四、硬盘使用率编程实现

1.硬盘使用率 命令df -lh

2.程序实现，调用statfs

int statfs(const char *path, struct statfs *buf);
int fstatfs(int fd, struct statfs *buf);
struct statfs {
long    f_type;    /* type of filesystem (see below) */
long    f_bsize;    /* optimal transfer block size */
long    f_blocks;  /* total data blocks in file system */
long    f_bfree;    /* free blocks in fs */
long    f_bavail;  /* free blocks avail to non-superuser */
long    f_files;    /* total file nodes in file system */
long    f_ffree;    /* free file nodes in fs */
fsid_t  f_fsid;    /* file system id */
long    f_namelen;  /* maximum length of filenames */
};

int fstatvfs(int fildes, struct statvfs *buf);
int statvfs(const char *restrict path, struct statvfs *restrict buf);

struct statvfs {
unsigned long  f_bsize;    /* file system block size */
unsigned long  f_frsize;  /* fragment size */
fsblkcnt_t    f_blocks;  /* size of fs in f_frsize units */
fsblkcnt_t    f_bfree;    /* # free blocks */
fsblkcnt_t    f_bavail;  /* # free blocks for non-root */
fsfilcnt_t    f_files;    /* # inodes */
fsfilcnt_t    f_ffree;    /* # free inodes */
fsfilcnt_t    f_favail;  /* # free inodes for non-root */
unsigned long  f_fsid;    /* file system id */
unsigned long  f_flag;    /* mount flags */
unsigned long  f_namemax;  /* maximum filename length */
};

#include <sys/vfs.h>
#include <sys/statvfs.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int gethd(char *path);
int main()
{
char buf[256],*ptr;
FILE *file;
while(1)
{
file=fopen("/etc/fstab","r");
if(!file)return;
memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
while(fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),file))
{
ptr=strtok(buf," ");
if(ptr&&((strncmp(ptr,"/dev",4)==0)))
{
ptr=strtok(NULL," ");
gethd(ptr);
}
}
fclose(file);
sleep(2);
}
}

int gethd(char *path)
{
struct statvfs stat1;
statvfs(path,&stat1);
if(stat1.f_flag)
printf("%s total=%dK free=%dK %0.1f%%

\n",path,stat1.f_bsize*stat1.f_blocks/1024,stat1.f_bsize*stat1.f_bfree/1024,

((float)stat1.f_blocks-(float)stat1.f_bfree)/(float)stat1.f_blocks*100);
}

shell

监视磁盘hda1

#!/bin/sh
# disk_mon
# monitor the disk space
# get percent column and strip off header row from df
LOOK_OUT=0
until [ "$LOOK_OUT" -gt "90" ]
do
  LOOK_OUT=`df | grep /hda1 | awk ‘{print $5}‘ | sed ‘s/%//g‘`
  echo $LOOK_OUT%
  sleep 1
done

echo "Disk hda1 is nearly full!"

hdtest.sh

#!/bin/ksh
#检测硬盘剩余空间并警告的shell&nbspV050921

#简单说明: 可由root用户将此脚本加入crontab,启动时间一般最好设为每天营业前,当此脚本启动时如检测到已用硬盘空间超过指定范围,则将hdwarning.sh脚本拷贝到指定用户根目录下;否则将删除指定用户的目录下的hdwarning.sh脚本.

usedhd=80           #自定义超限已用硬盘空间大小比例,默认为80%
test "$1" &&&nbspuserdir=$1 ||&nbspuserdir=/usr/scabs  #前台用户的目录(默认设为统版用户),也可在调用此脚本时加上指定前台用户的目录参数

