WCF心跳判断服务端及客户端是否掉线并实现重连接

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WCF心跳判断服务端及客户端是否掉线并实现重连接

2024-08-16 04:51:04 220人阅读

本篇文章将通过一个实例实现对WCF中针对服务端以及客户端是否掉线进行判断；若掉线时服务器或客户端又在线时将实现自动重连；将通过WCF的双工知识以及相应的心跳包来实现此功能；

首先了解一下本实例的一个分层架构图；相信了解WCF对这个分层法肯定都很了解；其中Client为客户端，Interface为契约层，Service则是实现契约的服务层；

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接下来我们将对各层进行一个简单的讲解；方便大家理解实例的实现方式；

首先我们了解契约层Interface；因为我们利用WCF中的双工知识，所以此处我们定义的两个接口，其中ICallback为回调接口；IPushMessage上面定义的回调；我们发现回调接口上并没有定义ServiceContract; 其实是WCF当一个接口被定义成回调接口时已经默认了；

using System.ServiceModel;namespace Interface{    [ServiceContract(SessionMode=SessionMode.Required,CallbackContract=typeof(ICallback))]    public interface IPushMessage    {        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]        void Login(string UID);        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]        void Update(string UID);        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]        void Leave(string UID);    }}

using System.ServiceModel;namespace Interface{    public interface ICallback    {        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]        void ShowMessage(string msg);    }}

接着我们了解一下实现契约的服务层Service;此处包括实现接口IPushMessage的服务内容，还定义一个类WcfCleint；在PushMessageServer服务内里我们定义的一个静态成员Dictionary<string,WcfCleint>用于记录我们客户端上下线的操作；定义的一个lockObje用来锁定每个操作,在最后我们还定义的一个定时器用来判断客户端用户是否脱机了；其中方法Update()我们就实现的双工中的回调；

using System.ServiceModel;using Interface;namespace Service{    public class PushMessageServer:IPushMessage    {        static Dictionary<string, WcfCleint> dit_callback = new Dictionary<string, WcfCleint>();        private static Object lockObje = new Object();        public void Login(string UID)        {            Console.WriteLine("用户:" + UID + "上线");            lock (lockObje)            {                dit_callback.Add(UID, new WcfCleint(OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICallback>(), DateTime.Now));            }        }        public void Update(string UID)        {            ICallback callback = OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICallback>();            Console.WriteLine("用户:" + UID + "心跳更新！");            lock (lockObje)            {                if (dit_callback.ContainsKey(UID))                {                    dit_callback.Remove(UID);                }                dit_callback.Add(UID, new WcfCleint(OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICallback>(), DateTime.Now));                callback.ShowMessage(UID);            }        }        public void Leave(string UID)        {            Console.WriteLine("用户:" + UID + "退出！");            lock (lockObje)            {                dit_callback.Remove(UID);            }        }        static System.Timers.Timer timer1;        public static void StartListenClients()        {            timer1 = new System.Timers.Timer();            timer1.Interval = 500;            timer1.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(time_EventArgs);            timer1.Start();        }        static void time_EventArgs(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)        {            lock (lockObje)            {                foreach (string key in new List<string>(dit_callback.Keys))                {                    if (dit_callback[key].NowdateTime.AddSeconds(5) < DateTime.Now)                    {                        dit_callback.Remove(key);                        Console.WriteLine("脱机用户" + key);                    }                }            }        }    }}

接着我们简单看一下WcfCleint的代码：

using Interface;using System.ServiceModel;namespace Service{    public class WcfCleint    {        public DateTime NowdateTime { get; set; }        public ICallback callbackHandler { get; set; }        public WcfCleint(ICallback callback, DateTime nowTime)        {            this.callbackHandler = callback;            this.NowdateTime = nowTime;        }    }}

服务端的配置文件信息，此处我们采用net.tcp方式：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration>  <system.serviceModel>    <behaviors>      <serviceBehaviors>        <behavior name="exposeExceptionDetail">          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>        </behavior>      </serviceBehaviors>    </behaviors>    <services>      <service name="Service.PushMessageServer"               behaviorConfiguration="exposeExceptionDetail">        <endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3721/PushMessageServer"                  binding="netTcpBinding"                  contract="Interface.IPushMessage"/>      </service>    </services>  </system.serviceModel></configuration>

服务端的运行入口代码，通过一个线程不断的运行：

using System.Threading;using System.ServiceModel.Description;namespace Service{    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(PushMessageServer)))            {                host.Open();                Console.WriteLine("WCF心跳包实现开始监听");                PushMessageServer.StartListenClients();                int i = 0;                while (true)                {                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);                    i++;                }                Console.Read();                host.Abort();                host.Close();            }        }    }}

接着了解客户端层的情况；首先是一个实现的回调接口的内容类；

using Interface;namespace Client{    public class CallServer:ICallback    {        public void ShowMessage(string msg)        {            Console.WriteLine("服务器正在工作中；" + msg);        }    }}

客户端的配置信息如下：

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客户端的运行入口代码如下，它会判断服务器是否掉线，若掉线会试着重连：

using System.ServiceModel;using Interface;using System.ServiceModel.Channels;using System.Threading;namespace Client{    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            InstanceContext callback = new InstanceContext(new CallServer());            using (DuplexChannelFactory<IPushMessage> channelFactory = new DuplexChannelFactory<IPushMessage>(callback, "pushmessageserver"))            {                IPushMessage proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();                using (proxy as IDisposable)                {                    string UID = "踏浪帅";                    proxy.Login(UID);                    while (true)                    {                        Thread.Sleep(3000);                        try                        {                            proxy.Update(UID);                        }                        catch                        {                            try                            {                                Console.WriteLine("正在重连");                                proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();                                proxy.Login(UID);                            }                            catch                            {                                Console.WriteLine("重连异常");                            }                        }                    }                }            }            Console.Read();        }    }}

代码的内容就如上，接着我们简单看一下运行的效果：

1：首先运行服务端，让其处于监听

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