1 # Redis configuration file example.
   2 #
   3 # Note that in order to read the configuration file, Redis must be
   4 # started with the file path as first argument:
   5 #
   6 # ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
   7 
   8 # Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specify
   9 # it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:
  10 #
  11 # 1k => 1000 bytes
  12 # 1kb => 1024 bytes
  13 # 1m => 1000000 bytes
  14 # 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes
  15 # 1g => 1000000000 bytes
  16 # 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes
  17 #
  18 # units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.
  19 
  20 ################################## INCLUDES ###################################
  21 
  22 # Include one or more other config files here.  This is useful if you
  23 # have a standard template that goes to all Redis servers but also need
  24 # to customize a few per-server settings.  Include files can include
  25 # other files, so use this wisely.
  26 #
  27 # Notice option "include" won‘t be rewritten by command "CONFIG REWRITE"
  28 # from admin or Redis Sentinel. Since Redis always uses the last processed
  29 # line as value of a configuration directive, you‘d better put includes
  30 # at the beginning of this file to avoid overwriting config change at runtime.
  31 #
  32 # If instead you are interested in using includes to override configuration
  33 # options, it is better to use include as the last line.
  34 #
  35 # include /path/to/local.conf
  36 # include /path/to/other.conf
  37 
  38 ################################## NETWORK #####################################
  39 
  40 # By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
  41 # for connections from all the network interfaces available on the server.
  42 # It is possible to listen to just one or multiple selected interfaces using
  43 # the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
  44 #
  45 # Examples:
  46 #
  47 # bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1
  48 # bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
  49 #
  50 # ~~~ WARNING ~~~ If the computer running Redis is directly exposed to the
  51 # internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the
  52 # instance to everybody on the internet. So by default we uncomment the
  53 # following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only into
  54 # the IPv4 lookback interface address (this means Redis will be able to
  55 # accept connections only from clients running into the same computer it
  56 # is running).
  57 #
  58 # IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE INTERFACES
  59 # JUST COMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
  60 # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  61 # bind 127.0.0.1
  62 
  63 bind 121.49.107.233
  64 
  65 # Protected mode is a layer of security protection, in order to avoid that
  66 # Redis instances left open on the internet are accessed and exploited.
  67 #
  68 # When protected mode is on and if:
  69 #
  70 # 1) The server is not binding explicitly to a set of addresses using the
  71 #    "bind" directive.
  72 # 2) No password is configured.
  73 #
  74 # The server only accepts connections from clients connecting from the
  75 # IPv4 and IPv6 loopback addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1, and from Unix domain
  76 # sockets.
  77 #
  78 # By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
  79 # you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
  80 # even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
  81 # are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
  82 protected-mode yes
  83 
  84 # Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379 (IANA #815344).
  85 # If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.
  86 port 6379
  87 
  88 # TCP listen() backlog.
  89 #
  90 # In high requests-per-second environments you need an high backlog in order
  91 # to avoid slow clients connections issues. Note that the Linux kernel
  92 # will silently truncate it to the value of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn so
  93 # make sure to raise both the value of somaxconn and tcp_max_syn_backlog
  94 # in order to get the desired effect.
  95 tcp-backlog 511
  96 
  97 # Unix socket.
  98 #
  99 # Specify the path for the Unix socket that will be used to listen for
 100 # incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen
 101 # on a unix socket when not specified.
 102 #
 103 # unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock
 104 # unixsocketperm 700
 105 
 106 # Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
 107 timeout 300
 108 
 109 # TCP keepalive.
 110 #
 111 # If non-zero, use SO_KEEPALIVE to send TCP ACKs to clients in absence
 112 # of communication. This is useful for two reasons:
 113 #
 114 # 1) Detect dead peers.
 115 # 2) Take the connection alive from the point of view of network
 116 #    equipment in the middle.
 117 #
 118 # On Linux, the specified value (in seconds) is the period used to send ACKs.
 119 # Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed.
 120 # On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration.
 121 #
 122 # A reasonable value for this option is 300 seconds, which is the new
 123 # Redis default starting with Redis 3.2.1.
 124 tcp-keepalive 300
 125 
 126 ################################# GENERAL #####################################
 127 
 128 # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use ‘yes‘ if you need it.
 129 # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
 130 daemonize yes
 131 
 132 # If you run Redis from upstart or systemd, Redis can interact with your
 133 # supervision tree. Options:
 134 #   supervised no      - no supervision interaction
 135 #   supervised upstart - signal upstart by putting Redis into SIGSTOP mode
 136 #   supervised systemd - signal systemd by writing READY=1 to $NOTIFY_SOCKET
 137 #   supervised auto    - detect upstart or systemd method based on
 138 #                        UPSTART_JOB or NOTIFY_SOCKET environment variables
 139 # Note: these supervision methods only signal "process is ready."
 140 #       They do not enable continuous liveness pings back to your supervisor.
