首页 > 代码库 > 【.NET】编程备忘：.Net中的各种序列化
【.NET】编程备忘：.Net中的各种序列化
我们知道将对象的状态保持在存储媒体中，以便可以在以后重新创建精确的副本这正是数据持久化索要做的。而且，不同应用程序之间的通讯需要相互传输数据。那么序列化和反序列化正是为此而生。
序列化和反序列化
所谓序列化就是把对象转换为字节序列的过程称为对象的序列化。
所谓反序列化就是字节序列恢复为对象的过程称为对象的反序列化
那么.net开发中都为我们提供了哪些序列化和反序列化的方式呢?我简单总结了一下，有以下几种：
1.位于System.Xml.Serialization命名空间下的XmlSerializer
2.位于System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap命名空间下的SoapFormatter
3.位于System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;命名空间下的BinaryFormatter
4.位于System.Web.Script.Serialization命名空间下的JavaScriptSerializer
5.位于System.Runtime.Serialization.Json命名空间下的DataContractJsonSerializer、DataContractSerializer
4.位于System.Xml.Serialization命名空间下的NetDataContractSerializer
5.来自第三方的Newtonsoft.Json
那么我简单地写了个序列化帮助类。完整代码如下(它们都有各自的使用场合,用法也不止如此)：
namespace Serialization{ using System.IO; using System.Runtime.Serialization; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap; using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; using System.Text; using System.Web.Script.Serialization; using System.Xml.Serialization; using Newtonsoft.Json; public class SerializeHelper { #region XmlSerializer public static void XmlSerialize(string fileName, object obj) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write)) { try { XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType()); serializer.Serialize(fs, obj); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } public static T XmlDeSerialize<T>(string fileName) where T : class,new() { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { try { XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)); return serializer.Deserialize(fs) as T; } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } #endregion #region SoapFormatter //不支持泛型 所序列化的类型必须标志为Serializable public static void SoapSerialize(string fileName, object obj) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write)) { try { SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter(); formatter.Serialize(fs, obj); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } public static T SoapDeSerialize<T>(string fileName) where T : class, new() { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { try { SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter(); return formatter.Deserialize(fs) as T; } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } #endregion #region BinaryFormatter //所序列化的类型必须标志为Serializable public static void BinarySerialize(string fileName, object obj) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write)) { try { BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); formatter.Serialize(fs, obj); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } public static T BinaryDeSerialize<T>(string fileName) where T : class, new() { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { try { BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter(); return formatter.Deserialize(fs) as T; } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } #endregion #region JavaScriptSerializer public static string JavaScriptSerialize(object obj) { JavaScriptSerializer serizlizer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); return serizlizer.Serialize(obj); } public static T JavaScriptDeSerialize<T>(string json) where T : class, new() { JavaScriptSerializer serizlizer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); return serizlizer.Deserialize<T>(json); } #endregion #region DataContractJsonSerializer /// <summary> /// (DataContractJsonSerialize)序列化 /// </summary> /// <param name="item">对象</param> public static string DataContractJsonSerialize(object obj) { DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType()); using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { serializer.WriteObject(ms, obj); return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()); } } /// <summary> /// (DataContractJsonSerialize)反序列化 /// </summary> /// <param name="str">字符串序列</param> public static T DataContractJsonDeSerialize<T>(string str) where T : class,new() { DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)); using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str))) { return serializer.ReadObject(ms) as T; } } #endregion #region NetDataContractSerializer public static void NetDataContractSerialize(string fileName, object obj) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write)) { try { NetDataContractSerializer serializer = new NetDataContractSerializer(); serializer.Serialize(fs, obj); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } public static T NetDataContractDeSerialize<T>(string fileName) where T : class,new() { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { try { NetDataContractSerializer serializer = new NetDataContractSerializer(); return serializer.Deserialize(fs) as T; } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } #endregion #region DataContractSerializer public static void DataContractSerialize(string fileName, object obj) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write)) { try { DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(obj.GetType()); serializer.WriteObject(fs, obj); } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } public static T DataContractDeSerialize<T>(string fileName) where T : class,new() { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read)) { try { DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(T)); return serializer.ReadObject(fs) as T; } catch (Exception e) { throw e; } } } #endregion #region Newtonsoft public static string JsonConvertSerialize(object item) { return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item); } public static T JsonDeSerialize<T>(string json) where T : class,new() { return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(json); } #endregion }}
关于各种序列化的各自"用武之地"以及总体性能比较，有空再细细深究。
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