hdwarning=$(df&nbsp-v |sed ‘1d;s/.$//;s/\/dev\///‘|awk ‘$6>‘"$usedhd"‘ {print $2," = ",$6"%"}‘)
test "$hdwarning" && {&nbspcp /usr/bin/hdwarning.sh ${userdir}/hdwarning.sh  \
> ${userdir}/hdwarning.log &nbspchmod&nbsp777 ${userdir}/hdwarning.sh ${userdir}/hdwarning.log  } \
|| {&nbsprm ${userdir}/hdwarning.sh&nbsp2>/dev/null  \
mv ${userdir}/hdwarning.log ${userdir}/hdwarning.log.bak&nbsp2>/dev/null  }

hdwarning.sh

#!/bin/ksh
#检测硬盘剩余空间并警告的shell&nbspV050921
#增加当超标时,只在预先指定的前N位预先的指定用户登录时才显示提示信息,
#即只有这前面N位用户才有可能及时反馈,避免当超标时接到过多的前台反馈电话&nbspV050923

#请先编辑指定用户根下的&nbsp.profile ,在最后追加一行
# &nbsptest&nbsp-x&nbsphdwarning.sh && &nbsp./hdwarning.sh
#若.profile最后已加入了自启动专用程序命令行,则请在此行前面插入上述行

#简单说明: 当指定用户登录后,若当前目录中hdwarning.sh脚本存在(一般此
#时硬盘已用空间已经超标),则运行此脚本,并在屏幕显示警告信息,此时终端
#操作人员应该及时将此信息把馈给预先指定的部门或预先指定的管理人员,
#以便作相应的处理.若未超标或已清理磁盘文件并达标,则将删除脚本自身
#hdwarning.sh(取消登录时的检测和警告信息)

usedhd=80               #自定义超限已用硬盘空间大小比例,默认为80%
loginnum=10             #自定义最初登录反馈的用户数,默认为前&nbsp10 位
name="运维部"           #接受反馈的部门或管理人员  
tel="2113714&nbsp2110394"   #接受反馈的部门或管理人员的联系方式或电话
test "$1" &&&nbspuserdir=$1 ||&nbspuserdir=/usr/scabs  #前台用户的目录(默认设为统版用户),也可在调用此
#脚本时加上指定前台用户的目录参数
hdwaring()
{&nbspttyname=$(tty)
echo ${ttyname##*

shell cpu====================================================================:

/proc目路下的内存文件系统映射了系统的运行时的一些信息，包括进程列表，
内存信息，CPU使用情况，还有网络等等
所以可以通过读/proc下的文件来实现统计信息的获取
但是，要注意的时不同的版本，将/proc下的每个文件中的类容会有一些差别，每一个项代表什么要自己分析，最好根据top的输出去分析
然后就可以通过shell教本或者C取得CPU使用率
比如：
我的机子是AS4(Kernel 2.6.9-5)
cat /proc/stat
cpu  1047871 11079 394341 1157538880 4909104 1945 61338
cpu0 352894 2950 157917 290318045 109839 0 49564
cpu1 234860 1978 115148 288108962 2522748 1028 6391
cpu2 106253 1674 52273 288601985 2225180 909 2839
cpu3 353863 4477 69001 290509888 51337 6 2543
intr 3021292348 2939335896 720 0 12 12 0 7 2 1 0 0 0 1951 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7217173 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74736544 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ctxt 379682110
btime 1158715143
processes 603543
procs_running 1
procs_blocked 0
然后就可以自己计算了

shell cpu MEM====================================================================:

就可以了吧

安装上篇文章的原则，使用C语言写了一段程序来计算CPU和内存利用率：

/*************************************************************
le:        statusinfo.c
 *
 *    @brief:        从linux系统获取cpu及内存使用情况
 *
 *    @version    1.0
 *
 ***************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct PACKED         //定义一个cpu occupy的结构体
{
	char name[20];      //定义一个char类型的数组名name有20个元素
	unsigned int user; //定义一个无符号的int类型的user
	unsigned int nice; //定义一个无符号的int类型的nice
	unsigned int system;//定义一个无符号的int类型的system
	unsigned int idle; //定义一个无符号的int类型的idle
	unsigned int lowait;
	unsigned int irq;
	unsigned int softirq;
}CPU_OCCUPY;

