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iOS开发之排序方法比较

在开发应用程序的时候,有时我们需要对一组无序的内容进行排序,iOS中有系统自带的方法来对NSAray进行排序,我们来对这些方法进行性能上的对比:

NSComparator排序

NSDescriptor排序

function排序

quickSort排序

由于排序的对象经常是自定义的,因此我们定义一个如下的对象:

@interface Topic : NSObject@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger ID;@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *content;@end

然后生成一个包含10000个对象的数组,对像的ID都是随机的:

NSMutableArray *unSortedArray = [NSMutableArray new];for(NSInteger i = 0; i <10000;i++){    Topic *topic = [Topic new];     topic.ID = arc4random() % 10000;     topic.content = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"This is :%@",[NSNumber  numberWithLong: topic.ID]];    [unSortedArray addObject:topic];}        

计算时间差的方法:

  CFAbsoluteTime start = CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent();  CFAbsoluteTime end  = CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent();  NSLog(@"time cost: %0.3f ms", (end - start)*1000);

 

使用NSComparator排序

comparator的定义如下所示:

typedef NSComparisonResult (^NSComparator)(id obj1, id obj2); 

上面的参数(obj1、obj2)就是我们将要做比较的对象。block返回的结果为NSComparisonResult类型来表示两个对象的顺序。

对上述的无序array的对象ID进行排序,代码如下:

 NSArray *sortedArray = [unSortedArray sortedArrayUsingComparator:^(id obj1,id obj2)

   NSInteger val1
= ((Topic*)obj1).ID;
   NSInteger val2
= ((Topic*)obj2).ID;
  
//升序,假如需要降序的话,只需要修改下面的逻辑
  
if (val1 < val2)
  {
    
return NSOrderedAscending;
  }
  
else
  
{
    
return NSOrderedDescending;
  }

 

使用NSDescriptor排序

sort descriptor可以很方便的对数组进行多个key的排序。比如要对数组的对象先做ID排序,然后在对content进行排序的话,可以写成:

NSSortDescriptor *firstDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"ID" ascending:YES]; NSSortDescriptor *secondDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"content" ascending:YES];NSArray *sortArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:firstDescriptor,secondDescriptor,nil];NSArray  *sortedArray = [unSortedArray sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:sortArray];

 

使用函数排序

具体代码实现方式如下:

NSInteger customSort(id obj1, id obj2,void* context)
{
   Topic
*topic1 = (Topic*)obj1; Topic *topic2 = (Topic*)obj2; NSInteger val1 = topic1.ID; NSInteger val2 = topic2.ID; if (val1 > val2)
  {
return (NSComparisonResult)NSOrderedDescending; } if (val1 < val2)
  {
return (NSComparisonResult)NSOrderedAscending; } return (NSComparisonResult)NSOrderedSame;} sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingFunction:customSort context:nil];

 

快速排序

快速排序我想大多数的人都听过,由于排序效率在同为O(N*logN)的几种排序方法中效率较高,因此我们也对比以一下快排的表现,下面是快排的代码:

void quickSort(NSMutableArray *array, NSInteger first, NSInteger last, NSComparator comparator) 
{
if (first >= last) return; id pivot = array[(first + last) / 2]; NSInteger left = first; NSInteger right = last; while (left <= right) { while (comparator(array[left], pivot) == NSOrderedAscending) left++; while (comparator(array[right], pivot) == NSOrderedDescending) right--; if (left <= right) [array exchangeObjectAtIndex:left++ withObjectAtIndex:right--]; } quickSort(array, first, right, comparator); quickSort(array, left, last, comparator);}NSArray* sort(NSArray *unsorted, NSComparator comparator){ NSMutableArray *a = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:unsorted]; quickSort(a, 0, a.count - 1, comparator);return a;} sortedArray = sort(array, ^(id obj1, id obj2) { Topic *topic1 = (Topic*)obj1; Topic *topic2 = (Topic*)obj2; NSNumber *val1 =[NSNumber numberWithLong:topic1.ID]; NSNumber *val2 = [NSNumber numberWithLong:topic2.ID]; return [val1 compare:val2]; });

结果对比

iPhone4:2014-10-17 13:51:31.980 Algorithm_test[9578:907] NSComparator sort time cost: 163.708ms2014-10-17 13:51:32.273 Algorithm_test[9578:907] NSSortDescriptor sort time cost: 291.293ms2014-10-17 13:51:32.559 Algorithm_test[9578:907] function sort time cost: 281.485ms2014-10-17 13:51:36.582 Algorithm_test[9578:907] quick sort time cost: 4013.582ms
iPhone5s:
2014-10-17 14:02:59.323 Algorithm_test[2971:60b] NSComparator sort time cost: 19.238ms2014-10-17 14:02:59.348 Algorithm_test[2971:60b] NSSortDescriptor sort time cost: 24.183ms2014-10-17 14:02:59.380 Algorithm_test[2971:60b] function sort time cost: 31.967ms2014-10-17 14:02:59.468 Algorithm_test[2971:60b] quick sort time cost: 86.205ms

可以发现前3种系统自带的方法运行速度很快,即便是在4这种老机器排序10000个对象也不到1s的时间,可以看出苹果对算法的优化还是挺好的,但是快排的表现却不尽如人意,至于5s机器上,上述的排序时间都在几十毫秒,几乎可以忽略不计。因此建议在需要排序的时候采用系统自带的方法,至于用哪个可以看情况自己选择。

示例代码:https://github.com/FreeMind-LJ/HelloWrold/tree/master/Algorithm_test

iOS开发之排序方法比较