首页 > 代码库 > C# (GDI+相关) 图像处理(各种旋转、改变大小、柔化、锐化、雾化、底片、浮雕、黑白、滤镜效果) (转)
C# (GDI+相关) 图像处理(各种旋转、改变大小、柔化、锐化、雾化、底片、浮雕、黑白、滤镜效果) (转)
C#图像处理
（各种旋转、改变大小、柔化、锐化、雾化、底片、浮雕、黑白、滤镜效果）
一、各种旋转、改变大小
注意：先要添加画图相关的using引用。
//向右旋转图像90°代码如下:private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("rama.jpg");//加载图像
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);//填充窗体背景为白色
Point[] destinationPoints = {new Point(100, 0), // destination for upper-left point of original
new Point(100, 100),// destination for upper-right point of original
new Point(0, 0)}; // destination for lower-left point of original
g.DrawImage(bmp, destinationPoints);
}
//旋转图像180°代码如下:private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("rama.jpg");
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);Point[] destinationPoints = {new Point(0, 100), // destination for upper-left point of original
new Point(100, 100),// destination for upper-right point of original
new Point(0, 0)}; // destination for lower-left point of original
g.DrawImage(bmp, destinationPoints);
}
//图像切变代码:private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("rama.jpg");
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);Point[] destinationPoints = {new Point(0, 0), // destination for upper-left point of original
new Point(100, 0), // destination for upper-right point of original
new Point(50, 100)};// destination for lower-left point of original
g.DrawImage(bmp, destinationPoints);
}
//图像截取:private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("rama.jpg");
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);Rectangle sr = new Rectangle(80, 60, 400, 400);//要截取的矩形区域
Rectangle dr = new Rectangle(0, 0, 200, 200);//要显示到Form的矩形区域
g.DrawImage(bmp, dr, sr, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
}
//改变图像大小:private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("rama.jpg");
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);int width = bmp.Width;int height = bmp.Height;// 改变图像大小使用低质量的模式g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.NearestNeighbor;
g.DrawImage(bmp, new Rectangle(10, 10, 120, 120), // source rectangle
new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), // destination rectangle
GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
// 使用高质量模式//g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighSpeed;g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
g.DrawImage(
bmp,
new Rectangle(130, 10, 120, 120), new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height),GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
}
//设置图像的分辩率:private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("rama.jpg");
g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);bmp.SetResolution(300f, 300f);
g.DrawImage(bmp, 0, 0);
bmp.SetResolution(1200f, 1200f);
g.DrawImage(bmp, 180, 0);
}
//用GDI+画图private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics gForm = e.Graphics;
gForm.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);for (int i = 1; i <= 7; ++i)
{//在窗体上面画出橙色的矩形Rectangle r = new Rectangle(i*40-15, 0, 15,this.ClientRectangle.Height);gForm.FillRectangle(Brushes.Orange, r);
}
//在内存中创建一个Bitmap并设置CompositingModeBitmap bmp = new Bitmap(260, 260,System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
Graphics gBmp = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);
gBmp.CompositingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.CompositingMode.SourceCopy;
// 创建一个带有Alpha的红色区域// 并将其画在内存的位图里面Color red = Color.FromArgb(0x60, 0xff, 0, 0);
Brush redBrush = new SolidBrush(red);gBmp.FillEllipse(redBrush, 70, 70, 160, 160);
