001_fpm打包命令详解

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2024-09-15 07:48:49 247人阅读

使用fpm来制作rpm包

2017/2/22

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一、配置fpm环境

1、安装ruby和fpm

使用rvm来管理ruby

curl -sSL https://rvm.io/mpapis.asc | gpg2 --import -

curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby

重新打开一个shell

# ruby -v

ruby 2.4.0p0 (2016-12-24 revision 57164) [x86_64-linux]

安装fpm依赖包

yum install rpm-build -y

安装fpm

[root@tvm-rpm ~]# gem install fpm -V

2、fpm的参数

参考：https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki

% fpm -s <source type> -t <target type> [options]

-s 源格式

-t 目标格式

-n 包名

-v version值，实际版本号

--iteration release值，发布序列号

--epoch epoch值

--vendor 厂商

--maintainer 维护者

--description 描述

--url 软件主页

--workdir fpm工作目录

-d 依赖的软件包

--directories 递归指定的目录标记为属于这个包

-C 切换到指定的目录

-p 输出到指定的路径

--force 强制覆盖文件

--after-install FILE 包安装后执行的脚本

--before-install FILE 包安装前执行的脚本

--after-remove FILE 包移除后执行的脚本

--before-remove FILE 包移除前执行的脚本

--after-upgrade FILE 包升级后执行的脚本

--before-upgrade FILE 包升级前执行的脚本

-e building前编辑spec文件

二、示例

【实例1：将python3的源码打包成rpm来安装】

1、配置编译python环境所需的包

[root@tvm-rpm ~]# mkdir /data/{download,rpms}

使用局域网的epel源：

[root@tvm-rpm ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp/ \

&& wget http://mirrors.office.test/local-office.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo \

&& yum clean all \

&& yum makecache

注：如果要使用公网的epel源，可以这样操作：

# rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm

[root@tvm-rpm ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

[root@tvm-rpm ~]

# yum -y install openssl-devel readline-devel bzip2-devel sqlite-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel db4-devel expat-devel

下载最新的python源码包：

[root@tvm-rpm ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.3/Python-3.4.3.tgz -O /data/download/Python-3.4.3.tgz

[root@tvm-rpm ~]# cd /data/download/

[root@tvm-rpm download]# tar xf Python-3.4.3.tgz

[root@tvm-rpm download]# cd Python-3.4.3

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]#

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# export DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL=/data/rpms/Python-3.4.3

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# export DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL=/usr/local

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# export LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/lib ${LDFLAGS}"

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# ./configure --prefix=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# make

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# make install DESTDIR=${DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL}

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# cd ..

我们来看一下，生成了那些目录和文件：

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# cd /data/rpms

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# ls Python-3.4.3/usr/local/

bin include lib share

2、开始打包

[root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \

-n python3 \

-v ‘3.4.3‘ \

--iteration ‘1.el6‘ \

--epoch ‘0‘ \

--vendor ‘ Python Software Foundation‘ \

--maintainer ‘PC‘ \

--description ‘use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3‘ \

--url ‘https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-343/‘ \

--workdir /data/rpms \

-p /data/rpms/pkgs/ \

-C ${DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL} \

--directories=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/lib \

--directories=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/include \

-d ‘openssl‘ \

-d ‘bzip2‘ \

-d ‘zlib‘ \

-d ‘expat‘ \

-d ‘db4‘ \

-d ‘sqlite‘ \

-d ‘ncurses‘ \

-d ‘readline‘

Created package {:path=>"/data/rpms/pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}

我们来看看包的内容：

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -qpi pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Name : python3 Relocations: /

Version : 3.4.3 Vendor: Python Software Foundation

Release     : 1.el6                         Build Date: Wed 15 Jul 2015 04:55:17 PM CST

Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm

Group : default Source RPM: python3-3.4.3-1.el6.src.rpm

Size : 126285890 License: unknown

Signature : (none)

Packager : PC

URL : https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-343/

Summary : use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3

Description :

use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3

3、安装测试

1）安装前：

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man}

/usr/local/bin:

/usr/local/include:

/usr/local/lib:

/usr/local/share/man/man1:

