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OpenStack之虚机热迁移代码解析
OpenStack之虚机热迁移代码解析
话说虚机迁移分为冷迁移以及热迁移,所谓热迁移用度娘的话说即是:热迁移(Live Migration,又叫动态迁移、实时迁移),即虚机保存/恢复(Save/Restore):将整个虚拟机的运行状态完整保存下来,同时可以快速的恢复到原有硬件平台甚至是不同硬件平台上。恢复以后,虚机仍旧平滑运行,用户不会察觉到任何差异。OpenStack的虚机迁移是基于Libvirt实现的,下面来看看Openstack虚机热迁移的具体代码实现。
首先,由API入口进入到nova/api/openstack/compute/contrib/admin_actions.py
1 @wsgi.action(‘os-migrateLive‘) 2 def _migrate_live(self, req, id, body): 3 """Permit admins to (live) migrate a server to a new host.""" 4 context = req.environ["nova.context"] 5 authorize(context, ‘migrateLive‘) 6 7 try: 8 block_migration = body["os-migrateLive"]["block_migration"] 9 disk_over_commit = body["os-migrateLive"]["disk_over_commit"]10 host = body["os-migrateLive"]["host"]11 except (TypeError, KeyError):12 msg = _("host, block_migration and disk_over_commit must "13 "be specified for live migration.")14 raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg)15 16 try:17 block_migration = strutils.bool_from_string(block_migration,18 strict=True)19 disk_over_commit = strutils.bool_from_string(disk_over_commit,20 strict=True)21 except ValueError as err:22 raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=str(err))23 24 try:25 instance = self.compute_api.get(context, id, want_objects=True)26 self.compute_api.live_migrate(context, instance, block_migration,27 disk_over_commit, host)28 except (exception.ComputeServiceUnavailable,29 exception.InvalidHypervisorType,30 exception.UnableToMigrateToSelf,31 exception.DestinationHypervisorTooOld,32 exception.NoValidHost,33 exception.InvalidLocalStorage,34 exception.InvalidSharedStorage,35 exception.MigrationPreCheckError) as ex:36 raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=ex.format_message())37 except exception.InstanceNotFound as e:38 raise exc.HTTPNotFound(explanation=e.format_message())39 except exception.InstanceInvalidState as state_error:40 common.raise_http_conflict_for_instance_invalid_state(state_error,41 ‘os-migrateLive‘)42 except Exception:43 if host is None:44 msg = _("Live migration of instance %s to another host "45 "failed") % id46 else:47 msg = _("Live migration of instance %(id)s to host %(host)s "48 "failed") % {‘id‘: id, ‘host‘: host}49 LOG.exception(msg)50 # Return messages from scheduler51 raise exc.HTTPBadRequest(explanation=msg)52 53 return webob.Response(status_int=202)
这里第一行可以看到是与API文档的第二行照应的:
1 {2 "os-migrateLive": {3 "host": "0443e9a1254044d8b99f35eace132080",4 "block_migration": false,5 "disk_over_commit": false6 }7 }
好了,源码中其实执行迁移工作的就是第26、27行的一条语句:
1 self.compute_api.live_migrate(context, instance, block_migration,2 disk_over_commit, host)
由这句进入到nova/compute/api.py中,源码如下:
1 @check_instance_cell 2 @check_instance_state(vm_state=[vm_states.ACTIVE]) 3 def live_migrate(self, context, instance, block_migration, 4 disk_over_commit, host_name): 5 """Migrate a server lively to a new host.""" 6 LOG.debug(_("Going to try to live migrate instance to %s"), 7 host_name or "another host", instance=instance) 8 9 instance.task_state = task_states.MIGRATING10 instance.save(expected_task_state=[None])11 12 self.compute_task_api.live_migrate_instance(context, instance,13 host_name, block_migration=block_migration,14 disk_over_commit=disk_over_commit)
第2行是一个装饰器,用于在进入API方法之前,检测虚拟机和/或任务的状态, 如果实例处于错误的状态,将会引发异常;接下来实时迁移虚机到新的主机,并将虚机状态置于“migrating”,然后由12行进入nova/conductor/api.py
1 def live_migrate_instance(self, context, instance, host_name,2 block_migration, disk_over_commit):3 scheduler_hint = {‘host‘: host_name}4 self._manager.migrate_server(5 context, instance, scheduler_hint, True, False, None,6 block_migration, disk_over_commit, None)
