我个人认为一个优秀的软件工程师必须掌握一定的测试技能。可能有的开发工程师认为测试是测试工程师的事情，不是开发工程师的事情。这种开发工程师是缺一条腿的，离开了测试工程师，你如何证明你的程序没有问题。

下面是我这两天搜集的性能测试工具，如果大家知道别的工具，可以在回复中分享出来。

Webbench

Web Bench is very simple tool for benchmarking WWW or proxy servers. Uses fork() for simulating multiple clients and can use HTTP/0.9-HTTP/1.1 requests. This benchmark is not very realistic, but it can test if your HTTPD can realy handle that many clients at once (try to run some CGIs) without taking your machine down. Displays pages/min and bytes/sec. Can be used in more aggressive mode with -f switch.

ab - Apache HTTP server benchmarking tool

ab is a tool for benchmarking your Apache Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) server. It is designed to give you an impression of how your current Apache installation performs. This especially shows you how many requests per second your Apache installation is capable of serving.

Siege

Siege is an http load testing and benchmarking utility. It was designed to let web developers measure their code under duress, to see how it will stand up to load on the internet. Siege supports basic authentication, cookies, HTTP and HTTPS protocols. It lets its user hit a web server with a configurable number of simulated web browsers. Those browsers place the server “under siege.”

Siege（英文意思是围攻）是一个压力测试和评测工具，设计用于WEB开发这评估应用在压力下的承受能力：可以根据配置对一个WEB站点进行多用户的并发访问，记录每个用户所有请求过程的相应时间，并在一定数量的并发访问下重复进行。 Siege 支持基本的认证，cookies， HTTP 和 HTTPS 协议。

Apache JMeter

Apache JMeter是一个专门为运行和服务器装载测试而设计的、100％的纯Java桌面运行程序。原先它是为Web/HTTP测试而设计的，但是它已经扩展以支持各种各样的测试模块。它和用于HTTP和SQL数据库（使用JDBC）的模块一起运送。它可以用来测试静止资料库或者活动资料库中的服务器的运行情况，可以用来模拟对服务器或者网络系统加以重负荷以测试它的抵抗力，或者用来分析不同负荷类型下的所有运行情况。它也提供了一个可替换的界面用来定制数据显示，测试同步及测试的创建和执行。

The Apache JMeter? desktop application is open source software, a 100% pure Java application designed to load test functional behavior and measure performance. It was originally designed for testing Web Applications but has since expanded to other test functions.

What can I do with it?

Apache JMeter may be used to test performance both on static and dynamic resources (Files, Web dynamic languages - PHP, Java, ASP.NET, etc. -, Java Objects, Data Bases and Queries, FTP Servers and more). It can be used to simulate a heavy load on a server, group of servers, network or object to test its strength or to analyze overall performance under different load types. You can use it to make a graphical analysis of performance or to test your server/script/object behavior under heavy concurrent load.

What does it do?

Apache JMeter features include:

• Ability to load and performance test many different server/protocol types:
• Web - HTTP, HTTPS
• SOAP
• FTP
• Database via JDBC
• LDAP
• Message-oriented middleware (MOM) via JMS
• Mail - SMTP(S), POP3(S) and IMAP(S)
• MongoDB (NoSQL)
• Native commands or shell scripts
• TCP
• Complete portability and 100% Java purity .
• Full multithreading framework allows concurrent sampling by many threads and simultaneous sampling of different functions by separate thread groups.
• Careful GUI design allows faster Test Plan building and debugging.
• Caching and offline analysis/replaying of test results.
• Highly Extensible core:
• Pluggable Samplers allow unlimited testing capabilities.
• Several load statistics may be choosen with pluggable timers .
• Data analysis and visualization plugins allow great extensibility as well as personalization.
• Functions can be used to provide dynamic input to a test or provide data manipulation.
• Scriptable Samplers (BeanShell, BSF-compatible languages and JSR223-compatible languages)

JMeter is not a browser

JMeter is not a browser. As far as web-services and remote services are concerned, JMeter looks like a browser (or rather, multiple browsers); however JMeter does not perform all the actions supported by browsers. In particular, JMeter does not execute the Javascript found in HTML pages. Nor does it render the HTML pages as a browser does (it‘s possible to view the response as HTML etc, but the timings are not included in any samples, and only one sample in one thread is ever viewed at a time).

LoadRunner（商业软件）

Web Polygraph

Web Polygraph这个软件也是一个用于测试WEB性能的工具，这个工具是很多公司的标准测试工具，包括微软在分析其软件性能的时候，也是使用这个工具做为基准工具的。很多招聘测试员的广告中都注明需要熟练掌握这个测试工具。

Web Polygraph is a freely available performance testing tool for caching proxies, origin server accelerators, L4/7 switches, content filters, and other Web intermediaries. Polygraph‘s features include:

• high-performance HTTP clients and servers
• realistic HTTP, FTP and SSL traffic generation
• HTTP and SOCKS5 proxy support, with chaining
• HTTP Basic, NTLM, and Negotiate proxy authentication
• LDAP-friendly generation of user credentials
• flexible content simulation
• ready-to-use standard workloads for benchmarking
• powerful domain-specific configuration language
• portable open-source implementation
• friendly commercial support