2）开始安装：

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -ivh pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:python3 ########################################### [100%]

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -qa |grep python3

python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64

3）安装后：

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man/man1}

/usr/local/bin:

2to3  2to3-3.4  easy_install-3.4  idle3  idle3.4  pip3  pip3.4  pydoc3  pydoc3.4  python3  python3.4  python3.4-config  python3.4m  python3.4m-config  python3-config  pyvenv  pyvenv-3.4

/usr/local/include:

python3.4m

/usr/local/lib:

libpython3.4m.a pkgconfig python3.4

/usr/local/share/man/man1:

python3.1 python3.4.1

执行python命令，查看版本：

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.version)"

3.4.3 (default, Jul 15 2015, 14:40:59)

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11)]

4）卸载：

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# rpm -e python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man/man1}

/usr/local/bin:

/usr/local/include:

/usr/local/lib:

/usr/local/share/man/man1:

符合预期。

【实例2：打包yum源的配置文件为rpm包】

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# cd /data/rpms/pkgs/

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \

-a ‘x86_64‘ \

-n ‘office-repo-latest‘ \

-v ‘6‘ \

--iteration ‘1.el6‘ \

--epoch ‘0‘ \

--vendor ‘pc@office‘ \

--maintainer ‘PC‘ \

--description ‘provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms‘ \

/etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo

Created package {:path=>"office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.noarch.rpm"}

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpl office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

/etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpi office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Name : office-repo-latest Relocations: /

Version : 6 Vendor: pc@office

Release     : 1.el6                         Build Date: Thu 06 Aug 2015 04:53:26 PM CST

Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm

Group       : default                       Source RPM: office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.src.rpm

Size : 2392 License: unknown

Signature : (none)

Packager : PC

URL : http://example.com/no-uri-given

Summary : provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms

Description :

provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms

测试1：将打包的文件拷贝到其他主机上

[root@tvm-test ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/

安装：

[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -ivh office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:office-repo-latest ########################################### [100%]

[root@tvm-test ~]# diff /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/local-office.repo

测试2：将打包的文件拷贝到本地的yum源来提供安装。

[root@tvm-yum ~]# mv office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm /data/yum/repo/

先移除之前测试1安装的包：

[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -qa |grep office

office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64

[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -e office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64

安装：

[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.office.test/office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Retrieving http://mirrors.office.test/office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:office-repo-latest ########################################### [100%]

[root@tvm-test ~]# diff /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/local-office.repo

【实例3：打包最新版的monit】

1）从官网下载最新的binary

[root@tvm-rpm rpms]# mkdir monit && cd monit

[root@tvm-rpm monit]# wget https://mmonit.com/monit/dist/binary/5.14/monit-5.14-linux-x64.tar.gz

[root@tvm-rpm monit]# tar zxvf monit-5.14-linux-x64.tar.gz

monit-5.14/

monit-5.14/bin/

monit-5.14/bin/monit

monit-5.14/COPYING

monit-5.14/conf/

monit-5.14/conf/monitrc

monit-5.14/man/

monit-5.14/man/man1/

monit-5.14/man/man1/monit.1

[root@tvm-rpm monit]# cd monit-5.14

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# ll bin/ conf/ man/man1/

bin/:

total 2688

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2752045 Jun 9 18:18 monit

conf/:

total 12

-rw------- 1 root root 11220 Jun 9 18:18 monitrc

man/man1/:

total 132

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 131280 Jun 9 18:18 monit.1

拷贝到合适的位置：

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a bin/monit /usr/bin/

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a conf/monitrc /etc/

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a man/man1/monit.1 /usr/share/man/man1/

增加一个控制脚本：

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# ll init.d/

total 4

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1272 Jun 5 2014 monit

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cp -a init.d/monit /etc/init.d/

创建目录：

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# mkdir /etc/monit.d

调整配置文件：

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# grep ^[^#] /etc/monitrc

set daemon 120

with start delay 240

set logfile /var/log/monit

include /etc/monit.d/*

2）打包

[root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14]# cd /data/rpms/pkgs/

