首页 > 代码库 > 自己编写的Windows字符串类 封装字符串格式转换和常用操作 方便使用
自己编写的Windows字符串类 封装字符串格式转换和常用操作 方便使用
最近开发的语音识别的项目经常碰到转码的问题，各种宽窄字节转换，ASNI, UTF8, 宽字节 …… 代码写得冗长，繁琐，维护性太差了。决定自己写一个能直接使用各种编码的字符串类，于是实现了一个，功能不多，但是也够用。由于string 和 wstring 在多线程下共享数据会出问题，这里只用最基础的char 和 wchar_t。
基于Windows平台,代码如下
/*
**************************************************
Title: 自定义字符串类
**************************************************
Date：2014/12/14
**************************************************
author：刘旭
**************************************************
Blog：http://blog.csdn.net/liuxucoder
**************************************************
*/
#ifndef __YKSTRING
#define __YKSTRING
#include <cstring>
#include <new>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#define MAX_COUNT 1024000
typedef unsigned char BYTE;
//十进制转十六进制
inline BYTE Int_to_Hex(const BYTE src)
{
return src > 9 ? (src+55) : (src+48);
}
//十六进制转十进制
inline BYTE Hex_to_Int(const BYTE &x)
{
return isdigit(x) ? x-'0' : x-'A'+10;
}
/*
*@自定义字符串类
*/
class CYkString
{
public:
/*
*@目的: 字符串转码，由 Ansi 转为 wchar_t
*@参数: const char* szAnsi 转码前 Ansi 字符串
*@参数: wchar_t* szWchar 转码后 wchar_t 字符串
*@返回值: bool 成功返回true，失败返回false
*/
bool Ansi_to_Wchar(const char* szAnsi,wchar_t*& szWchar)
{
bool res = false;
size_t nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, NULL, szAnsi, -1, NULL, 0);
wchar_t* strTemp = NULL;
nLen = (nLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t);
__try{
if(NULL == (szWchar = new wchar_t[nLen])){
__leave;
}
if(NULL == (strTemp = new wchar_t[nLen])){
__leave;
}
ZeroMemory(szWchar, nLen);
ZeroMemory(strTemp, nLen);
if(0 == MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, NULL, szAnsi, -1, strTemp, nLen)){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyW(szWchar, nLen, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
res = true;
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
}
}
return res;
}
/*
*@目的: 字符串转码，由 Utf-8 转为 wchar_t
*@参数: const char* szUtf8 转码前 Utf-8 字符串
*@参数: wchar_t* szWchar 转码后 wchar_t 字符串
*@返回值: bool 成功返回true，失败返回false
*/
bool Utf8_to_Wchar(const char* szUtf8,wchar_t*& szWchar)
{
bool res = false;
size_t nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, NULL, szUtf8, -1, NULL, 0);
wchar_t* strTemp =NULL;
nLen = (nLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t);
__try{
if(NULL == (szWchar = new wchar_t[nLen])){
__leave;
}
if(NULL == (strTemp = new wchar_t[nLen])){
__leave;
}
ZeroMemory(szWchar, nLen);
ZeroMemory(strTemp, nLen);
if(0 == MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, NULL, szUtf8, -1, strTemp, nLen)){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyW(szWchar, nLen, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
res = true;
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
}
}
return res;
}
/*
*@目的: 字符串转码，由 wchar_t 转为 Ansi
*@参数: const wchar_t* szWchar 转码前 wchar_t 字符串
*@参数: char* szAnsi 转码后 Ansi 字符串
*@返回值: bool 成功返回true，失败返回false
*/
bool Wchar_to_Ansi(const wchar_t* szWchar,char*& szAnsi)
{
bool res = false;
size_t nLen = 0;
char *strTemp = NULL;
StringCchLengthW(szWchar, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