 141 supervised no
 142 
 143 # If a pid file is specified, Redis writes it where specified at startup
 144 # and removes it at exit.
 145 #
 146 # When the server runs non daemonized, no pid file is created if none is
 147 # specified in the configuration. When the server is daemonized, the pid file
 148 # is used even if not specified, defaulting to "/var/run/redis.pid".
 149 #
 150 # Creating a pid file is best effort: if Redis is not able to create it
 151 # nothing bad happens, the server will start and run normally.
 152 pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid
 153 
 154 # Specify the server verbosity level.
 155 # This can be one of:
 156 # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
 157 # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
 158 # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
 159 # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
 160 loglevel debug
 161 
 162 # Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force
 163 # Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
 164 # output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
 165 logfile /usr/local/etc/redis/log-redis.log
 166 
 167 # To enable logging to the system logger, just set ‘syslog-enabled‘ to yes,
 168 # and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.
 169 # syslog-enabled no
 170 
 171 # Specify the syslog identity.
 172 # syslog-ident redis
 173 
 174 # Specify the syslog facility. Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7.
 175 # syslog-facility local0
 176 
 177 # Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
 178 # a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
 179 # dbid is a number between 0 and ‘databases‘-1
 180 databases 8
 181 
 182 ################################ SNAPSHOTTING  ################################
 183 #
 184 # Save the DB on disk:
 185 #
 186 #   save <seconds> <changes>
 187 #
 188 #   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
 189 #   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
 190 #
 191 #   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
 192 #   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
 193 #   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
 194 #   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
 195 #
 196 #   Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all "save" lines.
 197 #
 198 #   It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save
 199 #   points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument
 200 #   like in the following example:
 201 #
 202 #   save ""
 203 
 204 save 900 1
 205 save 300 10
 206 save 60 10000
 207 
 208 # By default Redis will stop accepting writes if RDB snapshots are enabled
 209 # (at least one save point) and the latest background save failed.
 210 # This will make the user aware (in a hard way) that data is not persisting
 211 # on disk properly, otherwise chances are that no one will notice and some
 212 # disaster will happen.
 213 #
 214 # If the background saving process will start working again Redis will
 215 # automatically allow writes again.
 216 #
 217 # However if you have setup your proper monitoring of the Redis server
 218 # and persistence, you may want to disable this feature so that Redis will
 219 # continue to work as usual even if there are problems with disk,
 220 # permissions, and so forth.
 221 stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
 222 
 223 # Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
 224 # For default that‘s set to ‘yes‘ as it‘s almost always a win.
 225 # If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to ‘no‘ but
 226 # the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
 227 rdbcompression yes
 228 
 229 # Since version 5 of RDB a CRC64 checksum is placed at the end of the file.
 230 # This makes the format more resistant to corruption but there is a performance
 231 # hit to pay (around 10%) when saving and loading RDB files, so you can disable it
 232 # for maximum performances.
 233 #
 234 # RDB files created with checksum disabled have a checksum of zero that will
 235 # tell the loading code to skip the check.
 236 rdbchecksum yes
 237 
 238 # The filename where to dump the DB
 239 dbfilename dump.rdb
 240 
 241 # The working directory.
 242 #
 243 # The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
 244 # above using the ‘dbfilename‘ configuration directive.
 245 #
 246 # The Append Only File will also be created inside this directory.
 247 #
 248 # Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
 249 dir /usr/local/redis/db/
 250 
 251 ################################# REPLICATION #################################
 252 
 253 # Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
 254 # another Redis server. A few things to understand ASAP about Redis replication.
 255 #
 256 # 1) Redis replication is asynchronous, but you can configure a master to
 257 #    stop accepting writes if it appears to be not connected with at least
 258 #    a given number of slaves.
 259 # 2) Redis slaves are able to perform a partial resynchronization with the
 260 #    master if the replication link is lost for a relatively small amount of
 261 #    time. You may want to configure the replication backlog size (see the next
 262 #    sections of this file) with a sensible value depending on your needs.
 263 # 3) Replication is automatic and does not need user intervention. After a
 264 #    network partition slaves automatically try to reconnect to masters
 265 #    and resynchronize with them.
 266 #
 267 # slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
 268 
 269 # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
 270 # directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
 271 # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
 272 # refuse the slave request.
 273 #
 274 # masterauth <master-password>
 275 
 276 # When a slave loses its connection with the master, or when the replication
 277 # is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways:
 278 #
 279 # 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to ‘yes‘ (the default) the slave will
 280 #    still reply to client requests, possibly with out of date data, or the
 281 #    data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.
 282 #
 283 # 2) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to ‘no‘ the slave will reply with
 284 #    an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands
 285 #    but to INFO and SLAVEOF.