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \

-a ‘x86_64‘ \

-n ‘monit‘ \

-v ‘5.14‘ \

--iteration ‘1.el6‘ \

--epoch ‘0‘ \

--vendor ‘pc@office‘ \

--maintainer ‘PC‘ \

--description ‘monit-5.14 for local users‘ \

/usr/bin/monit \

/etc/monitrc \

/etc/monit.d \

/usr/share/man/man1/monit.1 \

/etc/init.d/monit

Created package {:path=>"monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpl monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

/etc/init.d/monit

/etc/monit.d

/etc/monitrc

/usr/bin/monit

/usr/share/man/man1/monit.1

[root@tvm-rpm pkgs]# rpm -qpi monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Name : monit Relocations: /

Version : 5.14 Vendor: pc@office

Release     : 1.el6                         Build Date: Fri 28 Aug 2015 06:00:57 PM CST

Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm

Group : default Source RPM: monit-5.14-1.el6.src.rpm

Size : 2895915 License: unknown

Signature : (none)

Packager : PC

URL : http://example.com/no-uri-given

Summary : monit-5.14 for local users

Description :

monit-5.14 for local users

测试1：将打包的文件拷贝到其他主机上

[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -Uvh monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:monit ########################################### [100%]

[root@tvm-test ~]# service monit start

Starting monit: Starting Monit 5.14 daemon

Monit start delay set -- pause for 240s

[ OK ]

[root@tvm-test ~]# chkconfig monit on

卸载：

[root@tvm-test ~]# rpm -e monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64

[root@tvm-test ~]# ls /usr/bin/monit /etc/monitrc

ls: cannot access /usr/bin/monit: No such file or directory

ls: cannot access /etc/monitrc: No such file or directory

可以发现，已经被删除。

测试2：更新到本地的yum源后安装

[root@tvm-yum x86_64]# pwd

/data/yum/repo/office/6/x86_64

上传rpm包，重建repo：

[root@tvm-yum x86_64]# createrepo .

Spawning worker 0 with 30 pkgs

Workers Finished

Gathering worker results

Saving Primary metadata

Saving file lists metadata

Saving other metadata

Generating sqlite DBs

Sqlite DBs complete

安装：

[root@tvm-test ~]# yum makecache

[root@tvm-test ~]# yum install monit

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package monit.x86_64 0:5.14-1.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================================================

Package                     Arch                         Version                           Repository                    Size

===============================================================================================================================

Installing:

monit                       x86_64                       5.14-1.el6                        office                       1.2 M

Transaction Summary

===============================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package(s)

Total download size: 1.2 M

Installed size: 2.8 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                             | 1.2 MB     00:00

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Installing : monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64                                                                                     1

/1

Verifying  : monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64                                                                                     1

/1

Installed:

monit.x86_64 0:5.14-1.el6

Complete!

【实例4：打包tengine】

1、准备

mkdir /opt/fpm/{src,rpms,install} -p

export DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL=/opt/fpm/install

export DIR_RPM_INSTALL=/opt/tengine

export DIR_RPMS=/opt/fpm/rpms

export DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS=/opt/fpm/scripts

2、源码编译

cd /opt/fpm/src

wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz

yum install pcre pcre-devel -y

tar zxvf tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz && cd tengine-2.1.2

./configure --prefix=${DIR_RPM_INSTALL}

===================================================注意以下输出，确认是否符合预期。

Configuration summary

+ using system PCRE library

+ using system OpenSSL library

+ md5: using OpenSSL library

+ sha1: using OpenSSL library

+ using system zlib library

+ jemalloc library is disabled

nginx path prefix: "/opt/tengine"

nginx binary file: "/opt/tengine/sbin/nginx"

nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/tengine/conf"

nginx configuration file: "/opt/tengine/conf/nginx.conf"

nginx pid file: "/opt/tengine/logs/nginx.pid"

nginx error log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/error.log"

nginx http access log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/access.log"

nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"

nginx dso module path: "/opt/tengine/modules/"

nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"

nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"

nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"

nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

===================================================

make && make install DESTDIR=${DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL}

