首页 > 代码库 > 照着例子学习protobuf-python
照着例子学习protobuf-python
以下是照着python操作protobuf进行的protobuf-python的学习笔记：
首先是protobuf的下载与安装：
1 由于google被墙，所以去github上面搜索了一下protobuf，于是找到了protobuf的git页：protobuf on github。
2 可以自己将protobuf下载下来进行编译，也可以直接用人家编译好的发行版，这个要看个人，我选择的是用编译好的发行版，下载地址在这里：protobuf realse version。
记得要同时下载两个东西，例如我下载的是：protobuf-2.6.1.zip 和 protobuf-2.6.1-win32.zip。
前者包含了protobuf与各语言（java，python）之间的protobuf运行时库，这个在转换的时候需要用到，相当与protobuf与各语言之间的协定格式。
后者包含了一个文件 protoc.exe，编译工具来的。
3 由于我们是要学习protobuf-python来着，所以解压玩protobuf-2.6.1.zip之后，我们可以在文件夹下面找到一个python文件夹，在其中会看到一个setup.py。
我们依次运行：python setup.py build 和 python setup.py install
有没有成功在控制台可以看得到。
这样环境就安装好了（python 建议选择2.7版本）。
接着就是编写和转换proto文件：
1 新建一个addressbook.proto文件，这个文件完全是按照原帖编写的，如下：
package tutorial;message Person{ required string name = 1; required int32 id = 2; optional string email = 3; enum PhoneType{ MOBILE = 0; HOME = 1; WORK = 2; } message PhoneNumber{ required string number = 1; optional PhoneType type = 2[default = HOME]; } repeated PhoneNumber phone = 4;}message AddressBook{ repeated Person person = 1;}2 利用protoc.exe编译proto文件，如下：
其中 -I是源文件目录 --python_out是文件输出目录 最后的参数addressbook.proto是你需要编译的协议文件，
编译好之后你就会在目标目录里面看到输出的结果文件，如下：
1 # Generated by the protocol buffer compiler. DO NOT EDIT! 2 # source: addressbook.proto 3 4 import sys 5 _b=sys.version_info[0]<3 and (lambda x:x) or (lambda x:x.encode(‘latin1‘)) 6 from google.protobuf import descriptor as _descriptor 7 from google.protobuf import message as _message 8 from google.protobuf import reflection as _reflection 9 from google.protobuf import symbol_database as _symbol_database 10 from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 11 # @@protoc_insertion_point(imports) 12 13 _sym_db = _symbol_database.Default() 14 15 16 17 18 DESCRIPTOR = _descriptor.FileDescriptor( 19 name=‘addressbook.proto‘, 20 package=‘tutorial‘, 21 serialized_pb=_b(‘\n\x11\x61\x64\x64ressbook.proto\x12\x08tutorial\"\xda\x01\n\x06Person\x12\x0c\n\x04name\x18\x01 \x02(\t\x12\n\n\x02id\x18\x02 \x02(\x05\x12\r\n\x05\x65mail\x18\x03 \x01(\t\x12+\n\x05phone\x18\x04 \x03(\x0b\x32\x1c.tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber\x1aM\n\x0bPhoneNumber\x12\x0e\n\x06number\x18\x01 \x02(\t\x12.\n\x04type\x18\x02 \x01(\x0e\x32\x1a.tutorial.Person.PhoneType:\x04HOME\"+\n\tPhoneType\x12\n\n\x06MOBILE\x10\x00\x12\x08\n\x04HOME\x10\x01\x12\x08\n\x04WORK\x10\x02\"/\n\x0b\x41\x64\x64ressBook\x12 \n\x06person\x18\x01 \x03(\x0b\x32\x10.tutorial.Person‘) 22 ) 23 _sym_db.RegisterFileDescriptor(DESCRIPTOR) 24 25 26 27 _PERSON_PHONETYPE = _descriptor.EnumDescriptor( 28 name=‘PhoneType‘, 29 full_name=‘tutorial.Person.PhoneType‘, 30 filename=None, 31 file=DESCRIPTOR, 32 values=[ 33 _descriptor.EnumValueDescriptor( 34 name=‘MOBILE‘, index=0, number=0, 35 options=None, 36 type=None), 37 _descriptor.EnumValueDescriptor( 38 name=‘HOME‘, index=1, number=1, 39 options=None, 40 type=None), 41 _descriptor.EnumValueDescriptor( 42 name=‘WORK‘, index=2, number=2, 43 options=None, 44 type=None), 45 ], 46 containing_type=None, 47 options=None, 48 serialized_start=207, 49 serialized_end=250, 50 ) 51 _sym_db.RegisterEnumDescriptor(_PERSON_PHONETYPE) 52 53 54 _PERSON_PHONENUMBER = _descriptor.Descriptor( 55 name=‘PhoneNumber‘, 56 full_name=‘tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber‘, 57 filename=None, 58 file=DESCRIPTOR, 59 containing_type=None, 60 fields=[ 61 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor( 62 name=‘number‘, full_name=‘tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber.number‘, index=0, 63 number=1, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=2, 64 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/False, default_value=_b("").decode(‘utf-8‘), 65 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None, 66 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None, 67 options=None), 68 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor( 69 name=‘type‘, full_name=‘tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber.type‘, index=1, 70 number=2, type=14, cpp_type=8, label=1, 71 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/True, default_value=1, 72 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None, 73 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None, 74 options=None), 75 ], 76 extensions=[ 77 ], 78 nested_types=[], 79 enum_types=[ 80 ], 81 options=None, 82 is_extendable=False, 83 extension_ranges=[], 84 oneofs=[ 85 ], 86 serialized_start=128, 87 serialized_end=205, 88 ) 89 90 _PERSON = _descriptor.Descriptor( 91 name=‘Person‘, 92 full_name=‘tutorial.Person‘, 93 filename=None, 94 file=DESCRIPTOR, 95 containing_type=None, 96 fields=[ 97 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor( 98 name=‘name‘, full_name=‘tutorial.Person.name‘, index=0, 99 number=1, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=2,100 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/False, default_value=_b("").decode(‘utf-8‘),101 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,102 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,103 options=None),104 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(105 name=‘id‘, full_name=‘tutorial.Person.id‘, index=1,106 number=2, type=5, cpp_type=1, label=2,107 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/False, default_value=0,108 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,109 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,110 options=None),111 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(112 name=‘email‘, full_name=‘tutorial.Person.email‘, index=2,113 number=3, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=1,114 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/False, default_value=_b("").decode(‘utf-8‘),115 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,116 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,117 options=None),118 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(119 name=‘phone‘, full_name=‘tutorial.Person.phone‘, index=3,120 number=4, type=11, cpp_type=10, label=3,121 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/False, default_value=[],122 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,123 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,124 options=None),125 ],126 extensions=[127 ],128 nested_types=[_PERSON_PHONENUMBER, ],129 enum_types=[130 _PERSON_PHONETYPE,131 ],132 options=None,133 is_extendable=False,134 extension_ranges=[],135 oneofs=[136 ],137 serialized_start=32,138 serialized_end=250,139 )140 141 142 _ADDRESSBOOK = _descriptor.Descriptor(143 name=‘AddressBook‘,144 full_name=‘tutorial.AddressBook‘,145 filename=None,146 file=DESCRIPTOR,147 containing_type=None,148 fields=[149 _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(150 name=‘person‘, full_name=‘tutorial.AddressBook.person‘, index=0,151 number=1, type=11, cpp_type=10, label=3,152 has_default_value=http://www.mamicode.com/False, default_value=[],153 message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,154 is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,155 options=None),156 ],157 extensions=[158 ],159 nested_types=[],160 enum_types=[161 ],162 options=None,163 is_extendable=False,164 extension_ranges=[],165 oneofs=[166 ],167 serialized_start=252,168 serialized_end=299,169 )170 171 _PERSON_PHONENUMBER.fields_by_name[‘type‘].enum_type = _PERSON_PHONETYPE172 _PERSON_PHONENUMBER.containing_type = _PERSON173 _PERSON.fields_by_name[‘phone‘].message_type = _PERSON_PHONENUMBER174 _PERSON_PHONETYPE.containing_type = _PERSON175 _ADDRESSBOOK.fields_by_name[‘person‘].message_type = _PERSON176 DESCRIPTOR.message_types_by_name[‘Person‘] = _PERSON177 DESCRIPTOR.message_types_by_name[‘AddressBook‘] = _ADDRESSBOOK178 179 Person = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType(‘Person‘, (_message.Message,), dict(180 181 PhoneNumber = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType(‘PhoneNumber‘, (_message.Message,), dict(182 DESCRIPTOR = _PERSON_PHONENUMBER,183 __module__ = ‘addressbook_pb2‘184 # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber)185 ))186 ,187 DESCRIPTOR = _PERSON,188 __module__ = ‘addressbook_pb2‘189 # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:tutorial.Person)190 ))191 _sym_db.RegisterMessage(Person)192 _sym_db.RegisterMessage(Person.PhoneNumber)193 194 AddressBook = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType(‘AddressBook‘, (_message.Message,), dict(195 DESCRIPTOR = _ADDRESSBOOK,196 __module__ = ‘addressbook_pb2‘197 # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:tutorial.AddressBook)198 ))199 _sym_db.RegisterMessage(AddressBook)200 201 202 # @@protoc_insertion_point(module_scope)
然后我们就可以使用生成的python文件了，
1 首先新建一个程序文档，代码还是来自原帖的：
1 import addressbook_pb2 2 import sys 3 4 def PromptForAddress(person): 5 person.id = int(raw_input("Please input the id of this person...")) 6 person.name = raw_input("Please input a name for the person...") 7 email = raw_input("Please enter the email address of the person....") 8 9 if email != "":10 person.email = email11 pass12 13 while True:14 number = raw_input("Enter a phone number :")15 if number == "":16 break17 pass18 19 phone_number = person.phone.add()20 phone_number.number = number21 22 23 type = raw_input("Is this a mobile, home, or work phone?")24 if type == "mobile":25 phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.MOBILE26 elif type == "home":27 phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.HOME28 elif type == "work":29 phone_number.type = addressbook_pb2.Person.WORK30 else:31 print("Unknown phont type; leaving as default value.")32 pass33 pass34 pass35 36 37 if len(sys.argv) != 2:38 print("Usage:", sys.argv[0], "ADDRESS_BOOK_FILE")39 sys.exit(-1)40 pass41 print("What am i doing....")42 address_book = addressbook_pb2.AddressBook()43 44 try:45 f = open(sys.argv[1], "rb")46 address_book.ParseFromString(f.read())47 f.close()48 except IOError, e:49 print(sys.argv[1] + " : File not found. Creating a new file")50 pass51 52 PromptForAddress(address_book.person.add())53 54 f = open(sys.argv[1], "wb")55 f.write(address_book.SerializeToString())56 f.close()
2 然后运行这个文件，并按照提示进行操作：
然后你就可以在你的文件夹下面发现了保存的beach文件。
照着例子学习protobuf-python
声明：以上内容来自用户投稿及互联网公开渠道收集整理发布，本网站不拥有所有权，未作人工编辑处理，也不承担相关法律责任，若内容有误或涉及侵权可进行投诉： 投诉/举报 工作人员会在5个工作日内联系你，一经查实，本站将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。