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cobbler批量自动网络安装centos
一、cobbler工作原理
cobbler 实现自动化安装OS,是依赖于:
网卡的PXE技术(dhcp client、tftp client ) + anaconda(linux上安装操作系统的程序)
+ dhcp(为需要安装操作系统的主机分配IP) + tftp(提供基于网卡引导时所需要的启动文件)
+ httpd(os install tree 的存放位置 ) 实现的。
二、安装和修改cobbler配置
1.Cobbler不在CentOS的基本源中,需要导入EPEL源升级软件包,
# rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rp
安装完运行yum报错:
Error: Cannot retrieve metalink for repository: epel. Please verify its path and try again
解决方法
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
编辑[epel]下的baseurl前的#号去掉,mirrorlist前添加#号。正确配置如下:
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
2. yum安装cobbler包
# yum -y install cobbler httpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp
3. 开启cobbler服务,重启Apache服务,设置各个服务开机自启动
# service httpd start
# service cobblerd start
# service xinetd start
# /sbin/chkconfig httpd on
# /sbin/chkconfig dhcpd on
# /sbin/chkconfig xinetd on
# /sbin/chkconfig tftp on
# /sbin/chkconfig cobblerd on
4. 关闭SELinux和防火墙
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=enforcing更改为SELINUX=disabled
# reboot
5. 修改cobbler配置
# vi /etc/cobbler/setting
‘next_server: 127.0.0.1‘ 替换本机IP地址 (DHCP服务地址)
‘server: 127.0.0.1‘ 替换本机IP地址(cobbler服务地址)
‘manage_dhcp: 0‘ 替换为 1(cobbler管理dhcp,后面用于同步更新配置信息[cobbler sync])
‘manage_rsync: 0‘ 替换为 1 (cobbler管理rsync功能)
6. 加载部分缺失的网络boot-loaders
# cobbler get-loaders
7. 启动tftp和rsync服务
# vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
修改成:disable=no
# vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
修改成:disable=no
8. 修改DHCP模板,确保DHCP分配的地址和Cobbler在同一网段
# cat /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
ddns-update-style interim;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
ignore client-updates;
set vendorclass = option vendor-class-identifier;
option pxe-system-type code 93 = unsigned integer 16;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.1.1;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
filename "/pxelinux.0";
next-server $next_server;
9. 修改cobbler的默认密码
用 openssl 生成一串密码后加入到 cobbler 的配置文件(/etc/cobbler/settings)里,替换 default_password_crypted 字段:
# openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here‘ ‘1234567‘
$1$random-p$/pL7QZ2d5UVH9GzhJ2lYT1
# vi /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted: "$1$random-p$/pL7QZ2d5UVH9GzhJ2lYT1"
注意:这里保存的密码,将会用于批量部署机器中,root账户的登录密码。
10. 安装cman启动电源管理功能
# yum install cman
11. 检查cobbler安装环境
# cobbler check
# cobbler sync
三、导入ISO文件
1. 挂载ISO镜像到/meida 目录
#mount /dev/cdrom /media/
2.从iso中导入客户端的OS。这将自动设置了“x86_64”,并将其命名为Centos6.2
#cobbler import --path=/media --name=centos6.2--arch=x86_64
这需要一点时间,不要急。可查看/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.2-x86_64/目录文件生成情况
# cobbler sync
# cobbler list
distros:
centos6.2-x86_64
profiles:
centos6.2-x86_64
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
四、部署测试
创建一台虚拟机测试一下,把虚拟机设置成网络 PXE 启动
本文出自 “hanyun.fang” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://hanyun.blog.51cto.com/1060170/1588840
cobbler批量自动网络安装centos