何曾几时本猫还在windows下编码的时候，那时ruby的源代码的编码格式都是gbk啊！导致N多中文显示为乱码。后来无奈写了个转换代码从gbk编码转为utf-8格式的小工具：

#!/usr/bin/ruby

#tool 4 gbk encoding to utf8 

src_path = $*[0]
unless src_path
	puts "usage #{$0[2..-1]} gbk_file"
	exit 1
end

dir_name,base_name = File.split(src_path)
dst_path = dir_name << '/u8_' << base_name
f_src = http://www.mamicode.com/File.open(src_path,"r:gbk")>
再后来发现mac系统下自带iconv这个好东东啊：
ICONV(1)                   Linux Programmer‘s Manual                  ICONV(1)

NAME
       iconv - character set conversion

SYNOPSIS
       iconv [OPTION...] [-fencoding] [-tencoding] [inputfile ...]
       iconv -l

DESCRIPTION
       The  iconv program converts text from one encoding to another encoding.
       More precisely, it converts from the encoding given for the -f  option
       to  the  encoding  given  for  the -t option. Either of these encodings
       defaults to the encoding of the current locale. All the inputfiles  are
       read  and  converted  in  turn;  if no inputfile is given, the standard
       input is used. The converted text is printed to standard output.

       The encodings permitted are system dependent. For the  libiconv  imple-
       mentation, they are listed in the iconv_open(3) manual page.

       Options controlling the input and output format:

       -f encoding, --from-code=encoding
我们来试一下,创建一个utf-8格式的文本：
路人甲:最近又多学了德语，现在懂中文，英语和德语啊
猫猫：靠，我早精通十几门语言了
路人甲：擦，我才不信
猫猫：汇编语言,C语言,C++语言，C#语言,ruby语言,javascript语言...
路人甲:...
用iconv转换为gbk格式（或者反向转换也可以）：
apple@kissAir: ruby_src$iconv -f UTF-8 -t GBK ex_u8.txt > ex_gbk.txt
apple@kissAir: ruby_src$cat ex_gbk.txt
·???:????????????????????????????
èè?????????羫????????????
·??????????????
èè?????????,C????,C++?????C#????,ruby????,javascript????...
·???:...apple@kissAir: ruby_src$
我们可以看一下iconv到底支持多少种编码格式，貌似是超多的啊：
apple@kissAir: ruby_src$iconv -l
ANSI_X3.4-1968 ANSI_X3.4-1986 ASCII CP367 IBM367 ISO-IR-6 ISO646-US ISO_646.IRV:1991 US US-ASCII CSASCII
UTF-8
UTF-8-MAC UTF8-MAC
ISO-10646-UCS-2 UCS-2 CSUNICODE
UCS-2BE UNICODE-1-1 UNICODEBIG CSUNICODE11
UCS-2LE UNICODELITTLE
ISO-10646-UCS-4 UCS-4 CSUCS4
UCS-4BE
UCS-4LE
UTF-16
UTF-16BE
UTF-16LE
UTF-32
UTF-32BE
UTF-32LE
UNICODE-1-1-UTF-7 UTF-7 CSUNICODE11UTF7
UCS-2-INTERNAL
UCS-2-SWAPPED
UCS-4-INTERNAL
UCS-4-SWAPPED
C99
JAVA
CP819 IBM819 ISO-8859-1 ISO-IR-100 ISO8859-1 ISO_8859-1 ISO_8859-1:1987 L1 LATIN1 CSISOLATIN1
ISO-8859-2 ISO-IR-101 ISO8859-2 ISO_8859-2 ISO_8859-2:1987 L2 LATIN2 CSISOLATIN2
ISO-8859-3 ISO-IR-109 ISO8859-3 ISO_8859-3 ISO_8859-3:1988 L3 LATIN3 CSISOLATIN3
ISO-8859-4 ISO-IR-110 ISO8859-4 ISO_8859-4 ISO_8859-4:1988 L4 LATIN4 CSISOLATIN4
CYRILLIC ISO-8859-5 ISO-IR-144 ISO8859-5 ISO_8859-5 ISO_8859-5:1988 CSISOLATINCYRILLIC
ARABIC ASMO-708 ECMA-114 ISO-8859-6 ISO-IR-127 ISO8859-6 ISO_8859-6 ISO_8859-6:1987 CSISOLATINARABIC
ECMA-118 ELOT_928 GREEK GREEK8 ISO-8859-7 ISO-IR-126 ISO8859-7 ISO_8859-7 ISO_8859-7:1987 ISO_8859-7:2003 CSISOLATINGREEK
HEBREW ISO-8859-8 ISO-IR-138 ISO8859-8 ISO_8859-8 ISO_8859-8:1988 CSISOLATINHEBREW
ISO-8859-9 ISO-IR-148 ISO8859-9 ISO_8859-9 ISO_8859-9:1989 L5 LATIN5 CSISOLATIN5
ISO-8859-10 ISO-IR-157 ISO8859-10 ISO_8859-10 ISO_8859-10:1992 L6 LATIN6 CSISOLATIN6
ISO-8859-11 ISO8859-11 ISO_8859-11
ISO-8859-13 ISO-IR-179 ISO8859-13 ISO_8859-13 L7 LATIN7
ISO-8859-14 ISO-CELTIC ISO-IR-199 ISO8859-14 ISO_8859-14 ISO_8859-14:1998 L8 LATIN8
ISO-8859-15 ISO-IR-203 ISO8859-15 ISO_8859-15 ISO_8859-15:1998 LATIN-9
ISO-8859-16 ISO-IR-226 ISO8859-16 ISO_8859-16 ISO_8859-16:2001 L10 LATIN10
KOI8-R CSKOI8R
KOI8-U
KOI8-RU
CP1250 MS-EE WINDOWS-1250
CP1251 MS-CYRL WINDOWS-1251
CP1252 MS-ANSI WINDOWS-1252
CP1253 MS-GREEK WINDOWS-1253
CP1254 MS-TURK WINDOWS-1254
CP1255 MS-HEBR WINDOWS-1255
CP1256 MS-ARAB WINDOWS-1256
CP1257 WINBALTRIM WINDOWS-1257
CP1258 WINDOWS-1258
850 CP850 IBM850 CSPC850MULTILINGUAL
862 CP862 IBM862 CSPC862LATINHEBREW
866 CP866 IBM866 CSIBM866
CP1131
MAC MACINTOSH MACROMAN CSMACINTOSH
MACCENTRALEUROPE
MACICELAND
MACCROATIAN
MACROMANIA
MACCYRILLIC
MACUKRAINE
MACGREEK
MACTURKISH
MACHEBREW
MACARABIC
MACTHAI
HP-ROMAN8 R8 ROMAN8 CSHPROMAN8
NEXTSTEP
ARMSCII-8
GEORGIAN-ACADEMY
GEORGIAN-PS
KOI8-T
CP154 CYRILLIC-ASIAN PT154 PTCP154 CSPTCP154
KZ-1048 RK1048 STRK1048-2002 CSKZ1048
MULELAO-1
CP1133 IBM-CP1133
ISO-IR-166 TIS-620 TIS620 TIS620-0 TIS620.2529-1 TIS620.2533-0 TIS620.2533-1
CP874 WINDOWS-874
VISCII VISCII1.1-1 CSVISCII
TCVN TCVN-5712 TCVN5712-1 TCVN5712-1:1993
ISO-IR-14 ISO646-JP JIS_C6220-1969-RO JP CSISO14JISC6220RO
JISX0201-1976 JIS_X0201 X0201 CSHALFWIDTHKATAKANA
ISO-IR-87 JIS0208 JIS_C6226-1983 JIS_X0208 JIS_X0208-1983 JIS_X0208-1990 X0208 CSISO87JISX0208
ISO-IR-159 JIS_X0212 JIS_X0212-1990 JIS_X0212.1990-0 X0212 CSISO159JISX02121990
CN GB_1988-80 ISO-IR-57 ISO646-CN CSISO57GB1988
CHINESE GB_2312-80 ISO-IR-58 CSISO58GB231280
CN-GB-ISOIR165 ISO-IR-165
ISO-IR-149 KOREAN KSC_5601 KS_C_5601-1987 KS_C_5601-1989 CSKSC56011987
EUC-JP EUCJP EXTENDED_UNIX_CODE_PACKED_FORMAT_FOR_JAPANESE CSEUCPKDFMTJAPANESE
MS_KANJI SHIFT-JIS SHIFT_JIS SJIS CSSHIFTJIS
CP932
ISO-2022-JP CSISO2022JP
ISO-2022-JP-1
ISO-2022-JP-2 CSISO2022JP2
CN-GB EUC-CN EUCCN GB2312 CSGB2312
GBK
CP936 MS936 WINDOWS-936
GB18030
ISO-2022-CN CSISO2022CN
ISO-2022-CN-EXT
HZ HZ-GB-2312
EUC-TW EUCTW CSEUCTW
BIG-5 BIG-FIVE BIG5 BIGFIVE CN-BIG5 CSBIG5
CP950
BIG5-HKSCS:1999
BIG5-HKSCS:2001
BIG5-HKSCS:2004
BIG5-HKSCS BIG5-HKSCS:2008 BIG5HKSCS
EUC-KR EUCKR CSEUCKR
CP949 UHC
CP1361 JOHAB
ISO-2022-KR CSISO2022KR
CP856
CP922
CP943
CP1046
CP1124
CP1129
CP1161 IBM-1161 IBM1161 CSIBM1161
CP1162 IBM-1162 IBM1162 CSIBM1162
CP1163 IBM-1163 IBM1163 CSIBM1163
DEC-KANJI
DEC-HANYU
437 CP437 IBM437 CSPC8CODEPAGE437
CP737
CP775 IBM775 CSPC775BALTIC
852 CP852 IBM852 CSPCP852
CP853
855 CP855 IBM855 CSIBM855
857 CP857 IBM857 CSIBM857
CP858
860 CP860 IBM860 CSIBM860
861 CP-IS CP861 IBM861 CSIBM861
863 CP863 IBM863 CSIBM863
CP864 IBM864 CSIBM864
865 CP865 IBM865 CSIBM865
869 CP-GR CP869 IBM869 CSIBM869
CP1125
EUC-JIS-2004 EUC-JISX0213
SHIFT_JIS-2004 SHIFT_JISX0213
ISO-2022-JP-2004 ISO-2022-JP-3
BIG5-2003
ISO-IR-230 TDS565
ATARI ATARIST
RISCOS-LATIN1
最后说点题外话，夸一下UNIX系统的整体性和统一性，这种统一性带来学习成本的急剧下降，而且让人很有成就感。比如我在ruby中知道正则表达式最后加i表示忽略大小写，我有次用grep查找的时候发觉也要忽略大小写查找，你猜猜我用神马选项：grep -i xxx，就是这么统一，这么和谐。windows下可以吗？哦，对了windows下人家不玩console，人家都玩窗口...



Mac OS X下各种文件编码的转换方法