对于自动化运维，诸如备份恢复之类的，DBA经常需要将SQL语句封装到shell脚本。本文描述了在Linux环境下mysql数据库中，shell脚本下调用sql语句的几种方法，供大家参考。对于脚本输出的结果美化，需要进一步完善和调整。以下为具体的示例及其方法。

1、将SQL语句直接嵌入到shell脚本文件中

--演示环境[root@SZDB ~]# more /etc/issueCentOS release 5.9 (Final)Kernel \r on an \mroot@localhost[(none)]> show variables like ‘version‘;+---------------+------------+| Variable_name | Value      |+---------------+------------+| version       | 5.6.12-log |+---------------+------------+[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql1.sh #!/bin/bash# Define logTIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`LOG=call_sql_${TIMESTAMP}.logecho "Start execute sql statement at `date`." >>${LOG}# execute sql statmysql -uroot -p123456 -e "tee /tmp/temp.logdrop database if exists tempdb;create database tempdb;use tempdbcreate table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));insert into tb_tmp values (1,‘jack‘),(2,‘robin‘),(3,‘mark‘);select * from tb_tmp;noteequit"echo -e "\n">>${LOG}echo "below is output result.">>${LOG}cat /tmp/temp.log>>${LOG}echo "script executed successful.">>${LOG}exit;[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql1.sh Logging to file ‘/tmp/temp.log‘+------+-------+| id   | val   |+------+-------+|    1 | jack  ||    2 | robin ||    3 | mark  |+------+-------+Outfile disabled.--Author : Leshami--Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami

2、命令行调用单独的SQL文件

[root@SZDB ~]# more temp.sql tee /tmp/temp.logdrop database if exists tempdb;create database tempdb;use tempdbcreate table if not exists tb_tmp(id smallint,val varchar(20));insert into tb_tmp values (1,‘jack‘),(2,‘robin‘),(3,‘mark‘);select * from tb_tmp;notee[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "source /root/temp.sql"Logging to file ‘/tmp/temp.log‘+------+-------+| id   | val   |+------+-------+|    1 | jack  ||    2 | robin ||    3 | mark  |+------+-------+Outfile disabled.

3、使用管道符调用SQL文件

[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sqlLogging to file ‘/tmp/temp.log‘id      val1       jack2       robin3       markOutfile disabled.#使用管道符调用SQL文件以及输出日志[root@SZDB ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 </root/temp.sql >/tmp/temp.log[root@SZDB ~]# more /tmp/temp.logLogging to file ‘/tmp/temp.log‘id      val1       jack2       robin3       markOutfile disabled.

4、shell脚本中MySQL提示符下调用SQL

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql2.sh#!/bin/bashmysql -uroot -p123456 <<EOFsource /root/temp.sql;select current_date();delete from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=3;select * from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=2;EOFexit;[root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql2.shLogging to file ‘/tmp/temp.log‘id      val1       jack2       robin3       markOutfile disabled.current_date()2014-10-14id      val2       robin

5、shell脚本中变量输入与输出

[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql3.sh#!/bin/bashcmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"exit [root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql3.sh Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Current count is : 3[root@SZDB ~]# echo "select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp"|mysql -uroot -p123456 -s3[root@SZDB ~]# more shell_call_sql4.sh#!/bin/bashid=1cmd="select count(*) from tempdb.tb_tmp where id=${id}"cnt=$(mysql -uroot -p123456 -s -e "${cmd}")echo "Current count is : ${cnt}"exit [root@SZDB ~]# ./shell_call_sql4.sh Current count is : 1#以上脚本演示中，作抛砖引玉只用，对于输出的结果不是很规整友好，需要进一步改善和提高。

Shell 脚本中执行mysql语句