// 创建一个带有Alpha的绿色区域Color green = Color.FromArgb(0x40, 0, 0xff, 0);
Brush greenBrush = new SolidBrush(green);gBmp.FillRectangle(greenBrush, 10, 10, 140, 140);
//在窗体上面画出位图 now draw the bitmap on our windowgForm.DrawImage(bmp, 20, 20, bmp.Width, bmp.Height);
// 清理资源bmp.Dispose();
gBmp.Dispose();
redBrush.Dispose();
greenBrush.Dispose();
}
//在窗体上面绘图并显示图像private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Pen blackPen = new Pen(Color.Black, 1);if (ClientRectangle.Height / 10 > 0){for (int y = 0; y < ClientRectangle.Height; y += ClientRectangle.Height / 10)
{g.DrawLine(blackPen, new Point(0, 0), new Point(ClientRectangle.Width, y));
}
}
blackPen.Dispose();
}
C# 使用Bitmap类进行图片裁剪
在Mapwin（手机游戏地图编辑器）生成的地图txt文件中添加自己需要处理的数据后转换成可在手机（Ophone）开发环境中使用的字节流地图文件的小工具，其中就涉及到图片的裁剪和生成了。有以下几种方式。
方法一：拷贝像素。
当然这种方法是最笨的，效率也就低了些。
在Bitmap类中我们可以看到这样两个方法：GetPixel（int x, int y）和SetPixel（int x, int y, Color color）方法。从字面的含以上就知道前者是获取图像某点像素值，是用Color对象返回的；后者是将已知像素描画到制定的位置。
下面就来做个实例检验下：
1.首先创建一个Windows Form窗体程序，往该窗体上拖放7个PictureBox控件，第一个用于放置并显示原始的大图片，其后6个用于放置并显示裁剪后新生成的6个小图；
2.放置原始大图的PictureBox控件name属性命名为pictureBoxBmpRes，其后pictureBox1到pictureBox6依次命名，并放置在合适的位置；
3.双击Form窗体，然后在Form1_Load事件中加入下面的代码即可。
//导入图像资源 Bitmap bmpRes = null;String strPath = Application.ExecutablePath;
try{int nEndIndex = strPath.LastIndexOf(‘//‘);
strPath = strPath.Substring(0,nEndIndex) + "//Bmp//BmpResMM.bmp"; bmpRes = new Bitmap(strPath); //窗体上显示加载图片pictureBoxBmpRes.Width = bmpRes.Width;
pictureBoxBmpRes.Height = bmpRes.Height;
pictureBoxBmpRes.Image = bmpRes;
}
catch(Exception ex) { System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("图片资源加载失败！/r/n" + ex.ToString());}
//裁剪图片(裁成2行3列的6张图片) int nYClipNum = 2, nXClipNum = 3; Bitmap[] bmpaClipBmpArr = new Bitmap[nYClipNum * nXClipNum]; for (int nYClipNumIndex = 0; nYClipNumIndex < nYClipNum; nYClipNumIndex++)
{for (int nXClipNumIndex = 0; nXClipNumIndex < nXClipNum; nXClipNumIndex++)
{ int nClipWidth = bmpRes.Width / nXClipNum; int nClipHight = bmpRes.Height / nYClipNum; int nBmpIndex = nXClipNumIndex + nYClipNumIndex * nYClipNum + (nYClipNumIndex > 0?1:0); bmpaClipBmpArr[nBmpIndex] = new Bitmap(nClipWidth, nClipHight);for(int nY = 0; nY < nClipHight; nY++)
{for(int nX = 0; nX < nClipWidth; nX++)
{ int nClipX = nX + nClipWidth * nXClipNumIndex; int nClipY = nY + nClipHight * nYClipNumIndex;Color cClipPixel = bmpRes.GetPixel(nClipX, nClipY);
bmpaClipBmpArr[nBmpIndex].SetPixel(nX, nY, cClipPixel);
}
}
}
}
PictureBox[] picbShow = new PictureBox[nYClipNum * nXClipNum];picbShow[0] = pictureBox1;
picbShow[1] = pictureBox2;
picbShow[2] = pictureBox3;
picbShow[3] = pictureBox4;
picbShow[4] = pictureBox5;
picbShow[5] = pictureBox6;
for (int nLoop = 0; nLoop < nYClipNum * nXClipNum; nLoop++)
{picbShow[nLoop].Width = bmpRes.Width / nXClipNum;
picbShow[nLoop].Height = bmpRes.Height / nYClipNum;
picbShow[nLoop].Image = bmpaClipBmpArr[nLoop];
}
现在看看那些地方需要注意的了。其中
int nBmpIndex = nXClipNumIndex + nYClipNumIndex * nYClipNum + (nYClipNumIndex > 0?1:0);
这句定义了存储裁剪图片对象在数组中的索引，需要注意的就是后面的(nYClipNumIndex > 0?1:0)——因为只有当裁剪的对象处于第一行以外的行时需要将索引加1；
另外，因为这种方法的效率不高，程序运行起来还是顿了下。如果有兴趣的话，可以将以上的代码放到一个按钮Click事件函数中，当单击该按钮时就可以感觉到了。
方法二：运用Clone函数局部复制。
同样在Bitmap中可以找到Clone（）方法，该方法有三个重载方法。Clone（），Clone（Rectangle， PixelFormat）和Clone（RectangleF， PixelFormat）。第一个方法将创建并返回一个精确的实例对象，后两个就是我们这里需要用的局部裁剪了（其实后两个方法本人觉得用法上差不多）。
将上面的程序稍稍改进下——将裁剪的处理放到一个按钮事件函数中，然后再托一个按钮好窗体上，最后将下面的代码复制到该按钮的事件函数中。
for (int nYClipNumIndex = 0; nYClipNumIndex < nYClipNum; nYClipNumIndex++)
{for (int nXClipNumIndex = 0; nXClipNumIndex < nXClipNum; nXClipNumIndex++)