 286 #
 287 slave-serve-stale-data yes
 288 
 289 # You can configure a slave instance to accept writes or not. Writing against
 290 # a slave instance may be useful to store some ephemeral data (because data
 291 # written on a slave will be easily deleted after resync with the master) but
 292 # may also cause problems if clients are writing to it because of a
 293 # misconfiguration.
 294 #
 295 # Since Redis 2.6 by default slaves are read-only.
 296 #
 297 # Note: read only slaves are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients
 298 # on the internet. It‘s just a protection layer against misuse of the instance.
 299 # Still a read only slave exports by default all the administrative commands
 300 # such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extent you can improve
 301 # security of read only slaves using ‘rename-command‘ to shadow all the
 302 # administrative / dangerous commands.
 303 slave-read-only yes
 304 
 305 # Replication SYNC strategy: disk or socket.
 306 #
 307 # -------------------------------------------------------
 308 # WARNING: DISKLESS REPLICATION IS EXPERIMENTAL CURRENTLY
 309 # -------------------------------------------------------
 310 #
 311 # New slaves and reconnecting slaves that are not able to continue the replication
 312 # process just receiving differences, need to do what is called a "full
 313 # synchronization". An RDB file is transmitted from the master to the slaves.
 314 # The transmission can happen in two different ways:
 315 #
 316 # 1) Disk-backed: The Redis master creates a new process that writes the RDB
 317 #                 file on disk. Later the file is transferred by the parent
 318 #                 process to the slaves incrementally.
 319 # 2) Diskless: The Redis master creates a new process that directly writes the
 320 #              RDB file to slave sockets, without touching the disk at all.
 321 #
 322 # With disk-backed replication, while the RDB file is generated, more slaves
 323 # can be queued and served with the RDB file as soon as the current child producing
 324 # the RDB file finishes its work. With diskless replication instead once
 325 # the transfer starts, new slaves arriving will be queued and a new transfer
 326 # will start when the current one terminates.
 327 #
 328 # When diskless replication is used, the master waits a configurable amount of
 329 # time (in seconds) before starting the transfer in the hope that multiple slaves
 330 # will arrive and the transfer can be parallelized.
 331 #
 332 # With slow disks and fast (large bandwidth) networks, diskless replication
 333 # works better.
 334 repl-diskless-sync no
 335 
 336 # When diskless replication is enabled, it is possible to configure the delay
 337 # the server waits in order to spawn the child that transfers the RDB via socket
 338 # to the slaves.
 339 #
 340 # This is important since once the transfer starts, it is not possible to serve
 341 # new slaves arriving, that will be queued for the next RDB transfer, so the server
 342 # waits a delay in order to let more slaves arrive.
 343 #
 344 # The delay is specified in seconds, and by default is 5 seconds. To disable
 345 # it entirely just set it to 0 seconds and the transfer will start ASAP.
 346 repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
 347 
 348 # Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It‘s possible to change
 349 # this interval with the repl_ping_slave_period option. The default value is 10
 350 # seconds.
 351 #
 352 # repl-ping-slave-period 10
 353 
 354 # The following option sets the replication timeout for:
 355 #
 356 # 1) Bulk transfer I/O during SYNC, from the point of view of slave.
 357 # 2) Master timeout from the point of view of slaves (data, pings).
 358 # 3) Slave timeout from the point of view of masters (REPLCONF ACK pings).
 359 #
 360 # It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value
 361 # specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected
 362 # every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave.
 363 #
 364 # repl-timeout 60
 365 
 366 # Disable TCP_NODELAY on the slave socket after SYNC?
 367 #
 368 # If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and
 369 # less bandwidth to send data to slaves. But this can add a delay for
 370 # the data to appear on the slave side, up to 40 milliseconds with
 371 # Linux kernels using a default configuration.
 372 #
 373 # If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the slave side will
 374 # be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication.
 375 #
 376 # By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions
 377 # or when the master and slaves are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may
 378 # be a good idea.
 379 repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
 380 
 381 # Set the replication backlog size. The backlog is a buffer that accumulates
 382 # slave data when slaves are disconnected for some time, so that when a slave
 383 # wants to reconnect again, often a full resync is not needed, but a partial
 384 # resync is enough, just passing the portion of data the slave missed while
 385 # disconnected.
 386 #
 387 # The bigger the replication backlog, the longer the time the slave can be
 388 # disconnected and later be able to perform a partial resynchronization.
 389 #
 390 # The backlog is only allocated once there is at least a slave connected.
 391 #
 392 # repl-backlog-size 1mb
 393 
 394 # After a master has no longer connected slaves for some time, the backlog
 395 # will be freed. The following option configures the amount of seconds that
 396 # need to elapse, starting from the time the last slave disconnected, for
 397 # the backlog buffer to be freed.
 398 #
 399 # A value of 0 means to never release the backlog.
 400 #
 401 # repl-backlog-ttl 3600
 402 
 403 # The slave priority is an integer number published by Redis in the INFO output.
