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[iOS微博项目 - 1.0] - 搭建基本框架
A.搭建基本环境
github: https://github.com/hellovoidworld/HVWWeibo
项目结构:
1.使用代码构建UI，不使用storyboard
AppDelegate:
1 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 2 // Override point for customization after application launch. 3 4 // 启动后显示状态栏 5 UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 6 app.statusBarHidden = NO; 7 8 // 设置window 9 self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] init];10 self.window.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;11 12 [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];13 14 return YES;15 }
2.使用LaunchImage作为启动图，不使用xib
3.配置图标AppIcon
不使用系统渲染图标
4.设置屏幕方向-->只有竖向
5.启动时隐藏状态栏
B.项目分层 & 创建PCH
1.项目分层
为了让在Finder中显示跟Xcode中显示都是分层效果，首先在Finder中建文件目录层次
再把文件目录拖入Xcode
2.创建并配置一个pch文件，来用声明全局公共宏命令
配置：
C.添加子控制器
1.为每个Tab创建一个集成UITableViewController的类
分别是：首页、信息、发现、我
2.创建一个集成UITabBarController的类作为window的rootViewController
AppDelegate:
1 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 2 // Override point for customization after application launch. 3 4 // 启动后显示状态栏 5 UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication]; 6 app.statusBarHidden = NO; 7 8 // 设置window 9 self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] init];10 self.window.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;11 12 // 创建根控制器13 HVWTabBarViewController *tabVC = [[HVWTabBarViewController alloc] init];14 self.window.rootViewController = tabVC;15 16 [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];17 18 return YES;19 }
3.在上述的TabBarController中创建并添加子控件
HVWTabBarViewController.m :
1 - (void)viewDidLoad { 2 [super viewDidLoad]; 3 // Do any additional setup after loading the view. 4 5 // 添加子控制器 6 // 首页 7 HVWHomeViewController *homeVC = [[HVWHomeViewController alloc] init]; 8 homeVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; 9 homeVC.title = @"首页";10 [self addChildViewController:homeVC];11 12 // 消息13 HVWMessageViewController *messageVC = [[HVWMessageViewController alloc] init];14 messageVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];15 messageVC.title = @"消息";16 [self addChildViewController:messageVC];17 18 // 发现19 HVWDiscoverViewController *discoverVC = [[HVWDiscoverViewController alloc] init];20 discoverVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];21 discoverVC.title = @"发现";22 [self addChildViewController:discoverVC];23 24 // 我25 HVWProfileViewController *profileVC = [[HVWProfileViewController alloc] init];26 profileVC.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];27 profileVC.title = @"我";28 [self addChildViewController:profileVC];29 }
4.为tab添加图片
1.需求：要区分iOS7之前及之后的系统，使用不同的图片
这里创建一个UIImage的分类，新写一个加载图片的的方法，用来自动检测系统版本并加载不同的图片
（1）iOS6使用普通图片, iOS7及以上系统版本使用的是带有"_os7"结尾的图片
（2）添加一条用来判别系统版本的宏
HVWWeibo-Prefix.pch:
1 #ifndef HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 2 #define HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 3 4 // Include any system framework and library headers here that should be included in all compilation units. 5 // You will also need to set the Prefix Header build setting of one or more of your targets to reference this file. 6 7 // 判别是否iOS7或以上版本系统 8 #define iOS7 ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 7.0) 9 10 #endif
（3）创建UIImage+Extension分类
UIImage+Extension.m:
1 #import "UIImage+Extension.h" 2 3 @implementation UIImage (Extension) 4 5 + (UIImage *) imageWithNamed:(NSString *) imageName { 6 UIImage *image = nil; 7 8 // 如果是iOS7或以上版本 9 if (iOS7) {10 image = [UIImage imageNamed:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@_os7", imageName]];11 }12 13 // 如果是iOS614 if (nil == image) {15 image = [UIImage imageNamed:imageName];16 }17 18 return image;19 }20 21 @end
（4）添加tab图标
封装一下创建子控制器的代码
HVWTabBarViewController.m:
1 #import "HVWTabBarViewController.h" 2 #import "HVWHomeViewController.h" 3 #import "HVWMessageViewController.h" 4 #import "HVWDiscoverViewController.h" 5 #import "HVWProfileViewController.h" 6 #import "UIImage+Extension.h" 7 8 @interface HVWTabBarViewController () 9 10 @end11 12 @implementation HVWTabBarViewController13 14 - (void)viewDidLoad {15 [super viewDidLoad];16 // Do any additional setup after loading the view.17 18 // 添加子控制器19 // 首页20 HVWHomeViewController *homeVC = [[HVWHomeViewController alloc] init];21 [self addChildViewController:homeVC WithTitle:@"首页" image:@"tabbar_home" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_home_selected"];22 23 // 消息24 HVWMessageViewController *messageVC = [[HVWMessageViewController alloc] init];25 [self addChildViewController:messageVC WithTitle:@"消息" image:@"tabbar_message_center" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_message_center_selected"];26 27 // 发现28 HVWDiscoverViewController *discoverVC = [[HVWDiscoverViewController alloc] init];29 [self addChildViewController:discoverVC WithTitle:@"发现" image:@"tabbar_discover" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_discover_selected"];30 31 // 我32 HVWProfileViewController *profileVC = [[HVWProfileViewController alloc] init];33 [self addChildViewController:profileVC WithTitle:@"我" image:@"tabbar_profile" seletectedImage:@"tabbar_profile_selected"];34 35 }36 37 /** 添加tab子控制器 */38 - (void) addChildViewController:(UIViewController *) viewController WithTitle:(NSString *) title image:(NSString *) imageName seletectedImage:(NSString *) selectedImageName {39 40 // 设置随机背景色41 viewController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 green:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 blue:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 alpha:1.0];42 43 // 设置标题44 viewController.title = title;45 // 设置图标46 viewController.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageWithNamed:imageName];47 48 // 被选中时图标49 UIImage *selectedImage = [UIImage imageWithNamed:selectedImageName];50 // 如果是iOS7，不要渲染被选中的tab图标（iOS7中会自动渲染成为蓝色）51 if (iOS7) {52 selectedImage = [selectedImage imageWithRenderingMode:UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysOriginal];53 }54 viewController.tabBarItem.selectedImage = selectedImage;55 56 // 添加子控制器57 [self addChildViewController:viewController];58 }59 60 @end
D.添加导航控制器
1.只是在每个tab的controller上包装了一个UINavigationController
HVWTabBarViewController.m:
1 /** 添加tab子控制器 */ 2 - (void) addChildViewController:(UIViewController *) viewController WithTitle:(NSString *) title image:(NSString *) imageName seletectedImage:(NSString *) selectedImageName { 3 4 // 设置随机背景色 5 viewController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 green:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 blue:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 alpha:1.0]; 6 7 // 设置标题，直接设置title可以同时设置tabBarItem和navigationItem的title 8 // viewController.tabBarItem.title = title; 9 // viewController.navigationItem.title = title;10 viewController.title = title;11 12 // 设置图标13 viewController.tabBarItem.image = [UIImage imageWithNamed:imageName];14 15 // 被选中时图标16 UIImage *selectedImage = [UIImage imageWithNamed:selectedImageName];17 // 如果是iOS7，不要渲染被选中的tab图标（iOS7中会自动渲染成为蓝色）18 if (iOS7) {19 selectedImage = [selectedImage imageWithRenderingMode:UIImageRenderingModeAlwaysOriginal];20 }21 viewController.tabBarItem.selectedImage = selectedImage;22 23 // 添加子控制器24 UINavigationController *nav = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:viewController];25 [self addChildViewController:nav];26 }
2.进入非NavigationController的rootViewController的时候，隐藏底部的TabBar
自定义一个集成UINavigationController的类，代替原来的原生类
重写pushViewController方法，当push的时候隐藏TabBar
#mark：此方法可以作用与所有的非rootViewController，非常好用
HVWNavigationViewController.m:
1 #import "HVWNavigationViewController.h" 2 3 @interface HVWNavigationViewController () 4 5 @end 6 7 @implementation HVWNavigationViewController 8 9 - (void)viewDidLoad {10 [super viewDidLoad];11 // Do any additional setup after loading the view.12 }13 14 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {15 [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];16 // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.17 }18 19 /** 重写push方法 */20 - (void)pushViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated {21 // 如果不是根控制器，隐藏TabBar22 if (self.viewControllers.count > 0) {23 // 注意这里不是self（navigationController），是push出来的ViewContoller隐藏TabBar24 viewController.hidesBottomBarWhenPushed = YES;25 }26 27 // 最后一定要调用父类的方法28 [super pushViewController:viewController animated:animated];29 }30 31 @end
E.添加导航栏按钮
需要给各个Tab还有其下的页面添加导航栏按钮
1.在pch文件添加一个随机颜色宏定义和一个debug模式下的log函数