{ int nClipWidth = bmpRes.Width / nXClipNum; int nClipHight = bmpRes.Height / nYClipNum; int nBmpIndex = nXClipNumIndex + nYClipNumIndex * nYClipNum + (nYClipNumIndex > 0 ? 1 : 0);
Rectangle rClipRect = new Rectangle(nClipWidth * nXClipNumIndex,nClipHight * nYClipNumIndex,
nClipWidth,
nClipHight);
bmpaClipBmpArr[nBmpIndex] = bmpRes.Clone(rClipRect, bmpRes.PixelFormat);
}
}
运行程序，单击按钮检验下，发现速度明显快可很多。
其实这种方法较第一中方法不同的地方仅只是变换了for循环中的拷贝部分的处理，
Rectangle rClipRect = new Rectangle(nClipWidth * nXClipNumIndex,nClipHight * nYClipNumIndex,
nClipWidth,
nClipHight);
bmpaClipBmpArr[nBmpIndex] = bmpRes.Clone(rClipRect, bmpRes.PixelFormat);
一. 底片效果
原理: GetPixel方法获得每一点像素的值, 然后再使用SetPixel方法将取反后的颜色值设置到对应的点.
效果图:
代码实现:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //以底片效果显示图像 try {int Height = this.pictureBox1.Image.Height;
int Width = this.pictureBox1.Image.Width;
Bitmap newbitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height); Bitmap oldbitmap = (Bitmap)this.pictureBox1.Image;Color pixel;
for (int x = 1; x < Width; x++)
{for (int y = 1; y < Height; y++)
{ int r, g, b;pixel = oldbitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
r = 255 - pixel.R;
g = 255 - pixel.G;
b = 255 - pixel.B;
newbitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(r, g, b));
}
}
this.pictureBox1.Image = newbitmap;}
catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);}
}
二. 浮雕效果
原理: 对图像像素点的像素值分别与相邻像素点的像素值相减后加上128, 然后将其作为新的像素点的值.
效果图:
代码实现:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //以浮雕效果显示图像 try {int Height = this.pictureBox1.Image.Height;
int Width = this.pictureBox1.Image.Width;
Bitmap newBitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height); Bitmap oldBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pictureBox1.Image;Color pixel1, pixel2;
for (int x = 0; x < Width - 1; x++)
{for (int y = 0; y < Height - 1; y++)
{ int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;pixel1 = oldBitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
pixel2 = oldBitmap.GetPixel(x + 1, y + 1);
r = Math.Abs(pixel1.R - pixel2.R + 128);
g = Math.Abs(pixel1.G - pixel2.G + 128);
b = Math.Abs(pixel1.B - pixel2.B + 128);
if (r > 255)r = 255;
if (r < 0)r = 0;
if (g > 255)g = 255;
if (g < 0)g = 0;
if (b > 255)b = 255;
if (b < 0)b = 0;
newBitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(r, g, b));
}
}
this.pictureBox1.Image = newBitmap;}
catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);}
}
三. 黑白效果
原理: 彩色图像处理成黑白效果通常有3种算法；
(1).最大值法: 使每个像素点的 R, G, B 值等于原像素点的 RGB (颜色值) 中最大的一个；
(2).平均值法: 使用每个像素点的 R,G,B值等于原像素点的RGB值的平均值；
(3).加权平均值法: 对每个像素点的 R, G, B值进行加权
---自认为第三种方法做出来的黑白效果图像最 "真实".效果图:
代码实现:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //以黑白效果显示图像 try {int Height = this.pictureBox1.Image.Height;
int Width = this.pictureBox1.Image.Width;
Bitmap newBitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height); Bitmap oldBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pictureBox1.Image;Color pixel;
for (int x = 0; x < Width; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < Height; y++)
{pixel = oldBitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
int r, g, b, Result = 0;r = pixel.R;
g = pixel.G;
b = pixel.B;
//实例程序以加权平均值法产生黑白图像 int iType =2; switch (iType) {case 0://平均值法
Result = ((r + g + b) / 3);
break;case 1://最大值法
Result = r > g ? r : g;
Result = Result > b ? Result : b;
break;case 2://加权平均值法
Result = ((int)(0.7 * r) + (int)(0.2 * g) + (int)(0.1 * b));
break;}
newBitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(Result, Result, Result));
}
this.pictureBox1.Image = newBitmap;}
catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示");}
}
四. 柔化效果
原理: 当前像素点与周围像素点的颜色差距较大时取其平均值.
