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【LeetCode】Sqrt(x) (2 solutions)

Sqrt(x)

Implement int sqrt(int x).

Compute and return the square root of x.

 

解法一:牛顿迭代法

求n的平方根,即求f(x)=x2-n的零点

设初始值为x0,注,不要设为0,以免出现除数为0,见后。

则过(x0,f(x0))点的切线为g(x)=f(x0)+f‘(x0)*(x-x0)

g(x)与x轴的交点为x1=x0-f(x0)/f‘(x0)

递推关系为xn+1=xn-f(xn)/f‘(xn)

当收敛时即为解。

class Solution {public:    int sqrt(int x) {        double x0 = 1;        double xn = (x0+x/x0)/2;        while(abs(x0-xn) > 1e-5)        {            x0 = xn;            xn = (x0+x/x0)/2;        }        return x0;    }};

 

解法二:二分法

注意返回为int,结果会取整。

class Solution {public:    int sqrt(int x) {        long long low = 0;        long long high = x;        long long mid;        while(low <= high)        {            mid = (low+high)/2;            long long result = mid*mid;            if(result == x)                return mid;            else if(result > x)                high = mid-1;            else                low = mid+1;        }        return high;    }};

【LeetCode】Sqrt(x) (2 solutions)