1 // HVWWeibo-Prefix.pch 2 #ifndef HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 3 #define HVWWeibo_HVWWeibo_Prefix_pch 4 5 // Include any system framework and library headers here that should be included in all compilation units. 6 // You will also need to set the Prefix Header build setting of one or more of your targets to reference this file. 7 8 #ifdef __OBJC__ 9 #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>10 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>11 #import "UIImage+Extension.h"12 #endif13 14 // 测试用log15 #ifdef DEBUG16 #define HVWLog(...) NSLog(__VA_ARGS__)17 #else18 #define HVWLog(...)19 #endif20 21 // 判别是否iOS7或以上版本系统22 #define iOS7 ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 7.0)23 24 // 随机颜色25 #define RandomColor [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 green:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 blue:arc4random_uniform(256)/255.0 alpha:1.0]26 27 28 #endif
使用宏定义的log函数，只有在debug模式下才会转化成为NSLog，release的时候会转为空
1 /** 寻找朋友按钮事件 */2 - (void) searchFriend {3 HVWLog(@"searchFriend");4 }
这里可以修改运行模式：
2.创建一个集成UIBarButtonItem的分类，用来创建使用UIButton作为按钮图标的item
1 // 2 // UIBarButtonItem+Extension.m 3 // HVWWeibo 4 // 5 // Created by hellovoidworld on 15/1/31. 6 // Copyright (c) 2015年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved. 7 // 8 9 #import "UIBarButtonItem+Extension.h"10 11 @implementation UIBarButtonItem (Extension)12 13 + (instancetype) itemWithImage:(NSString *) imageName hightlightedImage:(NSString *) highlightedImageName target:(id)target selector:(SEL)selector {14 UIBarButtonItem *item = [[self alloc] init];15 16 // 创建按钮17 UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];18 UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:imageName];19 [button setImage:image forState:UIControlStateNormal];20 [button setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:highlightedImageName] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];21 22 // 一定要设置frame，才能显示23 button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, image.size.width, image.size.height);24 25 // 设置事件26 [button addTarget:target action:selector forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];27 28 item.customView = button;29 return item;30 }31 32 @end
3.sample：在“首页”页面加上导航栏按钮
1 // HVWHomeViewController.m 2 - (void)viewDidLoad { 3 [super viewDidLoad]; 4 5 // 添加导航控制器按钮 6 // 左边按钮 7 self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [HVWBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_friendsearch" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_friendsearch_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(searchFriend)]; 8 9 // 右边按钮10 self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [HVWBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_pop" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_pop_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(pop)];11 }12 13 /** 左边导航栏按钮事件 */14 - (void) searchFriend {15 HVWLog(@"searchFriend");16 }17 18 /** 右边导航栏按钮事件 */19 - (void) pop {20 HVWLog(@"pop");21 }
4.给所有非rootViewController加上“返回”按钮和“直接回到rootViewController”按钮
在HVWNavigationViewController的push方法中实现
#mark：由于是在NavigationController中实现，可以一举实现在所有非rootViewController中的效果。
1 // HVWNavigationViewController.m 2 /** 重写push方法 */ 3 - (void)pushViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController animated:(BOOL)animated { 4 // 如果不是根控制器，隐藏TabBar 5 if (self.viewControllers.count > 0) { 6 // 注意这里不是self（navigationController），是push出来的ViewContoller隐藏TabBar 7 viewController.hidesBottomBarWhenPushed = YES; 8 9 // 加上“返回上一层”按钮和“直接回到根控制器”按钮10 viewController.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [UIBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_back" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_back_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(back)];11 12 viewController.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [UIBarButtonItem itemWithImage:@"navigationbar_more" hightlightedImage:@"navigationbar_more_highlighted" target:self selector:@selector(more)];13 }14 15 // 最后一定要调用父类的方法16 [super pushViewController:viewController animated:animated];17 }18 19 /** 返回上一层 */20 - (void) back {21 [self popViewControllerAnimated:YES];22 }23 24 /** 返回根控制器 */25 - (void) more {26 [self popToRootViewControllerAnimated:YES];27 }
[iOS微博项目 - 1.0] - 搭建基本框架
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