 404 # It is used by Redis Sentinel in order to select a slave to promote into a
 405 # master if the master is no longer working correctly.
 406 #
 407 # A slave with a low priority number is considered better for promotion, so
 408 # for instance if there are three slaves with priority 10, 100, 25 Sentinel will
 409 # pick the one with priority 10, that is the lowest.
 410 #
 411 # However a special priority of 0 marks the slave as not able to perform the
 412 # role of master, so a slave with priority of 0 will never be selected by
 413 # Redis Sentinel for promotion.
 414 #
 415 # By default the priority is 100.
 416 slave-priority 100
 417 
 418 # It is possible for a master to stop accepting writes if there are less than
 419 # N slaves connected, having a lag less or equal than M seconds.
 420 #
 421 # The N slaves need to be in "online" state.
 422 #
 423 # The lag in seconds, that must be <= the specified value, is calculated from
 424 # the last ping received from the slave, that is usually sent every second.
 425 #
 426 # This option does not GUARANTEE that N replicas will accept the write, but
 427 # will limit the window of exposure for lost writes in case not enough slaves
 428 # are available, to the specified number of seconds.
 429 #
 430 # For example to require at least 3 slaves with a lag <= 10 seconds use:
 431 #
 432 # min-slaves-to-write 3
 433 # min-slaves-max-lag 10
 434 #
 435 # Setting one or the other to 0 disables the feature.
 436 #
 437 # By default min-slaves-to-write is set to 0 (feature disabled) and
 438 # min-slaves-max-lag is set to 10.
 439 
 440 # A Redis master is able to list the address and port of the attached
 441 # slaves in different ways. For example the "INFO replication" section
 442 # offers this information, which is used, among other tools, by
 443 # Redis Sentinel in order to discover slave instances.
 444 # Another place where this info is available is in the output of the
 445 # "ROLE" command of a masteer.
 446 #
 447 # The listed IP and address normally reported by a slave is obtained
 448 # in the following way:
 449 #
 450 #   IP: The address is auto detected by checking the peer address
 451 #   of the socket used by the slave to connect with the master.
 452 #
 453 #   Port: The port is communicated by the slave during the replication
 454 #   handshake, and is normally the port that the slave is using to
 455 #   list for connections.
 456 #
 457 # However when port forwarding or Network Address Translation (NAT) is
 458 # used, the slave may be actually reachable via different IP and port
 459 # pairs. The following two options can be used by a slave in order to
 460 # report to its master a specific set of IP and port, so that both INFO
 461 # and ROLE will report those values.
 462 #
 463 # There is no need to use both the options if you need to override just
 464 # the port or the IP address.
 465 #
 466 # slave-announce-ip 5.5.5.5
 467 # slave-announce-port 1234
 468 
 469 ################################## SECURITY ###################################
 470 
 471 # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
 472 # commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
 473 # others with access to the host running redis-server.
 474 #
 475 # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
 476 # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
 477 #
 478 # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
 479 # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
 480 # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
 481 #
 482 # requirepass foobared
 483 
 484 # Command renaming.
 485 #
 486 # It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared
 487 # environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something
 488 # hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools
 489 # but not available for general clients.
 490 #
 491 # Example:
 492 #
 493 # rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52
 494 #
 495 # It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into
 496 # an empty string:
 497 #
 498 # rename-command CONFIG ""
 499 #
 500 # Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the
 501 # AOF file or transmitted to slaves may cause problems.
 502 
 503 ################################### LIMITS ####################################
 504 
 505 # Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default
 506 # this limit is set to 10000 clients, however if the Redis server is not
 507 # able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit
 508 # the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit
 509 # minus 32 (as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses).
 510 #
 511 # Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
 512 # an error ‘max number of clients reached‘.
 513 #
 514 # maxclients 10000
 515 
 516 # Don‘t use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
 517 # When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys
 518 # according to the eviction policy selected (see maxmemory-policy).
 519 #
 520 # If Redis can‘t remove keys according to the policy, or if the policy is
 521 # set to ‘noeviction‘, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
 522 # that would use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
 523 # to reply to read-only commands like GET.
 524 #
 525 # This option is usually useful when using Redis as an LRU cache, or to set
 526 # a hard memory limit for an instance (using the ‘noeviction‘ policy).
 527 #
 528 # WARNING: If you have slaves attached to an instance with maxmemory on,
 529 # the size of the output buffers needed to feed the slaves are subtracted
 530 # from the used memory count, so that network problems / resyncs will
 531 # not trigger a loop where keys are evicted, and in turn the output
 532 # buffer of slaves is full with DELs of keys evicted triggering the deletion
 533 # of more keys, and so forth until the database is completely emptied.
 534 #
 535 # In short... if you have slaves attached it is suggested that you set a lower
 536 # limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for slave
 537 # output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is ‘noeviction‘).
