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【测试】手工搭建DG
前言：（一）准备工作：
1.数据库要处于归档模式；
2.监听参数：local_listener 默认值为空--1521
3.关闭闪回（可能会触发数据库的bug，备库不能开闪回）
4.如果有外部表，外部表要删除。
（二）环境描述：
192.168.206.3 主库 ORA11GR2
192.168.206.4 备库 PROD
一，将数据库处于归档模式：
SYS@ORA11GR2>startup mount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 830930944 bytes Fixed Size 2257800 bytes Variable Size 536874104 bytes Database Buffers 285212672 bytes Redo Buffers 6586368 bytes Database mounted. SYS@ORA11GR2>archive log list; Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch Oldest online log sequence 2 Current log sequence 4 SYS@ORA11GR2>alter database archivelog; Database altered. SYS@ORA11GR2>archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch Oldest online log sequence 3 Next log sequence to archive 5 Current log sequence 5
二,验证监听：local_listener 默认值为空--1521
SYS@ORA11GR2>show parameter local_listener; NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ local_listener string
三，关闪回（可能会触发数据库bug，备库不能开闪回）
SYS@ORA11GR2>select flashback_on from v$database; FLASHBACK_ON ------------------ NO
四，修改参数：
在vi initORA1GR2.ora中加入：
DB_NAME=ORA11GR2 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORA11GR2 LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(ORA11GR2,PROD)‘ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= ‘LOCATION=/u01/arch1/ORA11GR2/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORA11GR2‘ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= ‘SERVICE=PROD ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=PROD‘ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30 FAL_SERVER=PROD DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘PROD‘,‘ORA11GR2‘ LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT= ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch/PROD/‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch/ORA11GR2/‘ STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
五，开启force logging
SYS@ORA11GR2>select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database; FOR --- NO SYS@ORA11GR2>alter database force logging; Database altered.
六，查看日志文件及大小，并增加standby logfile：
SYS@ORA11GR2>select group#,bytes /1024/1024 M from v$log; GROUP# M ---------- ---------- 1 50 2 50 3 50 SYS@ORA11GR2>select GROUP#,MEMBER from v$logfile; GROUP# MEMBER ---------- -------------------------------------------------- 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo03.log 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo02.log 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo01.log 增加日志文件： SYS@ORA11GR2>alter database add standby logfile group 4 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo401_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo402_std.log‘) size 50M; Database altered. SYS@ORA11GR2>c/4/5 1* alter database add standby logfile group 5 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo401_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo402_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>c/4/5 1* alter database add standby logfile group 5 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo501_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo402_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>c/4/5 1* alter database add standby logfile group 5 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo501_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo502_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>/ Database altered. SYS@ORA11GR2>c/5/6 1* alter database add standby logfile group 6 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo501_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo502_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>c/5/6 1* alter database add standby logfile group 6 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo601_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo502_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>c/5/6 1* alter database add standby logfile group 6 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo601_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo602_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>/ Database altered. SYS@ORA11GR2>c/6/7 1* alter database add standby logfile group 7 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo601_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo602_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>c/6/7 1* alter database add standby logfile group 7 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo701_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo602_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>c/6/7 1* alter database add standby logfile group 7 (‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo701_std.log‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo702_std.log‘) size 50M SYS@ORA11GR2>/ Database altered. SYS@ORA11GR2>select GROUP#,MEMBER from v$logfile; GROUP# MEMBER ---------- -------------------------------------------------- 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo03.log 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo02.log 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo01.log 4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo401_std.log 4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo402_std.log 5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo501_std.log 5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo502_std.log 6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo601_std.log 6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo602_std.log 7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo701_std.log 7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORA11GR2/redo702_std.log 11 rows selected.
七，将主库参数文件和口令文件传给备库：
[oracle@host03 dbs]$ scp initPROD.ora orapwPROD 192.168.206.4:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs oracle@192.168.206.4‘s password: initPROD.ora 100% 1559 1.5KB/s 00:00 orapwPROD 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00
八，修改备库的参数文件：
[oracle@host04 dbs]$ ls hc_ORA11GR2.dat init.ora initPROD.ora lkORA11GR2 orapwORA11GR2 orapwPROD spfileORA11GR2.ora [oracle@host04 dbs]$ vi initPROD.ora 【加入】 DB_NAME=ORA11GR2 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=PROD LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(PROD,ORA11GR2)‘ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= ‘LOCATION=/u01/arch1/PROD/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=PROD‘ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= ‘SERVICE=ORA11GR2 ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORA11GR2‘ LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30 FAL_SERVER=ORA11GR2 DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=‘ORA11GR2‘,‘PROD‘ LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT= ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch/ORA11GR2/‘,‘/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch/PROD/‘ STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
九，创建参数中涉及到的目录：
[oracle@host04 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch/ORA11GR2/ [oracle@host04 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch/PROD/ [oracle@host04 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/arch1/PROD/ [oracle@host04 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/ [oracle@host04 dbs]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/adump 此时将备库起到nomount: SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 830930944 bytes Fixed Size 2257800 bytes Variable Size 536874104 bytes Database Buffers 285212672 bytes Redo Buffers 6586368 bytes
十，配置网络监听：
①主库： [oracle@host03 admin]$ vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host03)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=ORA11GR2) (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME=ORA11GR2) ) ) ②主库客户端监听： [oracle@host03 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora PROD= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.206.4)(PORT = 1521) (CONNECT_DATA= (SERVER=DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME=PROD) ) ) ) ③备库监听： [oracle@host04 admin]$ vi listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host04)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (GLOBAL_DBNAME=PROD) (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME=PROD) ) ) ④备库客户端监听： [oracle@host04 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora ORA11GR2= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.206.3)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA= (SERVER=DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME=ORA11GR2) ) ) 查看主库监听状态： LSNRCTL> status Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=host03)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 20-OCT-2016 00:52:32 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 3 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/host03/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=host03)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "ORA11GR2" has 2 instance(s). Instance "ORA11GR2", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Instance "ORA11GR2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "ORA11GR2XDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ORA11GR2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully 查看备库监听状态： LSNRCTL> status Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=host04)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Start Date 20-OCT-2016 00:53:12 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 29 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/host04/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=host04)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "PROD" has 1 instance(s). Instance "PROD", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully 主库验证客户端监听： [oracle@host03 admin]$ tnsping PROD TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-OCT-2016 01:04:16 Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.206.4)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA= (SERVER=DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME=PROD))) OK (10 msec) [oracle@host03 admin]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@PROD as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Oct 20 01:04:33 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SYS@PROD> 备库验证客户端监听： [oracle@host04 admin]$ tnsping ORA11GR2 TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 20-OCT-2016 00:57:38 Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.206.3)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA= (SERVER=DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME=ORA11GR2))) OK (50 msec) [oracle@host04 admin]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@ORA11GR2 as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Oct 20 01:01:18 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
十一，复制主库生成备库：
[oracle@host03 dbs]$ rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@PROD Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Oct 20 01:07:15 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORA11GR2 (DBID=242173609) connected to auxiliary database: ORA11GR2 (not mounted) RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database;
【测试】手工搭建DG
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