效果图:
代码实现:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //以柔化效果显示图像 try {int Height = this.pictureBox1.Image.Height;
int Width = this.pictureBox1.Image.Width;
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height); Bitmap MyBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pictureBox1.Image;Color pixel;
//高斯模板 int[] Gauss ={ 1, 2, 1, 2, 4, 2, 1, 2, 1 };for (int x = 1; x < Width - 1; x++)
for (int y = 1; y < Height - 1; y++)
{ int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0; int Index = 0;for (int col = -1; col <= 1; col++)
for (int row = -1; row <= 1; row++)
{pixel = MyBitmap.GetPixel(x + row, y + col);
r += pixel.R * Gauss[Index];
g += pixel.G * Gauss[Index];
b += pixel.B * Gauss[Index];
Index++;
}
r /= 16;
g /= 16;
b /= 16;
//处理颜色值溢出r = r > 255 ? 255 : r;
r = r < 0 ? 0 : r;
g = g > 255 ? 255 : g;
g = g < 0 ? 0 : g;
b = b > 255 ? 255 : b;
b = b < 0 ? 0 : b;
bitmap.SetPixel(x - 1, y - 1, Color.FromArgb(r, g, b));
}
this.pictureBox1.Image = bitmap;}
catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示");}
}
五.锐化效果
原理:突出显示颜色值大(即形成形体边缘)的像素点.
效果图:
实现代码:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //以锐化效果显示图像 try {int Height = this.pictureBox1.Image.Height;
int Width = this.pictureBox1.Image.Width;
Bitmap newBitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height); Bitmap oldBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pictureBox1.Image;Color pixel;
//拉普拉斯模板 int[] Laplacian ={ -1, -1, -1, -1, 9, -1, -1, -1, -1 };for (int x = 1; x < Width - 1; x++)
for (int y = 1; y < Height - 1; y++)
{ int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0; int Index = 0;for (int col = -1; col <= 1; col++)
for (int row = -1; row <= 1; row++)
{pixel = oldBitmap.GetPixel(x + row, y + col); r += pixel.R * Laplacian[Index];
g += pixel.G * Laplacian[Index];
b += pixel.B * Laplacian[Index];
Index++;
}
//处理颜色值溢出r = r > 255 ? 255 : r;
r = r < 0 ? 0 : r;
g = g > 255 ? 255 : g;
g = g < 0 ? 0 : g;
b = b > 255 ? 255 : b;
b = b < 0 ? 0 : b;
newBitmap.SetPixel(x - 1, y - 1, Color.FromArgb(r, g, b));
}
this.pictureBox1.Image = newBitmap;}
catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示");}
}
六. 雾化效果
原理: 在图像中引入一定的随机值, 打乱图像中的像素值
效果图:
实现代码:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //以雾化效果显示图像 try {int Height = this.pictureBox1.Image.Height;
int Width = this.pictureBox1.Image.Width;
Bitmap newBitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height); Bitmap oldBitmap = (Bitmap)this.pictureBox1.Image;Color pixel;
for (int x = 1; x < Width - 1; x++)
for (int y = 1; y < Height - 1; y++)
{ System.Random MyRandom = new Random(); int k = MyRandom.Next(123456); //像素块大小 int dx = x + k % 19; int dy = y + k % 19; if (dx >= Width)dx = Width - 1;
if (dy >= Height)dy = Height - 1;
pixel = oldBitmap.GetPixel(dx, dy);
newBitmap.SetPixel(x, y, pixel);
}
this.pictureBox1.Image = newBitmap;}
catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "信息提示");}
}
浅谈Visual C#进行图像处理
作者：彭军 http://pengjun.org.cn这里之所以说“浅谈”是因为我这里只是简单的介绍如何使用Visual C#进行图像的读入、保存以及对像素的访问。而不涉及太多的算法。
一、读入图像