 538 #
 539 # maxmemory <bytes>
 540 
 541 # MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory
 542 # is reached. You can select among five behaviors:
 543 #
 544 # volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm
 545 # allkeys-lru -> remove any key according to the LRU algorithm
 546 # volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set
 547 # allkeys-random -> remove a random key, any key
 548 # volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
 549 # noeviction -> don‘t expire at all, just return an error on write operations
 550 #
 551 # Note: with any of the above policies, Redis will return an error on write
 552 #       operations, when there are no suitable keys for eviction.
 553 #
 554 #       At the date of writing these commands are: set setnx setex append
 555 #       incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd
 556 #       sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby
 557 #       zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby
 558 #       getset mset msetnx exec sort
 559 #
 560 # The default is:
 561 #
 562 # maxmemory-policy noeviction
 563 
 564 # LRU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated
 565 # algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can tune it for speed or
 566 # accuracy. For default Redis will check five keys and pick the one that was
 567 # used less recently, you can change the sample size using the following
 568 # configuration directive.
 569 #
 570 # The default of 5 produces good enough results. 10 Approximates very closely
 571 # true LRU but costs a bit more CPU. 3 is very fast but not very accurate.
 572 #
 573 # maxmemory-samples 5
 574 
 575 ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
 576 
 577 # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
 578 # good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
 579 # a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
 580 # the configured save points).
 581 #
 582 # The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides
 583 # much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy
 584 # (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a
 585 # dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something
 586 # wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is
 587 # still running correctly.
 588 #
 589 # AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.
 590 # If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file
 591 # with the better durability guarantees.
 592 #
 593 # Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information.
 594 
 595 appendonly no
 596 
 597 # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
 598 
 599 appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
 600 
 601 # The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
 602 # instead of waiting for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
 603 # data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
 604 #
 605 # Redis supports three different modes:
 606 #
 607 # no: don‘t fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
 608 # always: fsync after every write to the append only log. Slow, Safest.
 609 # everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.
 610 #
 611 # The default is "everysec", as that‘s usually the right compromise between
 612 # speed and data safety. It‘s up to you to understand if you can relax this to
 613 # "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
 614 # it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
 615 # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that‘s snapshotting),
 616 # or on the contrary, use "always" that‘s very slow but a bit safer than
 617 # everysec.
 618 #
 619 # More details please check the following article:
 620 # http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html
 621 #
 622 # If unsure, use "everysec".
 623 
 624 # appendfsync always
 625 appendfsync everysec
 626 # appendfsync no
 627 
 628 # When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background
 629 # saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is
 630 # performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations
 631 # Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for
 632 # this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block
 633 # our synchronous write(2) call.
 634 #
 635 # In order to mitigate this problem it‘s possible to use the following option
 636 # that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a
 637 # BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.
 638 #
 639 # This means that while another child is saving, the durability of Redis is
 640 # the same as "appendfsync none". In practical terms, this means that it is
 641 # possible to lose up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the
 642 # default Linux settings).
 643 #
 644 # If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as
 645 # "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.
 646 
 647 no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
 648 
 649 # Automatic rewrite of the append only file.
 650 # Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling
 651 # BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage.
 652 #
 653 # This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the
 654 # latest rewrite (if no rewrite has happened since the restart, the size of
 655 # the AOF at startup is used).
 656 #
 657 # This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is
 658 # bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also
 659 # you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this
 660 # is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase
 661 # is reached but it is still pretty small.
 662 #
 663 # Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF
 664 # rewrite feature.
 665 
 666 auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
 667 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
 668 
 669 # An AOF file may be found to be truncated at the end during the Redis
 670 # startup process, when the AOF data gets loaded back into memory.
 671 # This may happen when the system where Redis is running
 672 # crashes, especially when an ext4 filesystem is mounted without the
 673 # data=http://www.mamicode.com/ordered option (however this can‘t happen when Redis itself
 674 # crashes or aborts but the operating system still works correctly).
 675 #
 676 # Redis can either exit with an error when this happens, or load as much
 677 # data as possible (the default now) and start if the AOF file is found
 678 # to be truncated at the end. The following option controls this behavior.
 679 #
 680 # If aof-load-truncated is set to yes, a truncated AOF file is loaded and
 681 # the Redis server starts emitting a log to inform the user of the event.
 682 # Otherwise if the option is set to no, the server aborts with an error
 683 # and refuses to start. When the option is set to no, the user requires
 684 # to fix the AOF file using the "redis-check-aof" utility before to restart
 685 # the server.
 686 #
 687 # Note that if the AOF file will be found to be corrupted in the middle
 688 # the server will still exit with an error. This option only applies when
 689 # Redis will try to read more data from the AOF file but not enough bytes
 690 # will be found.
 691 aof-load-truncated yes
 692 
 693 ################################ LUA SCRIPTING  ###############################
 694 
 695 # Max execution time of a Lua script in milliseconds.
