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python_study-1

2024-09-07 23:50:07   224人阅读

# Author:larlly
‘‘‘
函数
1.在Python交互式命令行下，可以直接输入代码，然后执行，并立刻得到结果。
2.文本编辑器推荐俩款
    http://www.sublimetext.com/
    https://notepad-plus-plus.org/
3.python运行助手  learning.py
  1 # Author:larlly
  2 # python运行助手
  3 r‘‘‘
  4 learning.py
  5 
  6 A Python 3 tutorial from http://www.liaoxuefeng.com
  7 
  8 Usage:
  9 
 10 python3 learning.py
 11 ‘‘‘
 12 
 13 import sys
 14 
 15 def check_version():
 16     v = sys.version_info
 17     if v.major == 3 and v.minor >= 4:
 18         return True
 19     print(‘Your current python is %d.%d. Please use Python 3.4.‘ % (v.major, v.minor))
 20     return False
 21 
 22 if not check_version():
 23     exit(1)
 24 
 25 import os, io, json, subprocess, tempfile
 26 from urllib import parse
 27 from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
 28 
 29 EXEC = sys.executable
 30 PORT = 39093
 31 HOST = ‘local.liaoxuefeng.com:%d‘ % PORT
 32 TEMP = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix=‘_py‘, prefix=‘learn_python_‘)
 33 INDEX = 0
 34 
 35 def main():
 36     httpd = make_server(‘127.0.0.1‘, PORT, application)
 37     print(‘Ready for Python code on port %d...‘ % PORT)
 38     httpd.serve_forever()
 39 
 40 def get_name():
 41     global INDEX
 42     INDEX = INDEX + 1
 43     return ‘test_%d‘ % INDEX
 44 
 45 def write_py(name, code):
 46     fpath = os.path.join(TEMP, ‘%s.py‘ % name)
 47     with open(fpath, ‘w‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
 48         f.write(code)
 49     print(‘Code wrote to: %s‘ % fpath)
 50     return fpath
 51 
 52 def decode(s):
 53     try:
 54         return s.decode(‘utf-8‘)
 55     except UnicodeDecodeError:
 56         return s.decode(‘gbk‘)
 57 
 58 def application(environ, start_response):
 59     host = environ.get(‘HTTP_HOST‘)
 60     method = environ.get(‘REQUEST_METHOD‘)
 61     path = environ.get(‘PATH_INFO‘)
 62     if method == ‘GET‘ and path == ‘/‘:
 63         start_response(‘200 OK‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘text/html‘)])
 64         return [b‘<html><head><title>Learning Python</title></head><body><form method="post" action="/run"><textarea name="code" style="width:90%;height: 600px"></textarea><p><button type="submit">Run</button></p></form></body></html>‘]
 65     if method == ‘GET‘ and path == ‘/env‘:
 66         start_response(‘200 OK‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘text/html‘)])
 67         L = [b‘<html><head><title>ENV</title></head><body>‘]
 68         for k, v in environ.items():
 69             p = ‘<p>%s = %s‘ % (k, str(v))
 70             L.append(p.encode(‘utf-8‘))
 71         L.append(b‘</html>‘)
 72         return L
 73     if host != HOST or method != ‘POST‘ or path != ‘/run‘ or not environ.get(‘CONTENT_TYPE‘, ‘‘).lower().startswith(‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded‘):
 74         start_response(‘400 Bad Request‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘application/json‘)])
 75         return [b‘{"error":"bad_request"}‘]
 76     s = environ[‘wsgi.input‘].read(int(environ[‘CONTENT_LENGTH‘]))
 77     qs = parse.parse_qs(s.decode(‘utf-8‘))
 78     if not ‘code‘ in qs:
 79         start_response(‘400 Bad Request‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘application/json‘)])
 80         return [b‘{"error":"invalid_params"}‘]
 81     name = qs[‘name‘][0] if ‘name‘ in qs else get_name()
 82     code = qs[‘code‘][0]
 83     headers = [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘application/json‘)]
 84     origin = environ.get(‘HTTP_ORIGIN‘, ‘‘)
 85     if origin.find(‘.liaoxuefeng.com‘) == -1:
 86         start_response(‘400 Bad Request‘, [(‘Content-Type‘, ‘application/json‘)])
 87         return [b‘{"error":"invalid_origin"}‘]
 88     headers.append((‘Access-Control-Allow-Origin‘, origin))
 89     start_response(‘200 OK‘, headers)
 90     r = dict()
 91     try:
 92         fpath = write_py(name, code)
 93         print(‘Execute: %s %s‘ % (EXEC, fpath))
 94         r[‘output‘] = decode(subprocess.check_output([EXEC, fpath], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, timeout=5))
 95     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
 96         r = dict(error=‘Exception‘, output=decode(e.output))
 97     except subprocess.TimeoutExpired as e:
 98         r = dict(error=‘Timeout‘, output=‘执行超时‘)
 99     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
100         r = dict(error=‘Error‘, output=‘执行错误‘)
101     print(‘Execute done.‘)
102     return [json.dumps(r).encode(‘utf-8‘)]
103 
104 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
105     main()