nLen = (nLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t);
__try{
if(NULL == (szAnsi = new char[nLen])){
__leave;
}
if(NULL == (strTemp = new char[nLen])){
__leave;
}
ZeroMemory(szAnsi, nLen);
ZeroMemory(strTemp, nLen);
if( 0 == WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, szWchar, -1, strTemp, nLen, NULL, NULL)){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyA(szAnsi, nLen, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
res = true;
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
}
}
return res;
}
/*
*@目的: 字符串转码，由 wchar_t 转为 Utf-8
*@参数: const wchar_t* szWchar 转码前 wchar_t 字符串
*@参数: char* szUtf8 转码后 Utf-8 字符串
*@返回值: bool 成功返回true，失败返回false
*/
bool Wchar_to_Utf8(const wchar_t* szWchar,char*& szUtf8)
{
bool res = false;
size_t nLen = 0;
char *strTemp = NULL;
StringCchLengthW(szWchar, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
nLen = (nLen+1)*2*sizeof(wchar_t);
__try{
if(NULL == (szUtf8 = new char[nLen])){
__leave;
}
if(NULL == (strTemp = new char[nLen])){
__leave;
}
ZeroMemory(szUtf8, nLen);
ZeroMemory(strTemp, nLen);
if( 0 == WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, szWchar, -1, strTemp, nLen, NULL, NULL)){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyA(szUtf8, nLen, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
res = true;
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
}
}
return res;
}
/*
*@目的: 字符串转码，由 Ansi 转为 Utf-8
*@参数: const char * szAnsi 转码前 Ansi 字符串
*@参数: char* szUtf8 转码后 Utf-8 字符串
*@返回值: bool 成功返回true，失败返回false
*/
bool Ansi_to_Utf8(const char* szAnsi,char*& szUtf8)
{
bool res = false;
size_t nLen = 0;
wchar_t* strTemp = NULL;
StringCchLengthA(szAnsi, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
__try{
if(NULL == (strTemp = new wchar_t[nLen+1])){
__leave;
}
if(false == Ansi_to_Wchar(szAnsi, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
if(false == Wchar_to_Utf8(strTemp, szUtf8)){
__leave;
}
res = true;
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
}
}
return res;
}
/*
*@目的: 字符串转码，由 Utf-8 转为 Ansi
*@参数: const char * szUtf8 转码前 Utf-8 字符串
*@参数: char* szAnsi 转码后 Ansi 字符串
*@返回值: bool 成功返回true，失败返回false
*/
bool Utf8_to_Ansi(const char* szUtf8,char*& szAnsi)
{
bool res = false;
size_t nLen = 0;
wchar_t* strTemp = NULL;
StringCchLengthA(szUtf8, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
__try{
if(NULL == (strTemp = new wchar_t[nLen+1])){
__leave;
}
if(false == (Utf8_to_Wchar(szUtf8, strTemp))){
__leave;
}
if(false ==Wchar_to_Ansi(strTemp, szAnsi)){
__leave;
}
res = true;
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
}
}
return res;
}
public:
CYkString(size_t len = 256){
Last_Style = Style_Char;
IsAnsi = true;
m_char = NULL;
m_wchar = NULL;
try{
m_char = new char[len];
m_wchar = new wchar_t[len];
ZeroMemory(m_char, len);
ZeroMemory(m_wchar, len);
}
catch(std::bad_alloc){
if(m_char){
delete []m_char;
}
if(m_wchar){
delete []m_wchar;
}
throw; //此处抛出异常，停止构造函数，释放资源
}
};
~CYkString(void){
if(NULL != m_char){
delete []m_char;
m_char = NULL;
}
if(NULL != m_wchar){
delete []m_wchar;
m_wchar = NULL;
}
};
/*