将主机名存入字典scheduler_hint中,然后调用nova/conductor/manager.py方法migrate_server,
1 def migrate_server(self, context, instance, scheduler_hint, live, rebuild, 2 flavor, block_migration, disk_over_commit, reservations=None): 3 if instance and not isinstance(instance, instance_obj.Instance): 4 # NOTE(danms): Until v2 of the RPC API, we need to tolerate 5 # old-world instance objects here 6 attrs = [‘metadata‘, ‘system_metadata‘, ‘info_cache‘, 7 ‘security_groups‘] 8 instance = instance_obj.Instance._from_db_object( 9 context, instance_obj.Instance(), instance,10 expected_attrs=attrs)11 if live and not rebuild and not flavor:12 self._live_migrate(context, instance, scheduler_hint,13 block_migration, disk_over_commit)14 elif not live and not rebuild and flavor:15 instance_uuid = instance[‘uuid‘]16 with compute_utils.EventReporter(context, self.db,17 ‘cold_migrate‘, instance_uuid):18 self._cold_migrate(context, instance, flavor,19 scheduler_hint[‘filter_properties‘],20 reservations)21 else:22 raise NotImplementedError()
由于在nova/conductor/api.py中传过来的参数是
1 self._manager.migrate_server(2 context, instance, scheduler_hint, True, False, None,3 block_migration, disk_over_commit, None)
因此live是True,rebuild是Flase,flavor是None,执行第12、13行代码:
1 if live and not rebuild and not flavor:2 self._live_migrate(context, instance, scheduler_hint,3 block_migration, disk_over_commit)
_live_migrate代码如下:
1 def _live_migrate(self, context, instance, scheduler_hint, 2 block_migration, disk_over_commit): 3 destination = scheduler_hint.get("host") 4 try: 5 live_migrate.execute(context, instance, destination, 6 block_migration, disk_over_commit) 7 except (exception.NoValidHost, 8 exception.ComputeServiceUnavailable, 9 exception.InvalidHypervisorType,10 exception.InvalidCPUInfo,11 exception.UnableToMigrateToSelf,12 exception.DestinationHypervisorTooOld,13 exception.InvalidLocalStorage,14 exception.InvalidSharedStorage,15 exception.HypervisorUnavailable,16 exception.MigrationPreCheckError) as ex:17 with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():18 #TODO(johngarbutt) - eventually need instance actions here19 request_spec = {‘instance_properties‘: {20 ‘uuid‘: instance[‘uuid‘], },21 }22 scheduler_utils.set_vm_state_and_notify(context,23 ‘compute_task‘, ‘migrate_server‘,24 dict(vm_state=instance[‘vm_state‘],25 task_state=None,26 expected_task_state=task_states.MIGRATING,),27 ex, request_spec, self.db)28 except Exception as ex:29 LOG.error(_(‘Migration of instance %(instance_id)s to host‘30 ‘ %(dest)s unexpectedly failed.‘),31 {‘instance_id‘: instance[‘uuid‘], ‘dest‘: destination},32 exc_info=True)33 raise exception.MigrationError(reason=ex)
首先,第三行中将主机名赋给destination,然后执行迁移,后面的都是异常的捕捉,执行迁移的代码分为两部分,先看第一部分,在nova/conductor/tasks/live_migrate.py的184行左右:
1 def execute(context, instance, destination,2 block_migration, disk_over_commit):3 task = LiveMigrationTask(context, instance,4 destination,5 block_migration,6 disk_over_commit)7 #TODO(johngarbutt) create a superclass that contains a safe_execute call8 return task.execute()
先创建包含安全执行回调的超类,然后返回如下函数也即执行迁移的第二部分代码,在54行左右:
1 def execute(self): 2 self._check_instance_is_running() 3 self._check_host_is_up(self.source) 4 5 if not self.destination: 6 self.destination = self._find_destination() 7 else: 8 self._check_requested_destination() 9 10 #TODO(johngarbutt) need to move complexity out of compute manager11 return self.compute_rpcapi.live_migration(self.context,12 host=self.source,13 instance=self.instance,14 dest=self.destination,15 block_migration=self.block_migration,16 migrate_data=http://www.mamicode.com/self.migrate_data)17 #TODO(johngarbutt) disk_over_commit?
