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linux 6.4 平台下 Oracle 12c 单实例 安装手册

2024-08-05 04:13:20   221人阅读

 

一．准备工作

 

1.1 安装需要的RPM 包

 

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libXext-1.1 (x86_64)

libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)

libX11-1.3 (x86_64)

libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)

libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)

libXi-1.3 (x86_64)

make-3.81-19.el6

sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

 

 

compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)

gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

ksh  <== 任何版本的 ksh 都可以。

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

 

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

libXext-1.1 (i686)

libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)

libX11-1.3 (i686)

libXau-1.0.5 (i686)

libxcb-1.5 (i686)

libXi-1.3 (i686)

 

 

这里建议配置好YUM，用yum 来一次安装。

 

 

1.2 修改内核参数/etc/sysctl.conf

 

在sysctl.conf 中加入以下内容：

 

kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

kernel.panic_on_oops = 30

 

如下2个参数直接使用默认值即可：

kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

kernel.shmall = 4294967296

 

用root用户执行sysctl -p 使修改生效。

 

1.3 设置 Oracle 用户的Shell 限制

在 /etc/security/limits.conf中添加如下内容：

oracle  soft    nproc   2047

oracle  hard   nproc  16384

oracle  soft    nofile   1024

oracle  hard   nofile   65536

oracle  soft    stack   10240

oracle  hard   stack   10240

 

注：limits.conf 文件发生更改时，这些更改立即生效。但是，如果 Oracle 用户已登录，则这些更改将在注销这些用户并重新登录之后生效。必须先完成此操作，然后再使用这些帐户进行安装。

 

1.4 设置PAM

确保加载了最新版本的 PAM，然后在 /etc/pam.d/login 文件中添加或编辑以下行：

 

session required pam_limits.so

 

1.5 设置ulimit

 

验证当前 ulimit，如果需要则增大。可以采用多种方式完成此操作，推荐方法是在 /etc/profile 中添加以下行：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -u 16384 
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fi

 

 

1.6 创建Oracle用户和组

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

groupadd oper

useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

passwd oracle

 

1.7 创建目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 
chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01 
chmod -R 777 /u01

 

1.8 设置oracle用户的环境变量

 

修改/home/oracle/.bash_profile 文件添加如下内容：

 

 

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=dave; export ORACLE_SID

SHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;export SHLIB_PATH
NLS_LANG=American_America.zhs16gbk;export NLS_LANG
ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;export ORA_NLS10

TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;export TNS_ADMIN

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;export CLASSPATH

 

Source 参数使生效：

[oracle@Ora12c ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile

 

 

二．开始安装

 

运行runinstaller。

 































 

[root@Ora12c database]#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

 

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory tooinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

 

[root@Ora12c database]#/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh

Performing root user operation for Oracle 12c

 

The following environment variables are set as:

   ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

   ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

 

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory:[/usr/local/bin]:

   Copyingdbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copyingoraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copyingcoraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

 

 

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file asneeded by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database iscreated

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will beperformed.

[root@Ora12c database]#

 

 



 

 

 

 

三. 查询数据库信息

 

 

[oracle@Ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

 

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Apr24 12:00:39 2014

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics andReal Application Testing options

 

SQL> set lin 140    

SQL> select * from v$version;

 

BANNER                                                                              CON_ID

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OracleDatabase 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production              0

PL/SQLRelease 12.1.0.1.0 - Production                                                    0

CORE    12.1.0.1.0      Production                                                       0

TNSfor Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production                                            0

NLSRTLVersion 12.1.0.1.0 - Production                                                    0

 

SQL> SELECT CDB FROM V$DATABASE;

 

CDB

---

YES

 

SQL> select PDB_NAME,CON_UID,pdb_id,status fromdba_pdbs;

 

PDB_NAME                CON_UID     PDB_ID STATUS

-------------------- ---------- -----------------------

PDBCNDBA              426143573          3 NORMAL

PDB$SEED            4088301206          2 NORMAL

 

 

SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE fromv$pdbs;

 

   CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE

---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------

         24088301206 PDB$SEED                      READ ONLY

        3  426143573 PDBCNDBA                       READ WRITE

 

 

SQL> show con_name

 

CON_NAME

------------------------------

CDB$ROOT

 

SQL> alter session set container=pdbcndba;

 

Session altered.

 

SQL> show con_name

 

CON_NAME

------------------------------

PDBCNDBA

 

SQL> show con_name

 

CON_NAME

------------------------------

PDBCNDBA

 

SQL> create table cndba as select * fromall_users;

Table created.

 

SQL> alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;

Session altered.

 

SQL> select count(1) from cndba;

select count(1) from cndba

                    *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

 

 

 

 

 

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注意:加群必须注明表空间和数据文件关系 | 不要重复加群

CNDBA_1: 104207940 (满)    CNDBA_2: 62697716 (满)   CNDBA_3: 283816689

CNDBA_4: 391125754   CNDBA_5: 62697850    CNDBA_6: 62697977   CNDBA_7: 142216823（满）

linux 6.4 平台下 Oracle 12c 单实例 安装手册


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