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安装文件制作工具NSIS的使用总结

2024-07-26 07:50:19   236人阅读

安装文件制作工具NSIS 使用总结
 
在给客户开发客户端软件时，为避免技术人员亲自上门安装带来额外的成本损耗，通常我们都会自作一个安装包，以确保我们开发的程序的相关依赖资源、环境在客户端运行前能自动地正确配置好。
 
NSIS是一个比较流行的安装文件制作工具，制作简单，提供脚本语言来定义环境和程序的静态资源配置，使得安装文件可定制化， 并能根据自定义的脚本文件自动生成可执行的安装包， 大大地简化了程序员的发布工作。
 
NSIS提供了多个脚本demo，可在UI上直接打开来查看其demo 并学习。
 
其脚本指令基本都用于设置安装程序的几大部件： 安装程序标题， 默认安装目录，待copy的文件， 目标地址及目录结构，运行环境设置：注册表， 卸载时的操作：删除文件，注册表。
 
因此其对应的脚本指令大概有以下几类：
1. 安装程序标题： Name
2. 默认安装目录：InstallDir
3. 待copy的文件： File
4. 目标地址及目录结构：InstallDir 
5. 运行环境设置：注册表，快捷方式： WriteRegStr，CreateShortCut
6. 卸载时的操作：删除文件,目录，注册表： Delete，RMDir, DeleteRegKey
 
 
注意点：
1.  如果程序需安装在C盘，在win vista后续版本需要获取 admin 权限。
2. 如需在目标地址下添加目录，则需在创建目录后，设置新的输出目录。
         CreateDirectory $INSTDIR\mplayer
         SetOutPath $INSTDIR\mplayer
 
 
 
脚本代码实例如下：
 
 ; VRA.nsi
;
; This script is based on VRA.nsi, but it remember the directory, 
; has uninstall support and (optionally) installs start menu shortcuts.
;
; It will install VRA.nsi into a directory that the user selects,

;--------------------------------

; The name of the installer
Name "VRA installer"
InstallDir "C:\VRA"

; The file to write
; OutFile "example2.exe"
OutFile "VRA_Installer.exe"
RequestExecutionLevel admin 


; The default installation directory
;InstallDir $PROGRAMFILES\VRA

; Registry key to check for directory (so if you install again, it will 
; overwrite the old one automatically)
InstallDirRegKey HKLM "Software\VRA" "Install_Dir"

; Request application privileges for Windows Vista
RequestExecutionLevel admin

;--------------------------------

; Pages

Page components
Page directory
Page instfiles

UninstPage uninstConfirm
UninstPage instfiles

;--------------------------------

; The stuff to install
Section "VRA (required)"

SectionIn RO

; Set output path to the installation directory.
SetOutPath $INSTDIR

; Put file there
;File "example2.nsi"
File "bz2.pyd"
File "MSVCP90.dll"
File "MSVCR90.dll"
File "msvcrt.dll"
File "pycpuid._pycpuid.pyd"
File "python27.dll"
File "pywintypes27.dll"
File "screen_left.bmp"
File "select.pyd"
File "unicodedata.pyd"
File "user32.dll"
File "VRA.exe"
File "VRA.exe.manifest"
File "win32api.pyd"
File "win32evtlog.pyd"
File "wx._controls_.pyd"
File "wx._core_.pyd"
File "wx._gdi_.pyd"
File "wx._misc_.pyd"
File "wx._windows_.pyd"
File "wxbase30u_net_vc90.dll"
File "wxbase30u_vc90.dll"
File "wxmsw30u_adv_vc90.dll"
File "wxmsw30u_core_vc90.dll"
File "wxmsw30u_html_vc90.dll"
File "_ctypes.pyd"
File "_hashlib.pyd"
File "_socket.pyd"
File "_ssl.pyd"
File "mplayer.exe"
CreateDirectory $INSTDIR\mplayer
SetOutPath $INSTDIR\mplayer
File "mplayer\config"
SetOutPath $INSTDIR

; Write the installation path into the registry
WriteRegStr HKLM SOFTWARE\VRA "Install_Dir" "$INSTDIR"
WriteRegStr HKCU "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" Shell "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe"

; Write the uninstall keys for Windows
WriteRegStr HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\VRA" "VRA" "VRA"
WriteRegStr HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\VRA" "Uninstall_VRA" ‘"$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"‘
WriteRegDWORD HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\VRA" "NoModify" 1
WriteRegDWORD HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\VRA" "NoRepair" 1
WriteUninstaller "uninstall.exe"

SectionEnd

; Optional section (can be disabled by the user)
Section "Start Menu Shortcuts"

CreateDirectory "$SMPROGRAMS\VRA"
CreateShortCut "$SMPROGRAMS\VRA\Uninstall.lnk" "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe" "" "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe" 0
CreateShortCut "$SMPROGRAMS\VRA\VRA.lnk" "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe" "" "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe" 0

SectionEnd



; Optional section (can be disabled by the user)
Section "Desktop Shortcuts" SectionX

SetShellVarContext current
CreateShortCut "$DESKTOP\VRA.lnk" "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe"
;WriteRegStr HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\layers" "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe" "RUNASADMIN"
SectionEnd


;--------------------------------

; Uninstaller

Section "Uninstall"

; Remove registry keys
DeleteRegKey HKLM "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\VRA"
DeleteRegKey HKLM SOFTWARE\VRA

; Remove files and uninstaller
;Delete $INSTDIR\example2.nsi
;Delete $INSTDIR\uninstall.exe
Delete "$INSTDIR\bz2.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest"
Delete "$INSTDIR\msvcm90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\msvcp90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\msvcr90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\msvcrt.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\pycpuid._pycpuid.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\python27.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\pywintypes27.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\screen_left.bmp"
Delete "$INSTDIR\select.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\unicodedata.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\user32.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe"
Delete "$INSTDIR\VRA.exe.manifest"
Delete "$INSTDIR\win32api.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\win32evtlog.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wx._controls_.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wx._core_.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wx._gdi_.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wx._misc_.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wx._windows_.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wxbase30u_net_vc90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wxbase30u_vc90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wxmsw30u_adv_vc90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wxmsw30u_core_vc90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\wxmsw30u_html_vc90.dll"
Delete "$INSTDIR\_ctypes.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\_hashlib.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\_socket.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\_ssl.pyd"
Delete "$INSTDIR\mplayer.exe"
Delete "$INSTDIR\mplayer\config"
Delete "init.check"
Delete "init.video"
Delete "kamhearing.log"
Delete "player_reg.dll"
Delete "uninstall.exe"

; Remove shortcuts, if any
Delete "$SMPROGRAMS\VRA\*.*"
Delete "$SMPROGRAMS\VRA\VRA.lnk"

; Remove directories used
RMDir "$SMPROGRAMS\VRA"
RMDir "$INSTDIR\mplayer"
RMDir "$INSTDIR"


SectionEnd

安装文件制作工具NSIS的使用总结


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