typedef struct __MEM
{
//	unsigned char name[20];
	float total;
	float free;
	}MEM;

int get_meminfo()
{
	MEM meminfo;
	memset(&meminfo,0x00,sizeof(MEM));
	FILE* fp = fopen("/proc/meminfo","r");

	if(fp == NULL)
	{
		printf("Can not open file\r\n");
		return 0;
	}
	
	char buf[64];
	char name[32];
	memset(buf,0x00,sizeof(buf));
	fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),fp);
	sscanf(buf,"%s %f %s",name,&meminfo.total,name);
	memset(buf,0x00,sizeof(buf));
	fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),fp);
	sscanf(buf,"%s %f %s",name,&meminfo.free,name);
	printf("buf is %s  name is %s %f\r\n",buf,name,meminfo.free);
	float temp;

	sscanf(buf,"%s			%f %s",name,&temp,name);
	printf("temp is %f \r\n",temp);
	double rate = (meminfo.total - meminfo.free)/meminfo.total;
	printf("%f  %f	rate is %f\r\n",meminfo.total,meminfo.free,rate);
	fclose(fp);
	return 1;
}

int cal_cpuoccupy (CPU_OCCUPY *o, CPU_OCCUPY *n) 
{   
	unsigned long od, nd;    
	unsigned long id, sd;
	double cpu_use = 0;   

	od = (unsigned long) (o->user + o->nice + o->system +o->idle + o->lowait + o->irq + o->softirq);//第一次(用户+优先级+系统+空闲)的时间再赋给od
	nd = (unsigned long) (n->user + n->nice + n->system +n->idle + n->lowait + n->irq + n->softirq);//第二次(用户+优先级+系统+空闲)的时间再赋给od

	double sum = nd - od;
	double idle = n->idle - o->idle;
	cpu_use = idle/sum;


	printf("%f\r\n",cpu_use);

	idle = n->user + n->system + n->nice -o->user - o->system- o->nice;
	cpu_use = idle/sum;

	printf("%f\r\n",cpu_use);
	return 0;
}

void get_cpuoccupy (CPU_OCCUPY *cpust) //对无类型get函数含有一个形参结构体类弄的指针O
{   
	FILE *fd;         
	int n;            
	char buff[256]; 
	CPU_OCCUPY *cpu_occupy;
	cpu_occupy=cpust;

	fd = fopen ("/proc/stat", "r"); 
	fgets (buff, sizeof(buff), fd);
	printf("%s\r\n",buff);
	sscanf (buff, "%s %u %u %u %u %u %u %u", cpu_occupy->name, &cpu_occupy->user, &cpu_occupy->nice,&cpu_occupy->system, &cpu_occupy->idle,&cpu_occupy->lowait,&cpu_occupy->irq,&cpu_occupy->softirq);
	printf("%s %u %u %u %u %u %u %u\r\n", cpu_occupy->name,cpu_occupy->user, cpu_occupy->nice,cpu_occupy->system, cpu_occupy->idle,cpu_occupy->lowait,cpu_occupy->irq,cpu_occupy->softirq);
	printf("%s %u\r\n", cpu_occupy->name,cpu_occupy->user);
	fclose(fd);     
}

int main()
{
	CPU_OCCUPY cpu_stat1;
	CPU_OCCUPY cpu_stat2;
	MEM_OCCUPY mem_stat;
	int cpu;
	//第一次获取cpu使用情况
	get_cpuoccupy((CPU_OCCUPY *)&cpu_stat1);
	sleep(10);

	//第二次获取cpu使用情况
	get_cpuoccupy((CPU_OCCUPY *)&cpu_stat2);

	//计算cpu使用率
	cpu = cal_cpuoccupy ((CPU_OCCUPY *)&cpu_stat1, (CPU_OCCUPY *)&cpu_stat2);
	printf("%d \r\n",cpu);	 
	//获取内存
	get_meminfo();
	return 0;
} 

编程获取linux的CPU使用率内存占用率