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【LeetCode】Recover Binary Search Tree

Recover Binary Search Tree

Two elements of a binary search tree (BST) are swapped by mistake.

Recover the tree without changing its structure.

Note:
A solution using O(n) space is pretty straight forward. Could you devise a constant space solution?

 

基本知识点:二叉搜索树的中序遍历就是升序序列。

因此不满足升序的两个点就是互换的地方。设置头结点INT_MIN来保证第一次满足。

问题在于,不满足升序的地方最多一共会出现4次,例如:

INT_MIN, 4, 2, 5, 1, 3

               >          <

涉及到4,2,1,3

稍作分析即可知道,第一次出现反常(>)意味着前一个结点有问题,而第二次出现反常(<)

意味着后一个结点有问题。因此交换这两个问题节点即可。

有个小问题需要注意:如果一共只有两个节点,那么两次反常在同一次比较中出现了。

为了处理这种情况,我们在第一次反常时,就把后一个结点也设置为问题节点,后续再不断更新。

/** * Definition for binary tree * struct TreeNode { *     int val; *     TreeNode *left; *     TreeNode *right; *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {} * }; */class Solution {public:    TreeNode* first = NULL;    TreeNode* second = NULL;    TreeNode* prev = new TreeNode(INT_MIN);    void recoverTree(TreeNode *root)     {        inOrder(root);        int tmp = first->val;        first->val = second->val;        second->val = tmp;    }    void inOrder(TreeNode* root)    {        if(!root)            return;        inOrder(root->left);        if(root->val < prev->val)        {//invalid prev            if(!first)            //we determine the first because the prev is unusually big             //attention, the first can be updated only once                first = prev;            //we determine the second because the root is unusually small            //attention, the second can be updated anytime            second = root;        }        else            prev = root;    //valid prev        inOrder(root->right);    }};

 

【LeetCode】Recover Binary Search Tree