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java-信息安全(十二)-数字签名【Java证书体系实现】

概述

信息安全基本概念

数字证书

  数字证书就是互联网通讯中标志通讯各方身份信息的一串数字,提供了一种在Internet上验证通信实体身份的方式,数字证书不是数字身份证,而是身份认证机构盖在数字身份证上的一个章或印(或者说加在数字身份证上的一个签名)。它是由权威机构——CA机构,又称为证书授权(Certificate Authority)中心发行的,人们可以在网上用它来识别对方的身份。

参考地址

  http://snowolf.iteye.com/blog/391931

  java-信息安全(五)-非对称加密算法RSA

证书的制作

1.生成keyStroe文件

在命令行下执行以下命令:

keytool -genkey -validity 36000 -alias www.zlex.org -keyalg RSA -keystore d:\zlex.keystore

其中 
-genkey表示生成密钥 
-validity指定证书有效期,这里是36000天 
-alias指定别名,这里是www.zlex.org 
-keyalg指定算法,这里是RSA 
-keystore指定存储位置,这里是d:\zlex.keystore 

在这里我使用的密码为 123456 

控制台输出: 

输入keystore密码:  再次输入新密码:  您的名字与姓氏是什么?    [Unknown]:  www.zlex.org  您的组织单位名称是什么?    [Unknown]:  zlex  您的组织名称是什么?    [Unknown]:  zlex  您所在的城市或区域名称是什么?    [Unknown]:  BJ  您所在的州或省份名称是什么?    [Unknown]:  BJ  该单位的两字母国家代码是什么    [Unknown]:  CN  CN=www.zlex.org, OU=zlex, O=zlex, L=BJ, ST=BJ, C=CN 正确吗?    [否]:  Y    输入<tomcat>的主密码          (如果和 keystore 密码相同,按回车):  再次输入新密码:  

这时,在D盘下会生成一个zlex.keystore的文件。 

2.生成自签名证书

光有keyStore文件是不够的,还需要证书文件,证书才是直接提供给外界使用的公钥凭证。 
导出证书: 

keytool -export -keystore d:\zlex.keystore -alias www.zlex.org -file d:\zlex.cer -rfc 

其中 
-export指定为导出操作 
-keystore指定keystore文件 
-alias指定导出keystore文件中的别名 
-file指向导出路径 
-rfc以文本格式输出,也就是以BASE64编码输出 
这里的密码是 123456 

控制台输出:

输入keystore密码:  保存在文件中的认证 <d:\zlex.cer>  

当然,使用方是需要导入证书的! 
可以通过自签名证书完成CAS单点登录系统的构建。

示例代码 

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package com.jd.order.util.encryption;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.security.KeyStore;import java.security.PrivateKey;import java.security.PublicKey;import java.security.Signature;import java.security.cert.Certificate;import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.util.Date;import javax.crypto.Cipher;import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;/** * 证书组件 *  * @author * @since 2017年3月17日下午12:04:38 * @version %I%,%G% */public class CertificateCoder {    /**     * Java密钥库(Java Key Store,JKS)KEY_STORE     */    public static final String KEY_STORE = "JKS";    public static final String X509 = "X.509";    /**     * 由KeyStore获得私钥     *      * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyStorePath, String alias,            String password) throws Exception {        KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);        PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());        return key;    }    /**     * 由Certificate获得公钥     *      * @param certificatePath     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    private static PublicKey getPublicKey(String certificatePath)            throws Exception {        Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);        PublicKey key = certificate.getPublicKey();        return key;    }    /**     * 获得Certificate     *      * @param certificatePath     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    private static Certificate getCertificate(String certificatePath)            throws Exception {        CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory                .getInstance(X509);        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(certificatePath);        Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(in);        in.close();        return certificate;    }    /**     * 获得Certificate     *      * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    private static Certificate getCertificate(String keyStorePath,            String alias, String password) throws Exception {        KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);        Certificate certificate = ks.getCertificate(alias);        return certificate;    }    /**     * 获得KeyStore     *      * @param keyStorePath     * @param password     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    private static KeyStore getKeyStore(String keyStorePath, String password)            throws Exception {        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath);        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KEY_STORE);        ks.load(is, password.toCharArray());        is.close();        return ks;    }    /**     * 私钥加密     *      * @param data     * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,            String alias, String password) throws Exception {        // 取得私钥        PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);        // 对数据加密        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);        return cipher.doFinal(data);    }    /**     * 私钥解密     *      * @param data     * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,            String alias, String password) throws Exception {        // 取得私钥        PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);        // 对数据加密        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);        return cipher.doFinal(data);    }    /**     * 公钥加密     *      * @param data     * @param certificatePath     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)            throws Exception {        // 取得公钥        PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);        // 对数据加密        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);        return cipher.doFinal(data);    }    /**     * 公钥解密     *      * @param data     * @param certificatePath     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)            throws Exception {        // 取得公钥        PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);        // 对数据加密        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);        return cipher.doFinal(data);    }    /**     * 验证Certificate     *      * @param certificatePath     * @return     */    public static boolean verifyCertificate(String certificatePath) {        return verifyCertificate(new Date(), certificatePath);    }    /**     * 验证Certificate是否过期或无效     *      * @param date     * @param certificatePath     * @return     */    public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String certificatePath) {        boolean status = true;        try {            // 取得证书            Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);            // 验证证书是否过期或无效            status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);        } catch (Exception e) {            status = false;        }        return status;    }    /**     * 验证证书是否过期或无效     *      * @param date     * @param certificate     * @return     */    private static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, Certificate certificate) {        boolean status = true;        try {            X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;            x509Certificate.checkValidity(date);        } catch (Exception e) {            status = false;        }        return status;    }    /**     * 签名     *      * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     *      * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static String sign(byte[] sign, String keyStorePath, String alias,            String password) throws Exception {        // 获得证书        X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(                keyStorePath, alias, password);        // 获取私钥        KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);        // 取得私钥        PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias,                password.toCharArray());        // 构建签名        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate                .getSigAlgName());        signature.initSign(privateKey);        signature.update(sign);        return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());    }    /**     * 验证签名     *      * @param data     * @param sign     * @param certificatePath     * @return     * @throws Exception     */    public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String sign,            String certificatePath) throws Exception {        // 获得证书        X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(certificatePath);        // 获得公钥        PublicKey publicKey = x509Certificate.getPublicKey();        // 构建签名        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate                .getSigAlgName());        signature.initVerify(publicKey);        signature.update(data);        return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));    }    /**     * 验证Certificate     *      * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     * @return     */    public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String keyStorePath,            String alias, String password) {        boolean status = true;        try {            Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath, alias,                    password);            status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);        } catch (Exception e) {            status = false;        }        return status;    }    /**     * 验证Certificate     *      * @param keyStorePath     * @param alias     * @param password     * @return     */    public static boolean verifyCertificate(String keyStorePath, String alias,            String password) {        return verifyCertificate(new Date(), keyStorePath, alias, password);    }    public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String data) {        return Base64.decodeBase64(data);    }    public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] data) {        return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(data));    }}
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测试代码

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package com.jd.order.util.encryption;import static org.junit.Assert.*;import org.junit.Test;public class CertificateCoderTest {    private String password = "123456";    private String alias = "www.zlex.org";    private String certificatePath = "d:/zlex.cer";    private String keyStorePath = "d:/zlex.keystore";    @Test    public void test() throws Exception {        System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");        String inputStr = "Ceritifcate";        byte[] data =http://www.mamicode.com/ inputStr.getBytes();        byte[] encrypt = CertificateCoder.encryptByPublicKey(data,                certificatePath);        byte[] decrypt = CertificateCoder.decryptByPrivateKey(encrypt,                keyStorePath, alias, password);        String outputStr = new String(decrypt);        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);        // 验证数据一致        assertArrayEquals(data, decrypt);        // 验证证书有效        assertTrue(CertificateCoder.verifyCertificate(certificatePath));    }    @Test    public void testSign() throws Exception {        System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密");        String inputStr = "sign";        byte[] data =http://www.mamicode.com/ inputStr.getBytes();        byte[] encodedData =http://www.mamicode.com/ CertificateCoder.encryptByPrivateKey(data,                keyStorePath, alias, password);        byte[] decodedData =http://www.mamicode.com/ CertificateCoder.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData,                certificatePath);        String outputStr = new String(decodedData);        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);        assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);        System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");        // 产生签名        String sign = CertificateCoder.sign(encodedData, keyStorePath, alias,                password);        System.err.println("签名:\r" + sign);        // 验证签名        boolean status = CertificateCoder.verify(encodedData, sign,                certificatePath);        System.err.println("状态:\r" + status);        assertTrue(status);    }}
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输出

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私钥加密——公钥解密加密前: sign解密后: sign私钥签名——公钥验证签名签名:XUbpM/Qho/BkzOVu3LiaDfWoILzfZG6IuHr6ICcoNo5i0E/3HfCXG/nT3xfIOGcRQdVHrfSXDAVWQZ9hJ+epnpBHRoCb3rqZMZZdEKZWh5fDat1AbrhX5obIbZtgAwPgbGajg2JDSqywNd2aHIJgWBFFdID6Buvz9UVJqFA+jqc=状态:true公钥加密——私钥解密加密前: Ceritifcate解密后: Ceritifcate
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java-信息安全(十二)-数字签名【Java证书体系实现】