*@目的: 刷新字符串，是每种字符串储存内容一致
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: bool 成功返回 true 失败返回 false
*/
bool FlushString(){
if(Style_Char == Last_Style){
if(false == IsAnsi){
return Utf8_to_Wchar(m_char, m_wchar);
}else{
return Ansi_to_Wchar(m_char, m_wchar);
}
}
else if(Style_WChar == Last_Style){
if(false == IsAnsi){
return Wchar_to_Utf8(m_wchar, m_char);
}
else{
return Wchar_to_Ansi(m_wchar, m_char);
}
}
}
/*
*@目的: 使用字符串的char*格式
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: char* char*字符串地址
*/
char* asChar_str(){
FlushString();
Last_Style = Style_Char;
return m_char;
}
/*
*@目的: 使用字符串的wchar_t*格式
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: wchar_t* wchar_t*字符串地址
*/
wchar_t* asWchar_str(){
FlushString();
Last_Style = Style_WChar;
return m_wchar;
}
/*
*@目的: 返回字符串的长度
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: size_t 字符串的长度
*/
size_t GetLength(){
FlushString();
size_t nLen = 0;
StringCchLengthW(m_wchar, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
return nLen;
}
/*
*@目的: 判断字符串是否为空
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: bool 空则返回true,非空则返回false
*/
bool IsEmpty(){
FlushString();
return GetLength() ? false : true;
}
/*
*@目的: 将字符串转换为Ansi编码形式
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: char* 转码后的字符串
*/
char* ToAnsi(){
FlushString();
if(false == IsAnsi){
IsAnsi = true;
if(false == Utf8_to_Ansi(m_char, m_char)){
m_char = NULL;
}
}
return m_char;
};
/*
*@目的: 将字符串转换为Utf-8编码形式
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: char* 转码后的字符串
*/
char* ToUtf_8(){
FlushString();
if(true == IsAnsi){
IsAnsi = false;
if(false == Ansi_to_Utf8(m_char, m_char)){
m_char = NULL;
}
}
return m_char;
};
/*
*@目的: 将Utf-8格式字符串用Urlcode编码
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: char* 编码后的字符串
*/
char* UrlEncode_Utf8()
{
bool IsAnsiTemp = IsAnsi;
ToUtf_8();
char* result = NULL;
size_t nLen = 0;
StringCchLengthA(m_char, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
size_t pos = 0; //结果字符串的长度标记
try{
result = new char[(nLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t)];
ZeroMemory(result, sizeof(result));
}catch(std::bad_alloc){
delete []result;
result = NULL;
return result;
}
for(size_t i = 0; i < nLen; i++){
if(isalnum((BYTE)m_char[i]) || /*判断是否为字母或者数字 必须进行类型转换*/
':' == m_char[i] ||
'/' == m_char[i] ||
'_' == m_char[i] ||
'.' == m_char[i] ||
'~' == m_char[i] ||
'?' == m_char[i] ||
'&' == m_char[i] ||
'=' == m_char[i] ){
result[pos++] = m_char[i]; //保持不变
}
else if(' ' == m_char[i]){//如果是空格
result[pos++] = '+';
}
else {//如果是其他字符
BYTE temp = Int_to_Hex((BYTE) m_char[i]);
result[pos++] = '%';
result[pos++] = Int_to_Hex((BYTE)m_char[i] >> 4);
result[pos++] = Int_to_Hex((BYTE)m_char[i] % 16);
}
}
IsAnsi = IsAnsiTemp ? ToAnsi() : ToUtf_8(); //恢复原来的编码
result[pos++] = '\0';
return result;
}
/*
*@目的: 将Ansi格式字符串用Urlcode编码
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: char* 编码后的字符串
*/
char* UrlEncode_Ansi()
{
bool IsAnsiTemp = IsAnsi;
ToAnsi();
char* result = NULL;
size_t nLen = 0;
StringCchLengthA(m_char, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
size_t pos = 0; //结果字符串的长度标记