3、自定义配置文件和脚本

[root@tvm-rpm tengine-2.1.2]# cd /opt/fpm

1）编辑脚本，用于rpm包安装和卸载时执行指令：

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# mkdir scripts

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# cat scripts/after-install.sh

#!/bin/bash

#

# 2017/2/22

# user

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;34mCreate user nginx:\033[0m\n‘

id nginx >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo ‘User [nginx] exist.‘ || (useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/cache/nginx -c "nginx user" nginx;id nginx)

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;34mConfiguration summary:\033[0m\n‘

cat <<‘_EOF‘

===================================================

+ using system PCRE library

+ using system OpenSSL library

+ md5: using OpenSSL library

+ sha1: using OpenSSL library

+ using system zlib library

+ jemalloc library is disabled

nginx path prefix: "/opt/tengine"

nginx binary file: "/opt/tengine/sbin/nginx"

nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/tengine/conf"

nginx configuration file: "/opt/tengine/conf/nginx.conf"

nginx pid file: "/opt/tengine/logs/nginx.pid"

nginx error log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/error.log"

nginx http access log file: "/opt/tengine/logs/access.log"

nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"

nginx dso module path: "/opt/tengine/modules/"

nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"

nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"

nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"

nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

startup script: /etc/init.d/tengine

===================================================

_EOF

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;33mTengine has been successfully installed.\033[0m\n‘

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# cat scripts/before-remove.sh

#!/bin/bash

#

# 2017/2/22

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;33mIn order to backup you data, please follow the guide, control it by hand.\033[0m\n‘

# service

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;34mService stopped.\033[0m\n‘

service tengine stop

# user

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;34m[Guide] Try to remove user nginx?\033[0m\n‘

echo ‘userdel -fr nginx‘

# dir

echo -e ‘\n\033[1;34mDirectory backuped: [/opt/tengine] -> [/opt/tengine.old]\033[0m\n‘

mv -fv /opt/tengine /opt/tengine.old

2）控制脚本

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# mkdir install/etc/init.d

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# vim install/etc/init.d/tengine

（略）

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# chmod +x install/etc/init.d/tengine

4、开始打包

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# fpm -s dir -t rpm \

-n Tengine \

-v ‘2.1.2‘ \

--iteration ‘1.el6‘ \

--epoch ‘0‘ \

--vendor ‘Tengine@taobao‘ \

--maintainer ‘PC‘ \

--description ‘Tengine is based on Nginx which stands for Engine-X.‘ \

--url ‘tengine.taobao.org‘ \

-C ${DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL} \

-p ${DIR_RPMS} \

-d ‘pcre‘ \

--after-install ${DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS}/after-install.sh \

--before-remove ${DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS}/before-remove.sh \

-f

Created package {:path=>"/opt/fpm/rpms/Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}

5、查看rpm包内的文件：

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# rpm -qpl /opt/fpm/rpms/Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[root@tvm-rpm fpm]# tree -L 2

.

├── install -> fpm打包时，将chroot到这个目录，对应安装后的文件系统中以下路径：/opt, /etc

│ ├── etc -> 在nginx的安装包中拷贝/etc/init.d/nginx，改一下配置文件中的相关路径为tengine的即可，然后将文件拷贝到这里（/etc/init.d/tengine）即可。

│ └── opt -> 源码安装后的目录

├── rpms

│ └── Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -> rpm包保存在这里

├── scripts

│ ├── after-install.sh -> 安装rpm包后执行这个脚本

│ └── before-remove.sh -> 卸载rpm包前执行这个脚本

└── src

├── tengine-2.1.2 -> 源码编译的工作目录

└── tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz -> 源码

7 directories, 4 files

6、拷贝rpm包到一台新的机器上测试：

符合预期。

ZYXW、参考

1、fpm/wiki

https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki

2、使用 FPM 创建 Python 的 RPM 包

http://theo.im/blog/2014/05/16/use-fpm-to-create-python-rpm-packages/

3、使用FPM快速生成RPM包

https://linux.cn/article-3184-1.html

参考==>

http://nosmoking.blog.51cto.com/3263888/1675009

http://www.cnblogs.com/saneri/p/5265661.html

001_fpm打包命令详解

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