 696 #
 697 # If the maximum execution time is reached Redis will log that a script is
 698 # still in execution after the maximum allowed time and will start to
 699 # reply to queries with an error.
 700 #
 701 # When a long running script exceeds the maximum execution time only the
 702 # SCRIPT KILL and SHUTDOWN NOSAVE commands are available. The first can be
 703 # used to stop a script that did not yet called write commands. The second
 704 # is the only way to shut down the server in the case a write command was
 705 # already issued by the script but the user doesn‘t want to wait for the natural
 706 # termination of the script.
 707 #
 708 # Set it to 0 or a negative value for unlimited execution without warnings.
 709 lua-time-limit 5000
 710 
 711 ################################ REDIS CLUSTER  ###############################
 712 #
 713 # ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 714 # WARNING EXPERIMENTAL: Redis Cluster is considered to be stable code, however
 715 # in order to mark it as "mature" we need to wait for a non trivial percentage
 716 # of users to deploy it in production.
 717 # ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 718 #
 719 # Normal Redis instances can‘t be part of a Redis Cluster; only nodes that are
 720 # started as cluster nodes can. In order to start a Redis instance as a
 721 # cluster node enable the cluster support uncommenting the following:
 722 #
 723 # cluster-enabled yes
 724 
 725 # Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not
 726 # intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.
 727 # Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.
 728 # Make sure that instances running in the same system do not have
 729 # overlapping cluster configuration file names.
 730 #
 731 # cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
 732 
 733 # Cluster node timeout is the amount of milliseconds a node must be unreachable
 734 # for it to be considered in failure state.
 735 # Most other internal time limits are multiple of the node timeout.
 736 #
 737 # cluster-node-timeout 15000
 738 
 739 # A slave of a failing master will avoid to start a failover if its data
 740 # looks too old.
 741 #
 742 # There is no simple way for a slave to actually have a exact measure of
 743 # its "data age", so the following two checks are performed:
 744 #
 745 # 1) If there are multiple slaves able to failover, they exchange messages
 746 #    in order to try to give an advantage to the slave with the best
 747 #    replication offset (more data from the master processed).
 748 #    Slaves will try to get their rank by offset, and apply to the start
 749 #    of the failover a delay proportional to their rank.
 750 #
 751 # 2) Every single slave computes the time of the last interaction with
 752 #    its master. This can be the last ping or command received (if the master
 753 #    is still in the "connected" state), or the time that elapsed since the
 754 #    disconnection with the master (if the replication link is currently down).
 755 #    If the last interaction is too old, the slave will not try to failover
 756 #    at all.
 757 #
 758 # The point "2" can be tuned by user. Specifically a slave will not perform
 759 # the failover if, since the last interaction with the master, the time
 760 # elapsed is greater than:
 761 #
 762 #   (node-timeout * slave-validity-factor) + repl-ping-slave-period
 763 #
 764 # So for example if node-timeout is 30 seconds, and the slave-validity-factor
 765 # is 10, and assuming a default repl-ping-slave-period of 10 seconds, the
 766 # slave will not try to failover if it was not able to talk with the master
 767 # for longer than 310 seconds.
 768 #
 769 # A large slave-validity-factor may allow slaves with too old data to failover
 770 # a master, while a too small value may prevent the cluster from being able to
 771 # elect a slave at all.
 772 #
 773 # For maximum availability, it is possible to set the slave-validity-factor
 774 # to a value of 0, which means, that slaves will always try to failover the
 775 # master regardless of the last time they interacted with the master.
 776 # (However they‘ll always try to apply a delay proportional to their
 777 # offset rank).
 778 #
 779 # Zero is the only value able to guarantee that when all the partitions heal
 780 # the cluster will always be able to continue.
 781 #
 782 # cluster-slave-validity-factor 10
 783 
 784 # Cluster slaves are able to migrate to orphaned masters, that are masters
 785 # that are left without working slaves. This improves the cluster ability
 786 # to resist to failures as otherwise an orphaned master can‘t be failed over
 787 # in case of failure if it has no working slaves.
 788 #
 789 # Slaves migrate to orphaned masters only if there are still at least a
 790 # given number of other working slaves for their old master. This number
 791 # is the "migration barrier". A migration barrier of 1 means that a slave
 792 # will migrate only if there is at least 1 other working slave for its master
 793 # and so forth. It usually reflects the number of slaves you want for every
 794 # master in your cluster.
 795 #
 796 # Default is 1 (slaves migrate only if their masters remain with at least
 797 # one slave). To disable migration just set it to a very large value.
 798 # A value of 0 can be set but is useful only for debugging and dangerous
 799 # in production.
 800 #
 801 # cluster-migration-barrier 1
 802 
 803 # By default Redis Cluster nodes stop accepting queries if they detect there
 804 # is at least an hash slot uncovered (no available node is serving it).