try{
result = new char[(nLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t)];
ZeroMemory(result, sizeof(result));
}catch(std::bad_alloc){
delete []result;
result = NULL;
return result;
}
for(size_t i = 0; i < nLen; i++){
if(isalnum((BYTE)m_char[i]) || /*判断是否为字母或者数字 必须进行类型转换*/
':' == m_char[i] ||
'/' == m_char[i] ||
'_' == m_char[i] ||
'.' == m_char[i] ||
'~' == m_char[i] ||
'?' == m_char[i] ||
'&' == m_char[i] ||
'=' == m_char[i] ){
result[pos++] = m_char[i]; //保持不变
}
else if(' ' == m_char[i]){//如果是空格
result[pos++] = '+';
}
else {//如果是其他字符
BYTE temp = Int_to_Hex((BYTE) m_char[i]);
result[pos++] = '%';
result[pos++] = Int_to_Hex((BYTE)m_char[i] >> 4);
result[pos++] = Int_to_Hex((BYTE)m_char[i] % 16);
}
}
IsAnsi = IsAnsiTemp ? ToAnsi() : ToUtf_8(); //恢复原来的编码
result[pos++] = '\0';
return result;
}
/*
*@目的: 将字符串用Urlcode解码
*@参数: 无
*@返回值: char* 解码后的字符串(格式取决于字符串本身的格式)
*/
char* UrlDecode()
{
FlushString();
char* result = NULL;
size_t nLen = 0;
StringCchLengthA(m_char, MAX_COUNT, &nLen);
size_t pos = 0; //结果字符串的长度标记
try{
result = new char[(nLen+1)*sizeof(wchar_t)];
ZeroMemory(result, sizeof(result));
}catch(std::bad_alloc){
delete []result;
result = NULL;
return result;
}
for(size_t i = 0; i < nLen; i++){
if('%' == m_char[i]){ //判断是否为汉字
BYTE cha;
cha = Hex_to_Int(m_char[i+1])<<4;
cha |= Hex_to_Int(m_char[i+2]);
result[pos++] = (char)cha;
i += 2;
}
else if('+' == m_char[i]){//如果是空格
result[pos++] = ' ';
}
else {//如果是其他字符
result[pos++] = m_char[i]; //保持不变
}
}
result[pos++] = '\0';
return result;
}
/*
*@目的: 将字符串格式化(char*)
*@参数: char* Format 格式化字符串
*@参数: ... 参数列表
*@返回值: int 格式化参数的个数, -1表示失败
*/
int Format(char* Format, ...)
{
Last_Style = Style_Char;
va_list argList = NULL;
size_t nLen = 0;
va_start(argList, Format);
nLen = _vsprintf_p(NULL, 0, Format, argList);
try{
m_char = new char[nLen+1];
_vsprintf_p(m_char, nLen + 1, Format, argList);
return FlushString();
}
catch(std::bad_alloc){
delete []m_char;
m_char = NULL;
return -1;
}
}
/*
*@目的: 将字符串格式化(wchar_t*)
*@参数: wchar_t* Format 格式化字符串
*@参数: ... 参数列表
*@返回值: int 格式化参数的个数, -1表示失败
*/
int Format(wchar_t* Format, ...)
{
Last_Style = Style_WChar;
va_list argList = NULL;
size_t nLen = 0;
va_start(argList, Format);
nLen = _vswprintf_p(NULL, 0, Format, argList);
try{
m_wchar = new wchar_t[nLen+1];
_vswprintf_p(m_wchar, nLen + 1, Format, argList);
return FlushString();
}
catch(std::bad_alloc){
delete []m_wchar;
m_wchar = NULL;
return -1;
}
}
public:
//==运算符重载
bool operator == (const char* obj){
return 0 == strncmp(m_char, obj, MAX_COUNT) ? true : false;
}
bool operator == (const wchar_t* obj){
return CSTR_EQUAL == CompareStringOrdinal(m_wchar, -1, obj, -1, false) ? true : false;
}
bool operator == (CYkString &obj){
return CSTR_EQUAL == CompareStringOrdinal(m_wchar, -1, obj.asWchar_str(), -1, false) ? true : false;
}
//=运算符重载
CYkString& operator = (const char* obj)
{
Last_Style = Style_Char;
if(*this == obj){
return *this;
}
size_t nLen1 = GetLength()*sizeof(wchar_t);
size_t nLen2 = 0;
StringCchLengthA(obj, MAX_COUNT, &nLen2);
nLen2 += 1;
if(nLen1 >= nLen2){
StringCchCopyA(m_char, nLen1, obj);
}
