首页 > 代码库 > hibernate之关于一对一单向，双向关联映射

hibernate之关于一对一单向，双向关联映射

2024-07-28 21:09:46   226人阅读


【hibernate】之关于一对一单向，双向关联映射


首先我们来看，Hibernate官方对于一对一单向关联的解释:


基于外键关联的单向一对一关联和单向多对一关联几乎是一样的。唯一的不同就是单向一对一关

联中的外键字段具有唯一性约束。


ok,那我们也可以这样理解，一对一其实就是多对一关联的特殊形式，我们知道Hibernate的配置方式有两种，分别是Annotations，XML两种配置方式！


Annotations的一对一单向关联映射


人(User)和身 份 证号(Card)

@Entity
@Table(name="t_user")
publicclass User {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Card card;
     
    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="card_id",unique=true)//name是自定义关联外键的列名
    public Card getCard() {
       returncard;
    }
    publicvoid setCard(Card card) {
       this.card = card;
    }
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
       returnid;
    }
    publicvoid setId(Integerid) {
       this.id = id;
    }
     
    @Column(name="name")
    public String getName() {
       returnname;
    }
    publicvoid setName(Stringname) {
       this.name = name;
    }


@Entity
@Table(name="t_card")
publicclass Card {
    private Integer id;
    private String num;
     
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
       returnid;
    }
    publicvoid setId(Integerid) {
       this.id = id;
    }
    @Column(name="card_id")
    public String getNum() {
       returnnum;
    }
    publicvoid setNum(Stringnum) {
       this.num = num;
    }
}

XML一对一单向关联

Person和Group，一个人只能在一个组

publicclass Group {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    public Integer getId() {
       returnid;
    }
    publicvoid setId(Integerid) {
       this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
       returnname;
    }
    publicvoid setName(Stringname) {
       this.name = name;
    }
}

publicclass Person {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Group group;
    public Group getGroup() {
       returngroup;
    }
    publicvoid setGroup(Groupgroup) {
       this.group = group;
    }
    public Integer getId() {
       returnid;
    }
    publicvoid setId(Integerid) {
       this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
       return name;
    }
    public void setName(Stringname) {
       this.name = name;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
       return age;
    }
    publicvoid setAge(Integer age){
       this.age = age;
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="csg.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="Group" table="t_group">
       <id name="id">
           <column name="id"/>
           <generator class="native" />
       </id>
       <property name="name" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="csg.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="Person" table="t_person">
       <id name="id">
           <column name="id"/>
           <generator class="native" />
       </id>
       <property name="name" />
       <property name="age" />
       <many-to-one name="group" column="group_id" unique="true" not-null="true" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Ok,到这里，大家就有点疑惑，为什么我们的Annotaions配置采用的是one-to-one而我们的xml配置采用的是many-to-one呢？

当然XML配置是我参考Hibernate的文档而来，因为一对一本身就是多对一的特殊形式，

但是配置many-to-one又给我们一种暗示，多个***号对应一个人，所以Hibernate根据这种情况提供unique唯一性来确认!


Annotations一对一双向关联映射


User和Card


@Entity
@Table(name="t_user")
publicclass User {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Card card;
    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="card_id",unique=true)//name主要是自定义关联外键的列名
    public Card getCard() {
       returncard;
    }
    publicvoid setCard(Cardcard) {
       this.card = card;
    }
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
       returnid;
    }
    publicvoid setId(Integerid) {
       this.id = id;
    }
    @Column(name="name")
    public String getName() {
       returnname;
    }
    publicvoid setName(Stringname) {
       this.name = name;
    }
}

@Entity
@Table(name="t_card")
publicclass Card {
    private Integer id;
    private String num;
    private User user;
     
    @OneToOne(mappedBy="card")//mappedBy的意思是指定User中的card作为关联外键，否则User和Card都会出现外键
    public User getUser() {
       returnuser;
    }
    publicvoid setUser(Useruser) {
       this.user = user;
    }
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
       returnid;
    }
    publicvoid setId(Integerid) {
       this.id = id;
    }
    @Column(name="card_id")
    public String getNum() {
       returnnum;
    }
    publicvoid setNum(Stringnum) {
       this.num = num;
    }
}

Ok？那么我们可以看到在Annotaions中的配置都是ont-to-one，那么我们在xml中的配置呢？

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="csg.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="Person" table="t_person">
       <id name="id">
           <column name="id"/>
           <generator class="native" />
       </id>
       <property name="name" />
       <property name="age" />
       <many-to-one name="group" column="group_id" unique="true" not-null="true" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="csg.hibernate.entity">
    <class name="Group" table="t_group">
       <id name="id">
           <column name="id"/>
           <generator class="native" />
       </id>
       <property name="name" />
       <!-- many-to-one这种配置会分别在两个表中都产生外键，造成数据的多余，通常我们采用one-to-one的形式在xml中配置 -->
       <many-to-one name="Person" column="person_id" unique="true" />
    <!--   <one-to-onename="person"property-ref="group"/> -->
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

ok，到这里一对一的单双向关联映射基本上就是这样，随笔之作，有问题，请留言！







hibernate之关于一对一单向，双向关联映射


联系
我们