在Visual C#中我们可以使用一个Picture Box控件来显示图片，如下：
private void btnOpenImage_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog(); ofd.Filter = "BMP Files(*.bmp)|*.bmp|JPG Files(*.jpg;*.jpeg)|*.jpg;*.jpeg|All Files(*.*)|*.*"; ofd.CheckFileExists = true; ofd.CheckPathExists = true; if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { //pbxShowImage.ImageLocation = ofd.FileName; bmp = new Bitmap(ofd.FileName);if (bmp==null)
{MessageBox.Show("加载图片失败!", "错误");
return;}
pbxShowImage.Image = bmp;
ofd.Dispose();
}
}
其中bmp为类的一个对象：private Bitmap bmp=null;
在使用Bitmap类和BitmapData类之前，需要使用using System.Drawing.Imaging;
二、保存图像
private void btnSaveImage_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{if (bmp == null) return;
SaveFileDialog sfd = new SaveFileDialog(); sfd.Filter = "BMP Files(*.bmp)|*.bmp|JPG Files(*.jpg;*.jpeg)|*.jpg;*.jpeg|All Files(*.*)|*.*"; if (sfd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) {pbxShowImage.Image.Save(sfd.FileName);
MessageBox.Show("保存成功!","提示");
sfd.Dispose();
}
}
三、对像素的访问
我们可以来建立一个GrayBitmapData类来做相关的处理。整个类的程序如下：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Drawing;using System.Drawing.Imaging;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace ImageElf{ class GrayBitmapData {public byte[,] Data;//保存像素矩阵
public int Width;//图像的宽度
public int Height;//图像的高度
public GrayBitmapData() { this.Width = 0; this.Height = 0;this.Data = http://www.mamicode.com/null;
}
public GrayBitmapData(Bitmap bmp) { BitmapData bmpData = http://www.mamicode.com/bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); this.Width = bmpData.Width; this.Height = bmpData.Height;Data = http://www.mamicode.com/new byte[Height, Width];
unsafe {byte* ptr = (byte*)bmpData.Scan0.ToPointer();
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{ //将24位的RGB彩色图转换为灰度图int temp = (int)(0.114 * (*ptr++)) + (int)(0.587 * (*ptr++))+(int)(0.299 * (*ptr++));
Data[i, j] = (byte)temp;}
ptr += bmpData.Stride - Width * 3;//指针加上填充的空白空间}
}
bmp.UnlockBits(bmpData);
}
public GrayBitmapData(string path)
: this(new Bitmap(path))
{}
public Bitmap ToBitmap() { Bitmap bmp=new Bitmap(Width,Height,PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); BitmapData bmpData=http://www.mamicode.com/bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0,0,Width,Height),ImageLockMode.WriteOnly,PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe {byte* ptr=(byte*)bmpData.Scan0.ToPointer();
for(int i=0;i<Height;i++)
{for(int j=0;j<Width;j++)
{*(ptr++)=Data[i,j];
*(ptr++)=Data[i,j];
*(ptr++)=Data[i,j];
}
ptr+=bmpData.Stride-Width*3;
}
}
bmp.UnlockBits(bmpData);
return bmp;}
public void ShowImage(PictureBox pbx)
{ Bitmap b = this.ToBitmap();pbx.Image = b;
//b.Dispose();}
public void SaveImage(string path)
{Bitmap b=ToBitmap();
b.Save(path);
//b.Dispose();}
//均值滤波public void AverageFilter(int windowSize)
{ if (windowSize % 2 == 0) { return;}
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{ int sum = 0;for (int g = -(windowSize - 1) / 2; g <= (windowSize - 1) / 2; g++)
{for (int k = -(windowSize - 1) / 2; k <= (windowSize - 1) / 2; k++)
