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Struts2——Result
十五、结果类型
result类型
1、dispatcher(默认类型)
2、redirect(客户端跳转)
3、chain(action)
4、rediretAction(action)
5、freemarker
6、httpHeader
7、stream
8、velocity
9、xslt
10、plaintext
11、tiles
范例：
（1）配置struts.xml。定义不同的结果类型
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="resultType" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
<action name="r1">
<result type="dispatcher">/r1.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="r2">
<result type="redirect">/r2.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="r3">
<result type="chain">r1</result>
</action>
<action name="r4">
<result type="redirectAction">r2</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
（2）分别定义4个jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘r1.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
r1 <br>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘r2.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
r2 <br>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘r1.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
r3 <br>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘r1.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
r4 <br>
</body>
</html>
（3）浏览器端访问
http://localhost:8080/ResultType/r1(浏览器端不会跳转到对应的action下的jsp页面)
http://localhost:8080/ResultTyppe/r2(客户端跳转，会跳转到对应action下的jsp页面)
http://localhost:8080/ResultTyppe/r3(forword到别的action，当需要跳转到别的包下的action时，需要配置<param name=”actionName”>、<param name=”namespace”>)
http://localhost:8080/ResultTyppe/r4
十六、全局结果GlobalResult
(1)编写index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<a href="user/index?type=1">1.type=1</a><br />
<a href="user/index?type=2">2.type=2</a><br />
<a href="user/index?type=3">3.type=3</a>
</body>
</html>
(2)编写UserAction.jsp
package com.zgy.result;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{
private int type;
public int getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String execute(){
if(type == 1){
return SUCCESS;
}
else if(type == 2){
return ERROR;
}
else{
return "mainpage";
}
}
}
(3)配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="user" extends="struts-default" namespace="/user">
<global-results>
<result name="mainpage">/mainpage.jsp</result>
</global-results>
<action name="index" class="com.zgy.result.UserAction">
<result>/user.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
(4)分别编写user.jsp/error.jsp/mainpage.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘user.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
user jsp <br>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘error.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
error jsp <br>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘MainPage.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
main page <br>
</body>
</html>
(5)浏览器端访问
http://localhost:8080/GlobleResult/
当点击3.type=3时，将会跳转到<global-results>下的mainpage.jsp
十七、动态结果集
在struts.xml中使用如下方式动态指定result的值：
${}
(1)创建index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<a href="user/user?type=1">1.type=1</a><br />
<a href="user/user?type=2">2.type=2</a><br />
</body>
</html>
(2)配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="user" extends="struts-default" namespace="/user">
<action name="user" class="com.zgy.result.UserAction">
<result>${r}</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
package com.zgy.result;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{
private int type;
private String r;
public int getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String getR() {
return r;
}
public void setR(String r) {
this.r = r;
}
public String execute(){
if(type == 1){
r = "/user_success.jsp";
}
else if(type == 2){
r = "/user_error.jsp";
}
return "success";
}
}
(3)浏览器端访问
十八、带参数的结果集
当一个action将一个请求forward到另一个action时，不需要传递参数。即：forward是服务器端跳转，只产生一个request，一次request只有一个值栈。
当一个action将一个请求redirect到另一个action时，需要传递参数。即：redirect是客户端跳转，将产生2个request，所以这两个action不能共享同一个值栈。
范例：
（1）创建index.jsp页面，传递参数为type=1
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘index.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<a href="user/user?type=1">1. 向结果传递参数</a>
</body>
</html>
（2）配置struts.xml，redirect请求到user_success.jsp
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="action" extends="struts-default" namespace="/user">
<action name="user" class="com.zgy.result.UserAction">
<result type="redirect">/user_success.jsp?t=${type}</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
（3）编写UserAction.java接受参数值
package com.zgy.result;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
private String type;
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String execute(){
return SUCCESS;
}
}
（4）编写user_success.jsp，获取参数值
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP ‘user_success.jsp‘ starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
user success <br>
from ValueStack:<s:property value="t"></s:property><br />
from ActionContext:<s:property value="#parameters.t"></s:property>
<s:debug></s:debug>
</body>
</html>
（5）浏览器端访问
十九、Result总结
1、常用四种类型
A)dispatcher(默认)
B)rediect
C)chain
D)redirectAction
2、全局结果集
A)global-results | extends
3、动态结果（了解）
A)在action中保存一个属性，存储具体的结果location
4、传递参数
A)客户端跳转才需要传递
B)${}表达式（不是EL）
Struts2——Result