1、错误描述

usage: java org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina [ -config {pathname} ] [ -nonaming ]  { -help | start | stop }
2014-6-16 23:48:52 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.29 using APR version 1.4.8.
2014-6-16 23:48:52 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2014-6-16 23:48:53 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener initializeSSL
信息: OpenSSL successfully initialized (OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013)
2014-6-16 23:48:54 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8686"]
2014-6-16 23:48:54 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2014-6-16 23:48:54 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 3240 ms
2014-6-16 23:48:54 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
2014-6-16 23:48:54 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.53
2014-6-16 23:48:56 org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci onStartup
信息: JSR 356 WebSocket (Java WebSocket 1.0) support is not available when running on Java 6. To suppress this message, run Tomcat on Java 7, remove the WebSocket JARs from $CATALINA_HOME/lib or add the WebSocketJARs to the tomcat.util.scan.DefaultJarScanner.jarsToSkip property in $CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties. Note that the deprecated Tomcat 7 WebSocket API will be available. 
2014-6-16 23:48:57 org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGenerator createSecureRandom
信息: Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [343] milliseconds.
2014-6-16 23:48:58 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\docs
2014-6-16 23:48:58 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\examples
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: attributeAdded('org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache', 'org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache@5f1ba8')
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\host-manager
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\manager
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\ROOT
2014-6-16 23:48:59 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
信息: Deploying web application directory D:\MyEclipse\apache-tomcat-7.0.53\webapps\StudentSystem
2014-6-16 23:49:01 com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
信息: 初始化上下文 '/StudentSystem' 的 Mojarra 2.0.3 (FCS b03)
2014-6-16 23:49:02 com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
信息: JSF1048：有 PostConstruct/PreDestroy 注释。标有这些注释的 ManagedBeans 方法将表示注释已处理。
2014-6-16 23:49:03 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger info
信息: Parsing configuration file [struts-default.xml]
2014-6-16 23:49:03 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.jdk.JdkLogger error
严重: Dispatcher initialization failed
Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/StudentSystem/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:445)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:489)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4809)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5485)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerThemeTemplateLoader - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/StudentSystem/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:245)
	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:102)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:234)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
	... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:621)
	at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2957)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1210)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1690)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil.loadClass(ClassLoaderUtil.java:144)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:216)
	... 23 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: freemarker.cache.TemplateLoader
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1720)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
	... 32 more
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/StudentSystem/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:501)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4809)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5485)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1229)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1875)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/StudentSystem/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:70)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:445)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:489)
	... 18 more
Caused by: Unable to load bean: type: class:org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerThemeTemplateLoader - bean - jar:file:/D:/MyEclipse/apache-tomcat-7.0.53/webapps/StudentSystem/WEB-INF/lib/struts2-core-2.3.16.3.jar!/struts-default.xml:69:87
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:245)
	at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.register(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:102)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:234)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:67)
	... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: freemarker/cache/TemplateLoader
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:621)
	at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2957)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1210)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1690)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil.loadClass(ClassLoaderUtil.java:144)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.register(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:216)
	... 23 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: freemarker.cache.TemplateLoader
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1720)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1571)
	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
	... 32 more
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Error filterStart
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apach
e.catalina.core.StandardContext startInternal
严重: Context [/StudentSystem] startup failed due to previous errors
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader checkThreadLocalMapForLeaks
严重: The web application [/StudentSystem] created a ThreadLocal with key of type [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1] (value [com.sun.faces.util.Util$1@5f634c]) and a value of type [java.util.HashMap] (value [{com.sun.faces.patternCache={ = }}]) but failed to remove it when the web application was stopped. Threads are going to be renewed over time to try and avoid a probable memory leak.
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8686"]
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-apr-8009"]
2014-6-16 23:49:03 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 9114 ms

2、错误原因

     缺少freemarker-2.3.19.jar

3、解决办法

     导入freemarker-2.3.19.jar