 



    需要支持HTML5的浏览器：
    IE >= 9
    Firefox
    Chrome
    Sarafi

输出函数  print()
输入函数  input()
退出函数  exit()

    3.x默认支持中文   2.x需要添加     #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
‘‘‘
print(‘100 + 200 =‘,100+200 )
print("hello world ","你好，世界")
print(1024 * 768)

#python基础

#print absolute value of an integet

a = 100
if a>=0:
    print(a)
else:
    print(-a)

#print 俩行\      \本身也需要转义
print(‘\\\n\\‘)

#转义太多，可以考虑r‘‘
print(r‘\\\\t\\‘)

#如果字符串内部有很多换行，用\n写在一行里不好阅读，为了简化，Python允许用‘‘‘...‘‘‘的格式表示多行内容
print(‘‘‘line1
... line2
... line3‘‘‘)
#上面是在交互式命令行内输入，注意在输入多行内容时，提示符由>>>变为...，提示你可以接着上一行输入。如果写成程序，就是：

print(‘‘‘line1
line2
line3‘‘‘)

#多行字符串‘‘‘...‘‘‘还可以在前面加上r使用

#布尔值可以用and/or/not  对应  与/或/非
print(True)
print(False)
print(True and False)
print(True or False)
print(not True)

#在Python中，通常用全部大写的变量名表示常量：

#运算符/和//，   /计算结果浮点数，    //地板除，结果是整数
print(10/3)
print(10//3)

#字符编码
#   ASCII  一个字节  GB2312     Unicode     俩个字节     GBK        GB18030      utf-8  可变长编码

#对于单个字符的编码，Python提供了ord()函数获取字符的整数表示，chr()函数把编码转换为对应的字符

print(ord(‘A‘))
print(ord("中"))
print(chr(123))

#以Unicode表示的str通过encode()方法可以编码为指定的bytes，
name = ‘abc‘
print(name.encode(‘ascii‘))
name1 = ‘且听风吟‘
print(name1.encode(‘utf-8‘))

#我们从网络或磁盘上读取了字节流，那么读到的数据就是bytes。要把bytes变为str，就需要用decode()方法：
#name2 = "b‘abc‘"
#name3 = "b‘\xe4\xb8\x94\xe5\x90\xac\xe9\xa3\x8e\xe5\x90\x9f‘"     且听风吟的字节
print(b‘abc‘.decode(‘ascii‘))
print(b‘\xe4\xb8\x94\xe5\x90\xac\xe9\xa3\x8e\xe5\x90\x9f‘.decode(‘utf-8‘))


#计算str长度(即字节数)函数   len()
print(len(b‘abc‘))
print(len(b‘\xe4\xb8\x94\xe5\x90\xac\xe9\xa3\x8e\xe5\x90\x9f‘))
print(len("且听分吟".encode(‘utf-8‘)))

#可见，1个中文字符经过UTF-8编码后通常会占用3个字节，而1个英文字符只占用1个字节

#py文件中申明了utf-8编码并不意味着你的.py文件就是UTF-8编码的，必须并且要确保文本编辑器正在使用UTF-8 without BOM编码



python_study-1


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