TCPCopy

Although the real live flow is important for the test of Internet server applications, it is hard to simulate it as online environments are too complex. To support more realistic testing of Internet server applications, we propose a live flow reproduction tool – TCPCopy, which could generate the test workload that is similar to the production workload. TCPCopy consists of two components: the TCPCopy Client (tcpcopy) and the TCPCopy Server (intercept). The TCPCopy Client (tcpcopy) is deployed on the production system and it copies live flow data, does necessary modifications and sends them to the test system in real-time. The TCPCopy Server (intercept) is deployed on the test system and it returns necessary response information to the TCPCopy Client (tcpcopy). To the test server, the reproduced workload is just from end-users. Currently, TCPCopy has been widely used by companies in China.

TCPCopy has little influence on the production system except occupying additional CPU, memory and bandwidth. Moreover, the reproduced workload is similar to the production workload in request diversity, network latency and resource occupation.

kylinpet（国产工具，没用过，看介绍挺强大）

kylinPET（performance emulation tool，麒麟宠物）是一款功能强大的性能测试工具；界面友好、操作方便，资源占用率低；自带TCP/IP协议栈，支持虚拟大量IP；支持IPv4、IPv6的多种业务测试；支持WEB/WebService业务与Flex（HTTP）、IMS业务（SIP）、IPTV业务（RTSP/IGMP/MLD）、XMPP、Socket业务、数据库、JMS、FTP/SFTP、WEB视频（包括FLV/MP4/HTTP Live Streaming/HTTP Smooth Streaming/HTTP Dynamic Streaming）、WebSocket、JAVA；支持多种协议组合。

Tsung

Tsung is an open-source multi-protocol distributed load testing tool

It can be used to stress HTTP, WebDAV, SOAP, PostgreSQL, MySQL, LDAP and Jabber/XMPP servers. Tsung is a free software released under the GPLv2license.

The purpose of Tsung is to simulate users in order to test the scalability and performance of IP based client/server applications. You can use it to do load and stress testing of your servers. Many protocols have been implemented and tested, and it can be easily extended.

It can be distributed on several client machines and is able to simulate hundreds of thousands of virtual users concurrently (or even millions if you have enough hardware ...).

Tsung is developed in Erlang, an open-source language made by Ericsson for building robust fault-tolerant distributed applications.

curl-loader

curl-loader (also known as "omes-nik" and "davilka") is an open-source tool written in C-language, simulating application load and application behavior of thousands and tens of thousand HTTP/HTTPS and FTP/FTPS clients, each with its own source IP-address. In contrast to other tools curl-loader is using real C-written client protocol stacks, namely, HTTP and FTP stacks of libcurl and TLS/SSL of openssl, and simulates user behavior with support for login and authentication flavors.

The goal of the project is to deliver a powerful and flexible open-source testing solution as a real alternative to Spirent Avalanche and IXIA IxLoad.

The tool is useful for performance loading of various application services, for testing web and ftp servers and traffic generation. Activities of each virtual client are logged and collected statistics includes information about resolving, connection establishment, sending of requests, receiving responses, headers and data received/sent, errors from network, TLS/SSL and application (HTTP, FTP) level events and errors.

Virtual clients are grouped together to the so-called batches of clients, performing the same sort of activities, like:

• authentication login;
• user activity simulation by fetching several URLs with configurable timeouts in between;
• logoff.

The tool can be easily extended to generate sftp, telnet, tftp, ldap, ssh, scp etc other application protocols, supported by the great libcurl library.

Grinder

Grinder是一个开源的JVM负载测试框架，它通过很多负载注射器来为分布式测试提供了便利。 支持用于执行测试脚本的Jython脚本引擎HTTP测试可通过HTTP代理进行管理。根据项目网站的说法，Grinder的 主要目标用户是“理解他们所测代码的人——Grinder不仅仅是带有一组相关响应时间的‘黑盒’测试。由于测试过程可以进行编码——而不是简单地脚本 化，所以程序员能测试应用中内部的各个层次，而不仅仅是通过用户界面测试响应时间。

OpenSTA

OpenSTA是一个免费的、开放源代码的web性能测试工具，能录制功能非常强大的脚本过程，执行性能测试。例如虚拟多个不同的用户同时登陆被测试网站。其还能对录制的测试脚本进行,按指定的语法进行编辑。在录制完测试脚本后，可以对测试脚本进行编辑，以便进行特定的性能指标分析。其较为丰富的图形化测试结果大大提高了测试报告的可阅读性。OpenSTA 基于CORBA 的结构体系，它通过虚拟一个proxy，使用其专用的脚本控制语言，记录通过proxy 的一切HTTP/S traffic。通过分析OpenSTA的性能指标收集器收集的各项性能指标，以及HTTP 数据，对系统的性能进行分析。

参考：

• （总结）Web性能压力测试工具之Siege详解
• 利用tcpcopy引流做模拟在线测试
• （总结）Web性能压力测试工具之WebBench详解
• （总结）Web性能压力测试工具之ApacheBench（ab）详解
• 十个免费的Web压力测试工具
• 如何在低速率网络中测试 Web 应用