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新控件RecyclerVIew的介绍和兼容使用的方法
RecyclerVIew是一个可以替代listview和Gallery的有效空间而且在support-v7中有了低版本支持，具体使用方式还是规规矩矩的适配器加控件模式。我们先来看看官网的介绍：
介绍
RecyclerView is a more advanced and flexible version of ListView . This widget is a container for large sets of views that can be recycled and scrolled very efficiently. Use the RecyclerView widget when you have lists with elements that change dynamically.
RecyclerView比listview更先进更灵活，对于很多的视图它就是一个容器，可以有效的重用和滚动。当数据动态变化的时候请使用它。
RecyclerView is easy to use, because it provides:
- A layout manager for positioning items
- Default animations for common item operations
- You also have the flexibility to define custom layout managers and animations for this widget.
RecyclerView使用起来很方便因为它提供：
- 它为item的定位提供一个layoutmanager
- 为item的操作提供一个缺省的animations
- 您还可以灵活地定义这个小部件的自定义布局管理器和动画
To use the RecyclerView widget, you have to specify an adapter and a layout manager. To create an adapter, you extend the RecyclerView.Adapter class. The details of the implementation depend on the specifics of your dataset and the type of views. For more information, see the examplesbelow.
为了使用RecyclerVIew,你必须指定一个adapter和一个layoutmanager，为了创建一个adapter，你必须得继承RecyclerView.Adapter,详细的实现方法取决与你的数据集和你视图的类型。
Google官方的一个例子：
1.布局文件activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" > <!-- A RecyclerView with some commonly used attributes --> <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView android:id="@+id/my_recycler_view" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:scrollbars="horizontal" /></RelativeLayout>
2.item的布局文件，就是一个textview
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:text="Large Text" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />
3.主要代码
3.1 定义控件和布局
/* * recyclerview提供这些内置的布局管理器： * linearlayoutmanager 显示垂直滚动列表或水平的项目。 * gridlayoutmanager 显示在一个网格项目。 * staggeredgridlayoutmanager 显示在交错网格项目。 * 自定义的布局管理器，需要继承recyclerview.layoutmanager类。 * * add/remove items时的动画是默认启用的。 * 自定义这些动画需要继承RecyclerView.ItemAnimator，并实现RecyclerView.setItemAnimator() */
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView; private RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> mAdapter; private LinearLayoutManager mLayoutManager; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); String [] myDataset = {"Android","ios","jack","tony","window","mac","1234","hehe","495948"}; mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view); // improve performance if you know that changes in content // do not change the size of the RecyclerView mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true); // use a linear layout manager mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this); //设置RecycleView的显示方向：（默认为垂直） 水平 mLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL); mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager); // specify an adapter (see also next example) mAdapter = new MyAdapter(myDataset); mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter); }
3.2 适配器
public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> { private String[] mDataset; // Provide a reference to the type of views that you are using // (custom viewholder) public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { public TextView mTextView; public ViewHolder(TextView v) { super(v); mTextView = v; } } // Provide a suitable constructor (depends on the kind of dataset) public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) { mDataset = myDataset; } // Create new views (invoked by the layout manager) @Override public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { // create a new view View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate( R.layout.my_text_view, parent, false); // set the view‘s size, margins, paddings and layout parameters ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder((TextView) v); return vh; } // Replace the contents of a view (invoked by the layout manager) @Override public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) { // - get element from your dataset at this position // - replace the contents of the view with that element holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]); } // Return the size of your dataset (invoked by the layout manager) @Override public int getItemCount() { return mDataset.length; } }
全部代码：
package com.kale.recyclerviewtest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.TextView;public class MainActivity extends Activity { private RecyclerView mRecyclerView; private RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> mAdapter; private LinearLayoutManager mLayoutManager; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); String [] myDataset = {"Android","ios","jack","tony","window","mac","1234","hehe","495948"}; mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view); // improve performance if you know that changes in content // do not change the size of the RecyclerView mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true); // use a linear layout manager mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this); //设置RecycleView的显示方向：（默认为垂直） 水平 mLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL); mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager); // specify an adapter (see also next example) mAdapter = new MyAdapter(myDataset); mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter); } public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> { private String[] mDataset; // Provide a reference to the type of views that you are using // (custom viewholder) public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder { public TextView mTextView; public ViewHolder(TextView v) { super(v); mTextView = v; } } // Provide a suitable constructor (depends on the kind of dataset) public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) { mDataset = myDataset; } // Create new views (invoked by the layout manager) @Override public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { // create a new view View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate( R.layout.my_text_view, parent, false); // set the view‘s size, margins, paddings and layout parameters ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder((TextView) v); return vh; } // Replace the contents of a view (invoked by the layout manager) @Override public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) { // - get element from your dataset at this position // - replace the contents of the view with that element holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]); } // Return the size of your dataset (invoked by the layout manager) @Override public int getItemCount() { return mDataset.length; } }}
PS：这个控件好就好在可以自定义动画和布局的方向，在以前还需要我们自己写横向滑动的listview，现在有了它就方便多了。但缺点是没有listview那么完善，没添加头、尾视图的功能。再说下它的动画和布局类，以后用到的话就知道了。
（1）为每个条目位置提供了layout管理器（RecyclerView.setLayoutManager）
（2）为每个条目设置了操作动画（RecyclerView.setItemAnimator）
参考自：
http://blog.csdn.net/jjwwmlp456/article/details/40540233
http://blog.csdn.net/a396901990/article/details/40187769
新控件RecyclerVIew的介绍和兼容使用的方法
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