这个叫水银的源码管理工具虽然默默无闻，但还是得到了很多团队的使用。为了迎合某些团队的需要，我们也要用它来管理我们的代码。

今天的任务是先突击学习，磨刀不误砍柴工。对工具的掌握越快，工作的效率就会越高。

1.安装

首先从官网下载最新的版本，我这次做个实验，下载了3.2-rc。

解压到你指定的目录下：

[linc@localhost mercurial]$ ls
mercurial-3.2-rc.tar.gz
[linc@localhost mercurial]$ tar xzvf mercurial-3.2-rc.tar.gz 

mercurial/base85.c:13:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

sudo apt-get install python-dev

[linc@localhost etc]$ sudo yum install python-devel

[linc@localhost mercurial-3.2-rc]$ make install-home
python setup.py  build 
running build
running build_mo
running build_ext
building ‘mercurial.base85‘ extension
...

make[1]: *** [hg.1] Error 255
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/linc/dev/mercurial/mercurial-3.2-rc/doc‘
make: *** [doc] Error 2

[linc@localhost mercurial-3.2-rc]$ hg
Mercurial Distributed SCM

basic commands:

 add           add the specified files on the next commit
 annotate      show changeset information by line for each file
 clone         make a copy of an existing repository
 commit        commit the specified files or all outstanding changes
 diff          diff repository (or selected files)
 export        dump the header and diffs for one or more changesets
 forget        forget the specified files on the next commit
 init          create a new repository in the given directory
 log           show revision history of entire repository or files
 merge         merge working directory with another revision
 pull          pull changes from the specified source
 push          push changes to the specified destination
 remove        remove the specified files on the next commit
 serve         start stand-alone webserver
 status        show changed files in the working directory
 summary       summarize working directory state
 update        update working directory (or switch revisions)

(use "hg help" for the full list of commands or "hg -v" for details)

下面就要试着创建一个项目并提交代码。

创建init目录：

[linc@localhost testHG]$ hg init testMercurial
[linc@localhost testHG]$ ls
testMercurial
[linc@localhost testHG]$ cd testMercurial/

[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ cp -r ../../hello/* .
[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ ls
Debug  Release  src

[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg status
? Debug/makefile
? Debug/objects.mk
? Debug/sources.mk
? Debug/src/subdir.mk
? Release/makefile
? Release/objects.mk
? Release/sources.mk
? Release/src/subdir.mk
? src/hello.c

[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg add
adding Debug/makefile
adding Debug/objects.mk
adding Debug/sources.mk
adding Debug/src/subdir.mk
adding Release/makefile
adding Release/objects.mk
adding Release/sources.mk
adding Release/src/subdir.mk
adding src/hello.c
[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg status
A Debug/makefile
A Debug/objects.mk
A Debug/sources.mk
A Debug/src/subdir.mk
A Release/makefile
A Release/objects.mk
A Release/sources.mk
A Release/src/subdir.mk
A src/hello.c

[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg commit -m ‘initial commit‘
abort: no username supplied
(use "hg config --edit" to set your username)
[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg config --edit

[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg commit -m ‘initial commit‘
[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg status
[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg log
changeset:   0:23ac3f5bfc59
tag:         tip
user:        Lincoln <linc@xxx.com>
date:        Mon Oct 27 21:05:10 2014 +0800
summary:     initial commit

hg push /the remote repository

[linc@localhost testMercurial]$ hg export 0:23ac3f5bfc59
# HG changeset patch
# User Lincoln <linc@xxx.com>
# Date 1414415110 -28800
#      Mon Oct 27 21:05:10 2014 +0800
# Node ID 23ac3f5bfc592c7bd2b293e8ace0f42b9e541ece
# Parent  0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
initial commit

diff -r 000000000000 -r 23ac3f5bfc59 Debug/makefile
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/Debug/makefile	Mon Oct 27 21:05:10 2014 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@

突击Mercurial SCM（HG）