 805 # This way if the cluster is partially down (for example a range of hash slots
 806 # are no longer covered) all the cluster becomes, eventually, unavailable.
 807 # It automatically returns available as soon as all the slots are covered again.
 808 #
 809 # However sometimes you want the subset of the cluster which is working,
 810 # to continue to accept queries for the part of the key space that is still
 811 # covered. In order to do so, just set the cluster-require-full-coverage
 812 # option to no.
 813 #
 814 # cluster-require-full-coverage yes
 815 
 816 # In order to setup your cluster make sure to read the documentation
 817 # available at http://redis.io web site.
 818 
 819 ################################## SLOW LOG ###################################
 820 
 821 # The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified
 822 # execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations
 823 # like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,
 824 # but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only
 825 # stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve
 826 # other requests in the meantime).
 827 #
 828 # You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis
 829 # what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the
 830 # command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the
 831 # slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the
 832 # queue of logged commands.
 833 
 834 # The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent
 835 # to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while
 836 # a value of zero forces the logging of every command.
 837 slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
 838 
 839 # There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.
 840 # You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.
 841 slowlog-max-len 128
 842 
 843 ################################ LATENCY MONITOR ##############################
 844 
 845 # The Redis latency monitoring subsystem samples different operations
 846 # at runtime in order to collect data related to possible sources of
 847 # latency of a Redis instance.
 848 #
 849 # Via the LATENCY command this information is available to the user that can
 850 # print graphs and obtain reports.
 851 #
 852 # The system only logs operations that were performed in a time equal or
 853 # greater than the amount of milliseconds specified via the
 854 # latency-monitor-threshold configuration directive. When its value is set
 855 # to zero, the latency monitor is turned off.
 856 #
 857 # By default latency monitoring is disabled since it is mostly not needed
 858 # if you don‘t have latency issues, and collecting data has a performance
 859 # impact, that while very small, can be measured under big load. Latency
 860 # monitoring can easily be enabled at runtime using the command
 861 # "CONFIG SET latency-monitor-threshold <milliseconds>" if needed.
 862 latency-monitor-threshold 0
 863 
 864 ############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################
 865 
 866 # Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space.
 867 # This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/notifications
 868 #
 869 # For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client
 870 # performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two
 871 # messages will be published via Pub/Sub:
 872 #
 873 # PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del
 874 # PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo
 875 #
 876 # It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set
 877 # of classes. Every class is identified by a single character:
 878 #
 879 #  K     Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@<db>__ prefix.
 880 #  E     Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@<db>__ prefix.
 881 #  g     Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ...
 882 #  $     String commands
 883 #  l     List commands
 884 #  s     Set commands
 885 #  h     Hash commands
 886 #  z     Sorted set commands
 887 #  x     Expired events (events generated every time a key expires)
 888 #  e     Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory)
 889 #  A     Alias for g$lshzxe, so that the "AKE" string means all the events.
 890 #
 891 #  The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed
 892 #  of zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications
 893 #  are disabled.
 894 #
 895 #  Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the
 896 #           event name, use:
 897 #
 898 #  notify-keyspace-events Elg
 899 #
 900 #  Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel
 901 #             name __keyevent@0__:expired use:
 902 #
 903 #  notify-keyspace-events Ex
 904 #
 905 #  By default all notifications are disabled because most users don‘t need
 906 #  this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don‘t
 907 #  specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered.
 908 notify-keyspace-events ""
 909 
 910 ############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
 911 
 912 # Hashes are encoded using a memory efficient data structure when they have a
 913 # small number of entries, and the biggest entry does not exceed a given
 914 # threshold. These thresholds can be configured using the following directives.
 915 hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
 916 hash-max-ziplist-value 64
 917 
 918 # Lists are also encoded in a special way to save a lot of space.
 919 # The number of entries allowed per internal list node can be specified
 920 # as a fixed maximum size or a maximum number of elements.
 921 # For a fixed maximum size, use -5 through -1, meaning:
 922 # -5: max size: 64 Kb  <-- not recommended for normal workloads
 923 # -4: max size: 32 Kb  <-- not recommended
 924 # -3: max size: 16 Kb  <-- probably not recommended
 925 # -2: max size: 8 Kb   <-- good
 926 # -1: max size: 4 Kb   <-- good
 927 # Positive numbers mean store up to _exactly_ that number of elements
 928 # per list node.
 929 # The highest performing option is usually -2 (8 Kb size) or -1 (4 Kb size),
 930 # but if your use case is unique, adjust the settings as necessary.
 931 list-max-ziplist-size -2
 932 
 933 # Lists may also be compressed.
