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VB6获取Chrome地址栏的URL信息
上篇写到了获取IE8浏览器URL的一般方法，那这篇就写下chrome的URL怎么获取。事实上，早期的chrome版本可以通过跟IE8差不多方式获取到URL信息。但是，现在chrome的控件都是DirectUI画出来的，所有就没有一般意义上hwnd可以取。网上搜索了下，大多数都倾向于使用MSAA（Microsoft Active Accessibility）这种途径来实现。感兴趣的同学可以搜索下MSAA，这是一个很有用的技术（因为不懂，我也就不多说了）。
基于MSAA思想，windows下的UI程序都可以提供一种可供遍历访问的接口。而界面上各个控件都处于类似于DOM树的逻辑结构中，这使得第三方自动化控制成为了可能。而MSAA是以COM形式存在，使用时只需要在“引用”中添加即可，非常方便。
可能初次接触MSAA的同学还不能很好理解，关于UI结构的说明。但仔细思考下，本文这样的遍历和上篇根据hwnd的遍历其实原理上是差不多的。
*chrome的结构图，这里差个图来作说明，后面再补上吧
实现代码如下：
‘使用IAccessible接口之前，请先引用Accessibility(oleacc.dll)‘代码参考了很多网上代码，多数原作者无从考究，在此也就不列出了（请见谅）‘@Advanced Miscrosoft Visual Basci 6.0Private Type UUID Data1 As Long Data2 As Integer Data3 As Integer Data4(7) As ByteEnd Type Private Declare Function AccessibleObjectFromWindow Lib "oleacc" (ByVal hwnd As Long, _ ByVal dwObjectID As Long, _ ByRef riid As UUID, _ ByRef ppvObject As Any) As Long Private Declare Function AccessibleChildren Lib "oleacc" (ByVal paccContainer As IAccessible, _ ByVal iChildStart As Long, _ ByVal cChildren As Long, _ rgvarChildren As Variant, _ pcObtained As Long) As Long ‘其实这一部分对整个程序来说没什么用，在此列出仅仅方便别人查阅Private Declare Function FindWindow Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (ByVal lpClassName As String, _ ByVal lpWindowName As String) As LongPrivate Declare Function FindWindowEx Lib "user32" Alias "FindWindowExA" (ByVal hWndParent As Long, _ ByVal hWndChildAfter As Long, _ ByVal lpClassName As String, _ ByVal lpWindowName As String) As LongPrivate Enum NVADIRConstants NAVDIR_MIN = 0 NAVDIR_UP = 1 NAVDIR_DOWN = 2 NAVDIR_LEFT = 3 NAVDIR_RIGHT = 4 NAVDIR_NEXT = 5 NAVDIR_PREVIOUS = 6 NAVIDR_FIRSTCHILD = 7 NAVDIR_LASTCHILD = 8 NAVDIR_MAX = 9End EnumPrivate Const CHILDID_SELF As Long = 0&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_TITLEBAR As Long = &H1&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUBAR As Long = &H2&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_SCROLLBAR As Long = &H3&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_GRIP As Long = &H4&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_SOUND As Long = &H5&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CURSOR As Long = &H6&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CARET As Long = &H7&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_ALERT As Long = &H8&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_WINDOW As Long = &H9&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CLIENT As Long = &HA&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUPOPUP As Long = &HB&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUITEM As Long = &HC&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_TOOLTIP As Long = &HD&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_APPLICATION As Long = &HE&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_DOCUMENT As Long = &HF&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_PANE As Long = &H10&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CHART As Long = &H11&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_DIALOG As Long = &H12&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_BORDER As Long = &H13&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING As Long = &H14&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_SEPARATOR As Long = &H15&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_TOOLBAR As Long = &H16&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_STATUSBAR As Long = &H17&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_TABLE As Long = &H18&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_COLUMNHEADER As Long = &H19&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_ROWHEADER As Long = &H1A&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_COLUMN As Long = &H1B&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_ROW As Long = &H1C&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CELL As Long = &H1D&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_LINK As Long = &H1E&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_HELPBALLOON As Long = &H1F&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CHARACTER As Long = &H20&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_LIST As Long = &H21&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_LISTITEM As Long = &H22&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_OUTLINE As Long = &H23&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_OUTLINEITEM As Long = &H24&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_PAGETAB As Long = &H25&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_PROPERTYPAGE As Long = &H26&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_INDICATOR As Long = &H27&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_GRAPHIC As Long = &H28&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_STATICTEXT As Long = &H29&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_TEXT As Long = &H2A&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_PUSHBUTTON As Long = &H2B&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CHECKBUTTON As Long = &H2C&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_RADIOBUTTON As Long = &H2D&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_COMBOBOX As Long = &H2E&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_DROPLIST As Long = &H2F&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_PROGRESSBAR As Long = &H30&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_DIAL As Long = &H31&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_HOTKEYFIELD As Long = &H32&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_SLIDER As Long = &H33&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_SPINBUTTON As Long = &H34&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_DIAGRAM As Long = &H35&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_ANIMATION As Long = &H36&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_EQUATION As Long = &H37&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_BUTTONDROPDOWN As Long = &H38&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_BUTTONMENU As Long = &H39&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_BUTTONDROPDOWNGRID As Long = &H3A&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_WHITESPACE As Long = &H3B&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_PAGETABLIST As Long = &H3C&Private Const ROLE_SYSTEM_CLOCK As Long = &H3D&Private IID_IAccessible As UUIDPrivate Sub Form_Initialize() With IID_IAccessible .Data1 = &H618736E0 .Data2 = &H3C3D .Data3 = &H11CF .Data4(0) = &H81 .Data4(1) = &HC .Data4(2) = &H0 .Data4(3) = &HAA .Data4(4) = &H0 .Data4(5) = &H38 .Data4(6) = &H9B .Data4(7) = &H71 End WithEnd Sub Private Function GetChromeUrl(ByVal hwnd As Long) As String ‘参数需传入chrome主窗体的hwnd Dim flags(5, 1) As Long Dim temp As Variant Dim kids() As Variant Dim kidscount As Long Dim realcount As Long Dim objacc As Accessibility.IAccessible ‘flags=((9,2),(10,2),(10,5),(10,3),(22,8),(20,36)) ‘此二维数组代表，每一阶段窗体的ROLE_SYSTEM_*和子窗体数 ‘程序根据这个来获取地址栏最终的（UI结构上的）路径 flags(0, 0) = 9: flags(0, 1) = 2 flags(1, 0) = 10: flags(1, 1) = 2 flags(2, 0) = 10: flags(2, 1) = 5 flags(3, 0) = 10: flags(3, 1) = 3 flags(4, 0) = 22: flags(4, 1) = 8 flags(5, 0) = 20: flags(5, 1) = 36 Call AccessibleObjectFromWindow(hwnd, 0&, IID_IAccessible, objacc) If objacc Is Nothing Then Debug.Print "access failed" Exit Function End If Set temp = objacc ‘我花了大部分的时间用在，构建这个循环结构上 ‘使用AccExplorer可以看到一个程序UI上结构 ‘基于此，但也请在使用代码前先确认下chrome的UI结构，就可以构造一个相对规律的路径检索机制 Dim j As Long Dim i As Long For j = 0 To 5 Set objacc = temp realcount = 0 kidscount = objacc.accChildCount ReDim kids(kidscount - 1) As Variant Call AccessibleChildren(objacc, 0&, kidscount, kids(0), realcount) For i = 0 To realcount - 1 Set temp = kids(i) If temp.accRole(CHILDID_SELF) = flags(j, 0) And temp.accChildCount = flags(j, 1) Then Exit For End If Next Next ‘返回地址栏中url GetChromeUrl = "http://" & temp.accValue(CHILDID_SELF)End Function
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