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c++primerplus(第六版)编程题——第4章(复合类型)

 

声明:作者为了调试方便,每一章的程序写在一个工程文件中,每一道编程练习题新建一个独立文件,在主函数中调用,我建议同我一样的初学者可以采用这种方式,调试起来会比较方便。

(具体方式参见第3章模板)

1.编写一个程序,如下述输出示例所示的那样请求显示信息:(注意:该程序应该接受的名字包含多个单词,另外,程序将向下调整成绩,即向上调一个字母。假设用户请求A、B 或C,所以不用担心D和F之间的空档。)

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_1(){    string firstname, lastname;    char lettergrade;    int age;    cout << "What is you first name?";    getline( cin, firstname);    cout << "What is your last name?";    getline(cin ,lastname);    cout <<  "What letter grade do you deserve?";    cin >> lettergrade;    cout << "What is your age?";    cin >> age;    cout << "Name:" << lastname << "," << firstname << endl;    cout << "Grade:"<< char (lettergrade + 1) << endl;    cout << "Age:" << age << endl;}

2.修改程序清单4.4,使用C++ string类而不是char数组。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_2(){    string name;    string dessert;    cout << "Enter your name:" << endl;    getline( cin, name);    cout << "Enter your favourite dessert:" << endl;    getline(cin ,dessert);    cout << "I have some delicious " << dessert << " for you," << name << endl;}

3.编写一个程序,它要求用户首先输入其名,然后输入其姓;然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来,并储存和显示结果。请使用char数组和头文件cstring中的函数。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_3(){    char firstname[20];    char lastname[20];    cout << "Enter your first name:";    cin.getline( firstname, 20);    cout << "Enter your last name:";    cin.getline(lastname, 20);    cout << "Here is the information in a single string:" << strcat(strcat( firstname,","), lastname ) << endl;}

4.编写一个程序,它要求用户首先输入其名,然后输入其姓;然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名组合起来,并储存和显示结果。请使用string对象和头文件string中的函数。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_4(){    string firstname;    string lastname;    cout << "Enter your first name:";    getline(cin, firstname);    cout << "Enter your last name:";    getline(cin, lastname);    cout << "Here is the information in a single string:"        <<lastname + "," + firstname << endl;}

5.结构CandyBar包含3个成员。第一个成员储存了糖块的品牌;第二个成员储存糖块的重量(可以有小数);第三个成员储存了糖块的卡路里含量(整数)。请编写一个程序,声明这个结构,创建一个名为snack的CandyBar变量。并将其成员分别初始化为”Mocha Munch”、2.3和350。初始化在声明snack是进行。最后,程序显示变量snack变量的内容。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_5(){    struct CandyBar    {        char name[20];        double weight;        int calary;    };    CandyBar snack = {        "Mocha Munch",        2.3,        350    };    cout << "Name:" << snack.name << endl;    cout << "Weight:" << snack.weight << endl;    cout << "calary:" << snack.calary << endl;}

6.结构CandyBar包含3个成员,如编程5所示,请编写一个程序,创建一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组,并将他们初始化为所选择的值,然后显示每个结构的内容。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_6(){    struct CandyBar    {        char name[20];        double weight;        int calary;    };    CandyBar snack[3] = {        {"Mocha Munch", 2.3, 350},        {"Mocha Munch", 2.3, 350},        {"Mocha Munch", 2.3, 350},    };    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)    {        cout << "Name:" << snack[i].name << endl;        cout << "Weight:" << snack[i].weight << endl;        cout << "calary:" << snack[i].calary << endl;        cout << endl;    }    }

7. William Wingate从事披萨饼分析服务。对于每个披萨饼,他都需要记录下列信息:

(1)披萨饼公司的名称,可以有多个单词组成。

(2)披萨饼的直径。

(3)披萨饼的重量。

请设计一个能够储存这些信息的结构,并编写一个使用着这种结构变量的程序。程序将请求用户输入上述信息,然后显示这些信息。请使用cin(或其他方法)和cout。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_7(){    struct pizzamessage{        string name;        double diameter;        double weight;    };    pizzamessage message;    cout << "Please input the message of pizza!"<<endl;    cout << "Name:";    getline( cin, message.name);        cout <<"Diameter:";    cin >> message.diameter;    cout << "Weight:";    cin >> message.weight;    cout << "the message of the record is:"<< endl;    cout << "Name:" << message.name;    cout << "Diameter:" << message.diameter;    cout << "Weight:" << message.weight;}

8.完成编程7,但使用new来为结构分配内存,而不是声明一个结构变量。另外,让程序在请求输入披萨饼公司名称之前输入披萨饼的直径。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_8(){    struct pizzamessage{        string name;        double diameter;        double weight;    };    int num;    cout << "How many pieces of pizzamessage you want to be record?";    cin >> num;    cin.get();    pizzamessage *message = new pizzamessage[num];    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)    {        cout << "Please input the pizza message of the " << i + 1 << "th record:"<< endl;        cout << "Name:";        getline(cin,message[i].name);        cout <<"Diameter:";        cin >> message[i].diameter;        cout << "Weight:";        cin >>message[i].weight;        cout << endl;        cin.get();    }    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)    {        cout << "the message of the "<< i+1 << "record is:"<< endl;        cout << "Name:" << message[i].name << endl;        cout << "Diameter:" << message[i].diameter << endl;        cout << "Weight:" << message[i].weight << endl;        cout << endl;    }}

9.完成编程6,但使用new来动态分配数组,而不是声明一个包含3个元素的CandyBar数组。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_9(){    struct CandyBar    {        char name[20];        double weight;        int calary;    };    cout << "How many do you want to create?";    int num;    cin >> num;    cin.get();    CandyBar *candies = new CandyBar[num];    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++ )    {        cout << "please input the message:" << endl;        cout << "name:";        cin >> candies[i].name;        cout << "weight:";        cin >> candies[i].weight;        cout << "calary:";        cin >> candies[i].calary;    }    cout << endl;    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)    {        cout << "the message:" << endl;        cout << "name:" << candies[i].name << endl;        cout << "weight:" << candies[i].weight << endl;        cout << "calary:" << candies[i].calary << endl;        cout << endl;    }}

10. 编写一个程序,让用户输入三次40码跑的成绩(也可以让用户输入),并显示次数和平均成绩。请使用一个array对象来储存数据(也可以使用数组)。

#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <cstring>using namespace std;void cprimerplus_exercise4_10(){    cout << "How many times do you want to record?"<< endl;    int num;    cin >> num;        double * times = new double[num];    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)    {        cout << i+1 << " th input:" << endl;        cin >> times[i];    }    double sum = 0;    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)    {        sum +=times[i];    }    cout << "you have " << num << "records" << endl;    cout << " your average score is " << sum / num << endl;}