 934 # Compress depth is the number of quicklist ziplist nodes from *each* side of
 935 # the list to *exclude* from compression.  The head and tail of the list
 936 # are always uncompressed for fast push/pop operations.  Settings are:
 937 # 0: disable all list compression
 938 # 1: depth 1 means "don‘t start compressing until after 1 node into the list,
 939 #    going from either the head or tail"
 940 #    So: [head]->node->node->...->node->[tail]
 941 #    [head], [tail] will always be uncompressed; inner nodes will compress.
 942 # 2: [head]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[tail]
 943 #    2 here means: don‘t compress head or head->next or tail->prev or tail,
 944 #    but compress all nodes between them.
 945 # 3: [head]->[next]->[next]->node->node->...->node->[prev]->[prev]->[tail]
 946 # etc.
 947 list-compress-depth 0
 948 
 949 # Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed
 950 # of just strings that happen to be integers in radix 10 in the range
 951 # of 64 bit signed integers.
 952 # The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the
 953 # set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.
 954 set-max-intset-entries 512
 955 
 956 # Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in
 957 # order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and
 958 # elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:
 959 zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
 960 zset-max-ziplist-value 64
 961 
 962 # HyperLogLog sparse representation bytes limit. The limit includes the
 963 # 16 bytes header. When an HyperLogLog using the sparse representation crosses
 964 # this limit, it is converted into the dense representation.
 965 #
 966 # A value greater than 16000 is totally useless, since at that point the
 967 # dense representation is more memory efficient.
 968 #
 969 # The suggested value is ~ 3000 in order to have the benefits of
 970 # the space efficient encoding without slowing down too much PFADD,
 971 # which is O(N) with the sparse encoding. The value can be raised to
 972 # ~ 10000 when CPU is not a concern, but space is, and the data set is
 973 # composed of many HyperLogLogs with cardinality in the 0 - 15000 range.
 974 hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
 975 
 976 # Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in
 977 # order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level
 978 # keys to values). The hash table implementation Redis uses (see dict.c)
 979 # performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into a hash table
 980 # that is rehashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the
 981 # server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used
 982 # by the hash table.
 983 #
 984 # The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to
 985 # actively rehash the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.
 986 #
 987 # If unsure:
 988 # use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is
 989 # not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply from time to time
 990 # to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.
 991 #
 992 # use "activerehashing yes" if you don‘t have such hard requirements but
 993 # want to free memory asap when possible.
 994 activerehashing yes
 995 
 996 # The client output buffer limits can be used to force disconnection of clients
 997 # that are not reading data from the server fast enough for some reason (a
 998 # common reason is that a Pub/Sub client can‘t consume messages as fast as the
 999 # publisher can produce them).
1000 #
1001 # The limit can be set differently for the three different classes of clients:
1002 #
1003 # normal -> normal clients including MONITOR clients
1004 # slave  -> slave clients
1005 # pubsub -> clients subscribed to at least one pubsub channel or pattern
1006 #
1007 # The syntax of every client-output-buffer-limit directive is the following:
1008 #
1009 # client-output-buffer-limit <class> <hard limit> <soft limit> <soft seconds>
1010 #
1011 # A client is immediately disconnected once the hard limit is reached, or if
1012 # the soft limit is reached and remains reached for the specified number of
1013 # seconds (continuously).
1014 # So for instance if the hard limit is 32 megabytes and the soft limit is
1015 # 16 megabytes / 10 seconds, the client will get disconnected immediately
1016 # if the size of the output buffers reach 32 megabytes, but will also get
1017 # disconnected if the client reaches 16 megabytes and continuously overcomes
1018 # the limit for 10 seconds.
1019 #
1020 # By default normal clients are not limited because they don‘t receive data
1021 # without asking (in a push way), but just after a request, so only
1022 # asynchronous clients may create a scenario where data is requested faster
1023 # than it can read.
1024 #
1025 # Instead there is a default limit for pubsub and slave clients, since
1026 # subscribers and slaves receive data in a push fashion.
1027 #
1028 # Both the hard or the soft limit can be disabled by setting them to zero.
1029 client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
1030 client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
1031 client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
1032 
1033 # Redis calls an internal function to perform many background tasks, like
1034 # closing connections of clients in timeout, purging expired keys that are
1035 # never requested, and so forth.
1036 #
1037 # Not all tasks are performed with the same frequency, but Redis checks for
1038 # tasks to perform according to the specified "hz" value.
1039 #
1040 # By default "hz" is set to 10. Raising the value will use more CPU when
1041 # Redis is idle, but at the same time will make Redis more responsive when
1042 # there are many keys expiring at the same time, and timeouts may be
1043 # handled with more precision.
1044 #
1045 # The range is between 1 and 500, however a value over 100 is usually not
1046 # a good idea. Most users should use the default of 10 and raise this up to
1047 # 100 only in environments where very low latency is required.
1048 hz 10
1049 
1050 # When a child rewrites the AOF file, if the following option is enabled
1051 # the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful
1052 # in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid
1053 # big latency spikes.
1054 aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes