基于数组实现的单链表（兼具Boost单元测试）

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基于数组实现的单链表（兼具Boost单元测试）

2024-07-29 14:32:06 217人阅读

　对于单链表，我们大多时候会用指针来实现（可参考基于指针实现的单链表）。现在我们就来看看怎么用数组来实现单链表。

　 1. 定义单链表中结点的数据结构

1 typedef int ElementType;
2 class NodeType
3 {
4 public:
5     ElementType data;
6     int next;
7 };

　　该结点包括了两个元素，其一是数据，另一个是指向下一个结点的“指针”（在这篇文章中实际上是指用于实现单链表的数组的下标。）

　 2. 定义一个的数组

1 const int CAPACITY = 1024;
2 NodeType node[CAPACITY];

　　在内存中该数组的结构如下图：

　 3. 定义指向单链表第1个结点的“指针”

1 int head;

　 4. 一个简单的单链表例子

　　我们假设单链表只有3个结点，并且3个结点从左到右分别位于数组node中第0、1、2位置，如下图：

　　head指向链表中的第1个结点。该结点存储于数组node的第0位置，data为111，next指向下一结点。其他以此类推。

　　需要注意的是链表的中最后一个结点（即上图中的第3个结点）的next被置为-1，表示不指向任何结点。

　　更为重要的是，这三个结点是可以位于数组node中的任一位置的，只要他们之间保持这种链接的关系。

　 5. 实际程序实现

　　在实际程序实现中，为了便于判断数组中哪一个元素已经被使用，我在原单链表的结点数据结构中又添加了一个判断位，如下：

 1 typedef int ElementType;
 2 class NodeType
 3 {
 4 public:
 5     NodeType() { data = http://www.mamicode.com/0;  next = NULL_VALUE; isFree = true; };
 6     ~NodeType() {};
 7     ElementType data;
 8     int next;
 9     bool isFree;    // 标志位，为true表示该结点可用，反之不可用
10 };

　　其余的程序摘录如下：

linkedlist.h

linkedlist.cpp

　　Boost单元测试代码测试如下：

BoostUnitTest.cpp

　　个人“数据结构与算法”系列博文：

　　线性表：

　　　　顺序表：

　　　　　　基于静态分配的数组的顺序表（兼具Boost单元测试）

　　　　　　基于动态分配的数组的顺序表（兼具Boost单元测试）

　　　　链表：

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基于数组实现的单链表（兼具Boost单元测试）

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