这里有三部分内容:
- 如果目前主机不存在,则由调度算法选取一个目标主机,并且进行相关的检测,确保能够进行实时迁移操作;
- 如果目标主机存在,则直接进行相关的检测操作,确保能够进行实时迁移操作;
- 执行迁移操作。
前两部分不再赘述,直接看第三部分代码,在nova/compute/rpcapi.py中:
1 def live_migration(self, ctxt, instance, dest, block_migration, host,2 migrate_data=http://www.mamicode.com/None):3 # NOTE(russellb) Havana compat4 version = self._get_compat_version(‘3.0‘, ‘2.0‘)5 instance_p = jsonutils.to_primitive(instance)6 cctxt = self.client.prepare(server=host, version=version)7 cctxt.cast(ctxt, ‘live_migration‘, instance=instance_p,8 dest=dest, block_migration=block_migration,9 migrate_data=http://www.mamicode.com/migrate_data)
热迁移开始执行:
1 def live_migration(self, context, instance, dest, 2 post_method, recover_method, block_migration=False, 3 migrate_data=http://www.mamicode.com/None): 4 """Spawning live_migration operation for distributing high-load. 5 6 :param context: security context 7 :param instance: 8 nova.db.sqlalchemy.models.Instance object 9 instance object that is migrated.10 :param dest: destination host11 :param post_method:12 post operation method.13 expected nova.compute.manager.post_live_migration.14 :param recover_method:15 recovery method when any exception occurs.16 expected nova.compute.manager.recover_live_migration.17 :param block_migration: if true, do block migration.18 :param migrate_data: implementation specific params19 20 """21 22 greenthread.spawn(self._live_migration, context, instance, dest,23 post_method, recover_method, block_migration,24 migrate_data)
这个方法中建立一个绿色线程来运行方法_live_migration,来执行实时迁移; 主要是调用libvirt python接口方法virDomainMigrateToURI,来实现从当前主机迁移domain对象到给定的目标主机;
spawn:建立一个绿色线程来运行方法“func(*args, **kwargs)”,这里就是来运行方法_live_migration;
_live_migration:执行实时迁移; 主要是调用libvirt python接口方法virDomainMigrateToURI,来实现从当前主机迁移domain对象到给定的目标主机;
接着在绿色线程中调用_live_migration方法:
1 def _live_migration(self, context, instance, dest, post_method, 2 recover_method, block_migration=False, 3 migrate_data=http://www.mamicode.com/None): 4 """Do live migration. 5 6 :param context: security context 7 :param instance: 8 nova.db.sqlalchemy.models.Instance object 9 instance object that is migrated.10 :param dest: destination host11 :param post_method:12 post operation method.13 expected nova.compute.manager.post_live_migration.14 :param recover_method:15 recovery method when any exception occurs.16 expected nova.compute.manager.recover_live_migration.17 :param block_migration: if true, do block migration.18 :param migrate_data: implementation specific params19 """20 21 # Do live migration.22 try:23 if block_migration:24 flaglist = CONF.libvirt.block_migration_flag.split(‘,‘)25 else:26 flaglist = CONF.libvirt.live_migration_flag.split(‘,‘)27 flagvals = [getattr(libvirt, x.strip()) for x in flaglist]28 logical_sum = reduce(lambda x, y: x | y, flagvals)29 30 dom = self._lookup_by_name(instance["name"])31 dom.migrateToURI(CONF.libvirt.live_migration_uri % dest,32 logical_sum,33 None,34 CONF.libvirt.live_migration_bandwidth)35 36 except Exception as e:37 with excutils.save_and_reraise_exception():38 LOG.error(_("Live Migration failure: %s"), e,39 instance=instance)40 recover_method(context, instance, dest, block_migration)41 42 # Waiting for completion of live_migration.43 timer = loopingcall.FixedIntervalLoopingCall(f=None)
1 if block_migration:2 flaglist = CONF.libvirt.block_migration_flag.split(‘,‘)
这个获取块迁移标志列表,block_migration_flag:这个参数定义了为块迁移设置迁移标志。
1 else:2 flaglist = CONF.libvirt.live_migration_flag.split(‘,‘)3 flagvals = [getattr(libvirt, x.strip()) for x in flaglist]4 logical_sum = reduce(lambda x, y: x | y, flagvals)
这部分获取实时迁移标志列表,live_migration_flag这个参数定义了实时迁移的迁移标志。
1 dom = self._lookup_by_name(instance["name"])
根据给定的实例名称检索libvirt域对象。
1 timer = loopingcall.FixedIntervalLoopingCall(f=None)
获取等待完成实时迁移的时间。
热迁移代码部分至此结束。
OpenStack之虚机热迁移代码解析