else{
char *strTemp = NULL;
__try{
if(NULL == (strTemp = new char[nLen2])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyA(strTemp, nLen2, obj)){
__leave;
}
delete m_char;
m_char = NULL;
if(NULL == (m_char = new char[nLen2])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyA(m_char, nLen2, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
FlushString();
}
}
}
return *this;
}
CYkString& operator = (const wchar_t* obj)
{
Last_Style = Style_WChar;
if(*this == obj){
return *this;
}
size_t nLen1 = GetLength()*sizeof(wchar_t);
size_t nLen2 = 0;
StringCchLengthW(obj, MAX_COUNT, &nLen2);
nLen2 *= sizeof(wchar_t);
if(nLen1 >= nLen2){
StringCchCopyW(m_wchar, nLen1, obj);
}
else{
wchar_t *strTemp = NULL;
__try{
if(NULL == (strTemp = new wchar_t[nLen2])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyW(strTemp, nLen2, obj)){
__leave;
}
delete []m_wchar;
m_wchar = NULL;
if(NULL == (m_wchar = new wchar_t[nLen2])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyW(m_wchar, nLen2, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
FlushString();
}
}
}
return *this;
}
CYkString& operator = (CYkString &obj)
{
return *this = obj.asWchar_str();
}
//+=运算符重载
CYkString& operator += (const char* obj)
{
Last_Style = Style_Char;
size_t nLen1 = GetLength()*sizeof(wchar_t) + 1;
size_t nLen2 = 0;
StringCchLengthA(obj, MAX_COUNT, &nLen2);
nLen2 += 1;
char *strTemp = NULL;
__try{
if(NULL == (strTemp = new char[nLen1])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyA(strTemp, nLen1, m_char)){
__leave;
}
delete []m_wchar;
m_wchar = NULL;
if(NULL == (m_char = new char[nLen1+nLen2])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyA(m_char, nLen1, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCatA(m_char, nLen1+nLen2, obj)){
__leave;
}
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
FlushString();
}
}
return *this;
}
CYkString& operator += (const wchar_t* obj)
{
Last_Style = Style_WChar;
size_t nLen1 = GetLength()*sizeof(wchar_t);
size_t nLen2 = 0;
StringCchLengthW(obj, MAX_COUNT, &nLen2);
nLen2 *= sizeof(wchar_t);
wchar_t *strTemp = NULL;
__try{
if(NULL == (strTemp = new wchar_t[nLen1])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyW(strTemp, nLen1, m_wchar)){
__leave;
}
delete []m_wchar;
m_wchar = NULL;
if(NULL == (m_wchar = new wchar_t[nLen1+nLen2])){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCopyW(m_wchar, nLen1, strTemp)){
__leave;
}
if(S_OK != StringCchCatW(m_wchar, nLen1+nLen2, obj)){
__leave;
}
}
__finally{
if(NULL != strTemp){
delete []strTemp;
strTemp = NULL;
FlushString();
}
}
return *this;
}
CYkString& operator += (CYkString &obj)
{
return *this += obj.asWchar_str();
}
protected:
char* m_char; //内部字符串 char* 窄字节类型
wchar_t* m_wchar; //内部字符串 wchar* 宽字节类型
private:
enum LASTCHANGE{
Style_Char = 1,
Style_WChar = 2
};//最后改变的数据类型
bool IsAnsi; //字符串是否是Ansi编码格式
int Last_Style; //最后改变的数据类型标记
};
#endif // !__YKSTRING
自己编写的Windows字符串类 封装字符串格式转换和常用操作 方便使用
声明：以上内容来自用户投稿及互联网公开渠道收集整理发布，本网站不拥有所有权，未作人工编辑处理，也不承担相关法律责任，若内容有误或涉及侵权可进行投诉： 投诉/举报 工作人员会在5个工作日内联系你，一经查实，本站将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。