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2017-08-08  笔记

一、优化部分

1.操作系统参数调优

2.数据库参数调优

3.防火墙设置等

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二、安装部分

1.创建用户和组

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -g mysql mysql

2.创建数据库安装目录、授权

# mkdir /mysql /mysql/data /mysql/log 

# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql 

3.到安装目录，解压安装文件

#cd /usr/local

# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# mv mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

4.授权

# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql

5.验证权限

# ls -l mysql

total 52

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 bin

-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 17987 Jun 22 22:13 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 docs

drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 include

drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 lib

drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 man

-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  2478 Jun 22 22:13 README

drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 share

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql  4096 Aug  8 04:06 support-files

6.编辑参数文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

server_id=10

port = 3306

user = mysql

character-set-server = utf8mb4

default_storage_engine = innodb

log_timestamps = SYSTEM

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /mysql/data

pid-file = /mysql/data/mysql.pid

max_connections = 1000

max_connect_errors = 1000

table_open_cache = 1024

max_allowed_packet = 128M

open_files_limit = 65535

#####====================================[innodb]==============================

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_write_io_threads = 4

innodb_read_io_threads = 4

innodb_purge_threads = 2

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_log_file_size = 512M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30

innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextend

innodb_undo_tablespaces=3

#####====================================[log]==============================

log_error = /mysql/log/mysql-error.log 

slow_query_log = 1

long_query_time = 1 

slow_query_log_file = /mysql/log/mysql-slow.log

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

7.安装数据库

# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data  --innodb_undo_tablespaces=3 --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

8.配置启动文件

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig mysql on

service mysql start

9.配置环境变量

vi /etc/profile

#for mysql  

mysql_home=/usr/local/mysql

PATH=$PATH:$mysql_home/bin

source /etc/profile

10.查看默认密码

grep -i password /mysql/log/mysql-error.log 

11.初始化密码

mysql -uroot -p‘xxxxx‘

SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD(‘root‘);

flush privileges;

12.数据库常规启停

# mysqladmin -uroot -proot shutdown

#mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

#ps -ef|grep mysql

13.安全配置

# mysql_secure_installation 

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords

and improve security. It checks the strength of password

and allows the users to set only those passwords which are

secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y

There are three levels of password validation policy:

LOW    Length >= 8

MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters

STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2

Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 25 

Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Sorry, passwords do not match.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Sorry, passwords do not match.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Estimated strength of the password: 50 

Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

 ... Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Estimated strength of the password: 100 

Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,

allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have

a user account created for them. This is intended only for

testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.

You should remove them before moving into a production

environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from

‘localhost‘. This ensures that someone cannot guess at

the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named ‘test‘ that

anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,

and should be removed before moving into a production

environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

 - Dropping test database...

Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...

Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes

made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

Success.

All done! 

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mysql 5.7.19 二进制最新安装