{ int a = i + g, b = j + k; if (a < 0) a = 0; if (a > Height - 1) a = Height - 1; if (b < 0) b = 0; if (b > Width - 1) b = Width - 1;sum += Data[a, b];
}
}
Data[i,j]=(byte)(sum/(windowSize*windowSize));}
}
}
//中值滤波public void MidFilter(int windowSize)
{ if (windowSize % 2 == 0) { return;}
int[] temp = new int[windowSize * windowSize];
byte[,] newdata = http://www.mamicode.com/new byte[Height, Width];
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{ int n = 0;for (int g = -(windowSize - 1) / 2; g <= (windowSize - 1) / 2; g++)
{for (int k = -(windowSize - 1) / 2; k <= (windowSize - 1) / 2; k++)
{ int a = i + g, b = j + k; if (a < 0) a = 0; if (a > Height - 1) a = Height - 1; if (b < 0) b = 0; if (b > Width - 1) b = Width - 1;temp[n++]= Data[a, b];
}
}
newdata[i, j] = GetMidValue(temp,windowSize*windowSize);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{Data[i, j] = newdata[i, j];
}
}
}
//获得一个向量的中值private byte GetMidValue(int[] t, int length)
{ int temp = 0;for (int i = 0; i < length - 2; i++)
{for (int j = i + 1; j < length - 1; j++)
{ if (t[i] > t[j]) {temp = t[i];
t[i] = t[j];
t[j] = temp;
}
}
}
return (byte)t[(length - 1) / 2];
}
//一种新的滤波方法，是亮的更亮、暗的更暗public void NewFilter(int windowSize)
{ if (windowSize % 2 == 0) { return;}
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{ int sum = 0;for (int g = -(windowSize - 1) / 2; g <= (windowSize - 1) / 2; g++)
{for (int k = -(windowSize - 1) / 2; k <= (windowSize - 1) / 2; k++)
{ int a = i + g, b = j + k; if (a < 0) a = 0; if (a > Height - 1) a = Height - 1; if (b < 0) b = 0; if (b > Width - 1) b = Width - 1;sum += Data[a, b];
}
}
double avg = (sum+0.0) / (windowSize * windowSize); if (avg / 255 < 0.5) { Data[i, j] = (byte)(2 * avg / 255 * Data[i, j]);}
else { Data[i,j]=(byte)((1-2*(1-avg/255.0)*(1-Data[i,j]/255.0))*255);}
}
}
}
//直方图均衡public void HistEqual()
{double[] num = new double[256] ;
for(int i=0;i<256;i++) num[i]=0;
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{num[Data[i, j]]++;
}
}
double[] newGray = new double[256];
double n = 0;for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{n += num[i];
newGray[i] = n * 255 / (Height * Width);
}
for (int i = 0; i < Height; i++)
{for (int j = 0; j < Width; j++)
{ Data[i,j]=(byte)newGray[Data[i,j]];}
}
}
}
}
在GrayBitmapData类中，只要我们对一个二维数组Data进行一系列的操作就是对图片的操作处理。在窗口上，我们可以使用
一个按钮来做各种调用：
//均值滤波private void btnAvgFilter_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{if (bmp == null) return;
GrayBitmapData gbmp = new GrayBitmapData(bmp);gbmp.AverageFilter(3);
gbmp.ShowImage(pbxShowImage);
}
//转换为灰度图private void btnToGray_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{if (bmp == null) return;
GrayBitmapData gbmp = new GrayBitmapData(bmp);gbmp.ShowImage(pbxShowImage);
}
四、总结
在Visual c#中对图像进行处理或访问，需要先建立一个Bitmap对象，然后通过其LockBits方法来获得一个BitmapData类的对象，然后通过获得其像素数据的首地址来对Bitmap对象的像素数据进行操作。当然，一种简单但是速度慢的方法是用Bitmap类的GetPixel和SetPixel方法。其中BitmapData类的Stride属性为每行像素所占的字节。
C# (GDI+相关) 图像处理(各种旋转、改变大小、柔化、锐化、雾化、底片、浮雕、黑白、滤镜效果) (转)
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