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linux学习之shell脚本 ------- 脚本参数传递
[本文是自己学习所做笔记,欢迎转载,但请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/jesson20121020]
今天再来看一下如何向shell脚本传递参数,需要掌握两个命令,一个是 shift命令,另一个是getopts。
脚本参数传递
shift命令
用法:
shift n 每次将参数位置向左偏移n位
假如我们要实现统计多个文件的总行数,就可以用到这个shift命令了,如下:
opt2.sh
#!/bin/bash #op2 static files total lines; staticlines(){ echo "static:`basename $0` filenames" exit } totalline=0 if [ $# -lt 2 ] then staticlines fi while [ $# -ne 0 ] do line=`cat $1 | wc -l` echo "$1:${line}" totalline=$[ $totalline+$line ] shift done echo "-------------------------------------" echo "totalline:${totalline}"给予可执行权限,执行:
jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ chmod a+rx opt2.sh jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./opt2.sh static:opt2.sh filenames jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./opt2.sh lsout.txt static:opt2.sh filenames jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./opt2.sh lsout.txt name.txt lsout.txt:18 name.txt:4 ------------------------------------- totalline:22 jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./opt2.sh lsout.txt name.txt while_test1.sh lsout.txt:18 name.txt:4 while_test1.sh:6 ------------------------------------- totalline:28通过shift 命令,我们可以很容易地实现统计log等信息。
getopts命令
该命令可以获得多个命令行参数。
还是一个脚本来分析getopts的用法
optsget.sh
#!/bin/bash #optsget ALL=false HELP=false FILE=false VERBOSE=false while getopts ahfvc: OPTION do case $OPTION in a) ALL=true echo "ALL is $ALL" ;; h) HELP=true echo "HELP is $HELP" ;; f) FILE=true echo "FILE is $FILE" ;; v) VERBOSE=true echo "VERBOSE is $VERBOSE" ;; c) c=$OPTARG echo "c valuse is $c" ;; \?) echo "`basename $0` -[a h f v] -[c value]" ;; esac done给予可执行权限,执行结果如下:
jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./optsget.sh -a ALL is true jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./optsget.sh -a -f ALL is true FILE is true jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./optsget.sh -a -f -h ALL is true FILE is true HELP is true jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./optsget.sh -a -f -h -v ALL is true FILE is true HELP is true VERBOSE is true jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./optsget.sh -a -f -c ALL is true FILE is true ./optsget.sh: 选项需要一个参数 -- c optsget.sh -[a h f v] -[c value] jesson@jesson-K43SV:~/develop/worksapce/shell_workspace$ ./optsget.sh -a -f -c jesson ALL is true FILE is true c valuse is jesson不难看出,可以通过getopts命令取得多个参数,而且还可以为每个参数指定值,在需要指定值的参数后加:即可。
linux学习之shell脚本 ------- 脚本参数传递
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