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【python学习笔记】7.更加抽象

【python学习笔记】7.更加抽象

  • 类的定义就是执行代码块
  • 在内存保存一个原始实例,可以通过类名来访问
  • 类的实例化,是创建一个原始实例的副本, 并且所有成员变量与原始实例绑定
  • 通过修改实例变量,可以解除与原始实例的绑定
  • self表示当前实例的引用
  • 成员变量也称为特性
  • __bases__: 基类
  • __class__: 对象类型
  • __dict__: 所有特性
  • python的接口不用显式的制定对象必须包含哪些方法,只要对象符合当前接口就可以调用
  • 可以对象上通过赋值的方式,创建变量
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   # 指定源码文件编码,python默认为ASCII__metaclass__ = type  # 确定使用新式类class Person:    def setName(self, name): # self 为是当前实例的引用        self.name = name    def getName(self):        return self.name    def greet(self):        print "hello, world! I‘m %s." % self.name    def __inaccessible(self): # 私有函数,外界不可以访问        print "Bet you can‘t see me..."    def _inaccessible(self):  # 不会被import导出        print "Bet you can‘t see me..."foo = Person() # 创建对象bar = Person()foo.setName("foo")bar.setName("bar")print foo.getName()print bar.getName()foo.greet()bar.greet()#foo.__inaccessible()foo._inaccessible()print "------------------------"‘‘‘‘‘‘class MemberCounter:    print "class MemberCounter begin defined"    members = 0    members2 = 0    def init(self):        MemberCounter.members += 1        MemberCounter.members2 += 1m1 = MemberCounter()m1.init()m2 = MemberCounter()m2.init()print "----"print "m1.members", m1.membersprint "m2.members", m2.membersprint "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.membersprint "----"print "modify m1.members"m1.members=‘m1‘print "----"print "m1.members", m1.membersprint "m2.members", m2.membersprint "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.membersprint "----"print "modify MemberCounter.members"MemberCounter.members = "MemberCounter"print "----"print "m1.members", m1.membersprint "m2.members", m2.membersprint "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.membersprint "----"print "create m3"m3=MemberCounter()print "----"print "m1.members", m1.members, "m1.members2", m1.members2print "m2.members", m2.members, "m2.members2", m2.members2print "m3.members", m3.members, "m3.members2", m3.members2print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members, "MemberCounter.members2", MemberCounter.members2print "----"print "modify MemberCounter.members2"MemberCounter.members2= "members2"print "----"print "m1.members", m1.members, "m1.members2", m1.members2print "m2.members", m2.members, "m2.members2", m2.members2print "m3.members", m3.members, "m3.members2", m3.members2print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members, "MemberCounter.members2", MemberCounter.members2print "----"m3.members2="m3.members2"MemberCounter.members2= "members2 last"print "----"print "m1.members", m1.members, "m1.members2", m1.members2print "m2.members", m2.members, "m2.members2", m2.members2print "m3.members", m3.members, "m3.members2", m3.members2print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members, "MemberCounter.members2", MemberCounter.members2print "----"‘‘‘‘‘‘print "---------------------"class Filter:    def init(self):        self.blocked = [] # 创建成员变量    def filter(self, sequence):        return [x for x in sequence if x not in self.blocked]class SPAMFilter(Filter): # 继承,可以是逗号分隔的多个基类    def init(self): # 重载        self.blocked = [‘SPAM‘]f = Filter()f.init()print f.filter([1,2,3])s = SPAMFilter()s.init()print s.filter(["SPAM", "SPAM","SPAM","SPAM",  "eggs", "bacom" ])print "---------------------"class C:    def dis(self):        self.c=1        print self.cc=C()c.dis()c.cc=3print "c.cc", c.ccprint "c.__dict__", c.__dict__print "C.__dict__", C.__dict__print "Filter.__dict__", Filter.__dict__print "f.__dict__", f.__dict__print "s.__dict__", s.__dict__print "m1.__dict__", m1.__dict__print "m2.__dict__", m2.__dict__print "m3.__dict__", m3.__dict__print "MemberCounter.__dict__", MemberCounter.__dict__

【python学习笔记】7.更加抽象