint.setTextSize(24);
        paint.setShader(null);
        // 绘制7个字符串
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.circle), 240, 50,paint);
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.square), 240, 120,paint);
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.rect), 240, 175,paint);
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.round_rect), 230,220, paint);
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.oval), 240, 260,paint);
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.triangle), 240, 325,paint);
        canvas.drawText(getResources().getString(R.string.pentagon), 240, 390,paint);
    }
}


Android学习绘制图形


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